SBI172 Integumentary

The skin plays a role in the manufacture of vitamin: D, C, B or A?

D

Sebum: A lubricates the surface of the skin and hair B consists of cell fragments and fatty substances C in excess may cause seborrhoea D All of these

D All of these

In general, skin cancers: A are easily treatable and not a major health concern B occur due to poor hygiene C can be reduced by limited exposure to the sun D affect only the epidermis

C can be reduced by limited exposure to the sun

The papillary and reticular layers of the dermis are mostly composed of: A melanocytes B keratinocytes C connective tissue D adipose tissue

C connective tissue

Which cell functions as part of the immune system? A keratinocyte B melanocyte C dendritic cell D tactile cell

C dendritic cell

Skin surface markings that reflect points of tight dermal attachment to underlying tissues are called: A tension lines B papillary ridges C flexure lines D dermal papillae

C flexure lines

A patient taking a drug that inhibits cell division (such as certain chemotherapy drugs) would expect which layer of the epidermis to be affected first? A stratum lucidum B stratum spinosum C stratum basale D stratum corneum

C stratum basale

Cells of the ____ are keratinised and dead A stratum basale B papillary layer C stratum corneum D stratum granulosum

C stratum corneum

The product of this type of sweat gland includes protein and lipid substances that become odiferous as a result of bacterial action: A Apocrine gland B Eccrine gland C Sebaceous gland D Pancreatic gland

A Apocrine gland

Similar to the hair, nails grow continuously throughout our lives. Which of the following is furthest from the nail growth centre? A Hyponychium B Nail bed C Nail root D Eponychium

A Hyponychium

If you cut yourself and bacteria enter the wound, which of the following cells would help get rid of the bacteria? A Langerhans cells B keratinocytes C Merkel cells D melanocytes

A Langerhans cells

Which of the following is a scent gland? A an apocrine gland B an eccrine gland C a sebaceous gland D a ceruminous gland

A an apocrine gland

Eccrine sweat glands: A are present in the skin throughout the body and produce watery sweat B are present on hair C produce sebum D act as a moisturiser

A are present in the skin throughout the body and produce watery sweat

The principle tissue found in the dermal layer is: A dense irregular connective tissue B areolar connective tissue C dense regular connective tissue D Stratified squamous epithelium

A dense irregular connective tissue

One of the functions of the integumentary system is protection. Which of the following does not directly contribute to that function? A folic acid synthesis B stratum lucidum C desmosomes D Merkel cells

A folic acid synthesis

Which epidermal cell type is most numerous? A keratinocyte B melanocyte C dendritic cell D tactile cell

A keratinocyte

(True or false) The term integument means only the skin, but integumentary system refers also to the hair, nails and cutaneous glands

True

The touch sensors of the epidermis are the: A tactile cells B keratinocytes C dendritic cells D melanocytes

A tactile cells

Which of the following types of sweat gland secretions is thought to deter insects? A Apocrine B Ceruminous C Mammary D Eccrine

B Ceruminous

Fingerprints are copies of: A Dermal papillae B Epidermal ridges C Dermal ridges D Epidermal papillae

B Epidermal ridges

Which of the following is not true for the skin in old age? A The rate of epidermal cell replacement slows B It is less susceptible to bruising C The skin thins D Secretions from glands decrease

B It is less susceptible to bruising

Which is not a true statement about the papillary layer of the dermis? A It is largely areolar connective tissue B It is most responsible for the toughness of the skin C It contains nerve endings that respond to stimuli D It is highly vascular

B It is most responsible for the toughness of the skin

Sebaceous glands: A are a type of sweat gland B are associated with hair follicles C may function in response to touch D release a watery solution of salt and metabolic waste

B are associated with hair follicles

Arrector pili muscle is associated with: A each sweat gland B causing hair to stand up straight C enabling each hair to be stretched when wet D providing new cells for continued growth of its associated hair

B causing hair to stand up straight

The rule of nines is helpful clinically in: A diagnosing skin cancer B estimating the extent of a burn C estimating how serious cancer is D preventing acne

B estimating the extent of a burn

Langerhans cells are commonly found in the: A stratum corneum B stratum spinosum C stratum granulosum D stratum basale

B stratum spinosum

Collagen lends ____ to the skin. A elasticity B structure C colour D UV protection

B structure

The sensations of touch and pressure are picked up by receptors located in: A the stratum spinosum B the dermis C the hypodermic D the stratum corneum

B the dermis

The most important role of the eccrine sweat gland is: A milk production B stress-induced sweating C body temperature regulation D earwax production

C body temperature regulation

What causes sunspots? A Too much sun over a long period of time B Application of excessive amounts of sun block C A fungus D Too much sun in a short amount of time

C A fungus

SCCs are the second most common skin cancer and are capable of metastasising if not treated. This cancer affects which cells? A Basal cells of the stratum basale B Melanocytes of the stratum basale C Keratinocytes of the stratum spinosum D Langerhans cells of the stratum lucidum

C Keratinocytes of the stratum spinosum

Which of the following is not an epidermal derivative? A Hair B Sweat gland C Sensory receptor D Sebaceous gland

C Sensory receptor

Which of the following is not a function of the hypodermis? A Protects underlying organs B Helps maintain body temperature C Source of blood vessels in the epidermis D A site to long-term energy storage

C Source of blood vessels in the epidermis

Which of the following cells and their functions are correctly matched? A Keratinocytes provide sense of touch and pressure B Melanocytes protect cells in the stratum corneum from damaging effects of the sun's rays C Tactile cells protection D Dendritic cells activate the immune system

D Dendritic cells activate the immune system

Melanocytes and keratinocytes work together in protecting the skin from UV damage when keratinocytes: A maintain the appropriate pH in order for the melanocyte to synthesise melanin granules B maintain the appropriate temperature so the product of the melanocyte will not denature C provide the melanocyte with nutrients necessary for melanin synthesis D accumulate the melanin granules on their superficial portion, forming a UV-blocking pigment layer

D accumulate the melanin granules on their superficial portion, forming a UV-blocking pigment layer

Skin colour is determined by: A the amount of blood B pigments C oxygenation D all of these

D all of these

Which three pigments contribute to skin colour? A keratin, melanin, haemoglobin B Melanin, keratin, haemoglobin C Haemoglobin, carotene, keratin D Carotene, melanin, haemoglobin

D carotene, melanin, haemoglobin

Which of the following terms is least related to the rest? A lunule B free edge C nail plate D cortex

D cortex

The epidermis provides a physical barrier due largely to the presence of: A melanin B carotene C collagen D keratin

D keratin

The principle role of melanin is to: A give one that "healthy tan" look B keep the body cool C provide a waterproof layer D shield the nucleus from damage by UV radiation

D shield the nucleus from damage by UV radiation

The papillary layer of the dermis is most closely associated with which layer of the epidermis? A stratum spinosum B stratum corneum C stratum granulosum D stratum basale

D stratum basale

Despite its apparent durability, the dermis is subject to tearing. How might a person know that the dermis has been previously stretched and/or torn? A the stretching causes tension lines to disappear B the blood vessels in the dermis rupture and the blood passes through the tissue, causing permanent black and blue marks C There is an episode of acute pain due to the large number of tactile corpuscles D the appearance of visible, silvery-white scars is an indication of stretching of the dermis

D the appearance of visible, silvery-white scars is an indication of stretching of the dermis

The sensations of touch and pressure are picked up by receptors located in: A the stratum corneum B the hypodermis C the stratum spinosum D the dermis

D the dermis

The reason why the hypodermis acts as a shock absorber is that: A it has no delicate nerve endings and can therefore absorb more shock B the cells that make up the hypodermic secrete a protective mucous C it is located just below the epidermis and protects the dermis from shock D the major part of its makeup is adipose, which serves as an effective shock absorber

D the major part of its makeup is adipose, which serves as an effective shock absorber

The hair on a six-year-old's arms is: A terminal hair B languo C rosacea D vellus

D vellus

(True or false) Ceruminous glands are modified merocrine glands

False

(True or false) People of African descent have a much higher density of epidermal melanocytes than do people of northern European descent

False

(True or false) Skin surface markings that reflect points of tight dermal attachment to underlying tissues are called epidermal ridges

False

(True or false) The reason that the nail bed appears pink is the presence of a large number of melanocytes in the underlying dermis

False

(True or false) The skin is not able to receive stimuli because the cells of the epidermis are not living and therefore there are no sensory receptors in the skin

False

(True or false) Vitamin D is synthesised by certain cutaneous glands

False

(True or false) When a patient is said to have "third-degree burns", this indicates that the patient has burns that cover approximately one third or more of the body

False

(true or false) The dermis is composed mainly of keratin

False

(True or false) Apocrine sweat glands are activated at the same time in life as the pubic and axillary hair begin to grow

True

(True or false) Cells of the stratum granulosum cannot undergo mitosis

True

(True or false) Dander consists of dead keratinocytes

True

(True or false) Dermal papillae are better developed in skin that is subject to a lot of mechanical stress than in skin that is subject to less stress

True

(True or false) The dense fibrous connective tissue portion of the skin is located in the reticular layer of the dermis

True

(True or false) The most dangerous skin cancer is cancer of the melanocytes

True

(True or false) The three layers of the skin are the epidermis, dermis and hypodermis

True