Science Final ( Ch. 18)
igneous rocks
Records of the strength and directions of the Earth's magnetic force are found in
continental crust
The oldest rocks are found in
divergent
The plate boundary associated with the formation of new crust is called
Core, mantle, crust
three main areas of Earth's interior are
A seismic wave
A vibration that moves through any part of Earth is called a
divergent boundary
According to the plate tectonics theory,seafloor spreading takes place at a
iron and nickel
The core of Earth is composed of
transform boundary between plates
The ongoing occurrence of earthquakes without seafloor spreading, oceanic trenches, or volcanoes is most characteristic of a
ocean-ocean plate convergence
The presence of an oceanic trench with shallow earthquakes and island arcs with deep-seated earthquakes is characteristics of a (an)
ocean-continent plate convergence
The presence of an oceanic trench, a chain of volcanic mountains along the continental edge, and deep-seated earthquakes is characteristics of a (an)
Pangea
The name of the single large continents suggested by Wegener
subduction zone
The movement of one plate under another plate creates
basalt
Earth's mantle has a chemical composition that agrees closely with the composition of
Nickel and iron
Evidence from meteorite studies proposes that the core is composed of
liquid
From seismological data, Earth's shadow zone indicates that part of Earth's interior must be
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
The chain of mountains found in the center of the Atlantic Ocean basin is called the
parallel to the edges of continents
Long, deep, and narrow oceanic trenches are located
has a liquid outer core and solid inner core
Seismological studies suggests that the core
transverse wave
The S-wave is a
moho discontinuity
The boundary between the crust an the mantle is called
the S-wave shadow zone
The evidence that Earth's core is part liquid or acts as a liquid comes from
changes in magnetic patterns and ages of rocks moving away from the ridge
The idea of seafloor spreading along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge was supported by evidence form
asthenosphere
The layer in Earth where seismic waves sharply decrease in velocity is called the
lithosphere
The layer that is broken up into plates that move in the upper mantle is the
continental crust
The least dense rocks are found in
silicates
The mantle is composed of
Mantle
The middle part of Earth's interior is
changes in the composition on both sides of the boundary
The mochronic discontinuity is a change in seismic wave
surface waves
The seismic waves that cause the most damage during an earthquake are
Differentiation
The separation of materials that gave Earth its layered interior is called
bombardment by dust and debris remaining from initial planet formation
The surfaces of early planets in our solar system were thought to be formed from
plate tectonics
The theory that the lithosphere is composed of several rigid plates that "float" in the asthenosphere is called
two plates slide by each other without the formation or loss of crust
Transform boundaries occur when
surface waves
Waves that occur where S- or P- waves reach the surface are
convective cells move from the core to the lithosphere
What is the current theory about why the plates move?
