Science Unit Test (It's not a benchmark apparently)
Which of these structures would not be found in an animal cell? A. Plastids B. Lysosomes C. Chromosomes D. Mitochondria
A
Which structure contains grana that contain light-absorbing pigments? A. Chloroplast B. Nucleus C. Cell wall D. Vacuole
A
31. The cell membrane is composed of a bilayer of phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates. What molecules are most responsible for the fluid-like nature of the cell membrane? A. Phospholipids B. Proteins C. Cholesterol D. Carbohydrates
A
A cell that has no true nucleus, circular strands of DNA, and few membrane-bound organelles is classified as — A. a prokaryote B. an eukaryote C. a protist D. a virus
A
A protein is made up of — A. amino acids B. simple sugars C. phospholipids D. hydroxide bases
A
A protein that regulates chemical reactions in cells is — A. an enzyme B. an amino acid C. a fatty acid D. a nucleotide
A
An example of a protein that is necessary for the utilization of glucose in humans is — A. insulin B. pepsin C. hemoglobin D. pancreatin
A
Bacteria are killed by the antibiotic penicillin. Penicillin blocks the formation of bacterial cell walls. Other than bacteria, which of the following types of cells have a cell wall? A. Leaf cells of a tree B. Epidermal cells of a cat C. Blood cells of a dog D. Digestive cells of a worm
A
Because cell membranes are selectively permeable, they are capable of interacting with the outside environment. This interaction enables the cell to — A. maintain homeostasis B. consume less materials overall C. keep all of its products D. live without essential chemicals
A
Before hibernation, a bear must store large amounts of extra energy. Which type of macromolecule can store a large supply of energy that the bear will use over a period of several months? A. Lipids B. Proteins C. Nucleic acids D. Carbohydrates
A
Carbon-hydrogen bonds store a lot of chemical energy. Which type of macromolecule uses these bonds to store extra energy for an organism? A. Lipids B. Proteins C. Carbohydrates D. Nucleic acids
A
Enzymes increase the speed of a reaction by — A. decreasing the activation energy of a chemical reaction B. decreasing the surface area of chemical reactants C. neutralizing the pH of a chemical reaction D. dissolving the bonds between the atoms in complex molecules
A
For plants, mitochondria and chloroplasts both play a role in the process of — A. ATP production B. photosynthesis C. protein digestion D. DNA replication
A
Four main groups of organic compounds are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Which of these groups is not correctly matched with one of its functions? A. Nucleic acids: component of cell membrane B. Carbohydrates: provide energy C. Lipids: provide insulation D. Proteins: make up enzymes
A
In terms of cell type, prokaryotes are to eukaryotes as — A. bacteria are to algae B. plants are to animals C. fungi are to plants D. algae are to animals
A
In which cellular organelle does photosynthesis take place? A. Chloroplast B. Mitochondria C. Peroxisome D. Ribosome
A
Keratin is a sulfur-containing fibrous protein that forms the chemical basis of epidermal tissues such as hair and nails. What is the primary function of keratin? A. Structure B. Transport C. Sensory D. Movement
A
One of the most important discoveries in genetics occurred when a group of researchers investigated the characteristics of the DNA molecule. These scientists were Crick, Watson, Wilkins, and Franklin. The Nobel Prize was later awarded for their discovery. What did these scientists discover about the DNA molecule that was so revolutionary? A. The actual structure of the DNA molecule B. That DNA molecules are in the cells of all organisms C. That DNA molecules are made up of proteins D. The number of DNA molecules in each cell
A
Proteins are packaged in the cell for transport outside the cell by the — A. Golgi apparatus B. ribosomes C. endoplasmic reticulum D. lysosome
A
Proteins perform all of the following functions in a cell except — A. providing a quick supply of energy B. serving as enzymes to catalyze chemical reactions C. providing structure D. serving as chemical signals
A
Proteins serve many different roles in living things. Which of the following molecules is an example of a protein? A. Enzymes B. Minerals C. Vitamins D. DNA
A
Single-celled organisms that do not have nuclei are called — A. prokaryotes B. organelles C. mitochondria D. eukaryotes
A
Some macromolecules enter the cell via a process called endocytosis. During endocytosis, what structure forms the vesicle surrounding the macromolecule? A. Membrane B. Globular proteins C. Spherical transfer RNA D. Circular chromosomes, DNA
A
The enzyme sucrase breaks down sucrose in cells. According to this information, which of these is most likely to occur? A. Alteration of the amino acid sequence in sucrase leads to less glucose. B. Each nucleotide in the gene specifies an amino acid in sucrase. C. Mutation of the gene may alter the carbon sequence in fructose. D. Increases in cellular pH lead to a decreased production of fructose.
A
The method by which water moves through the cell membrane is called — A. osmosis B. active transport C. endocytosis D. passive evaporation
A
The total of all energy-storing or energy-releasing processes in a living organism is called — A. metabolism B. permeability C. transpiration D. osmoregulation
A
What do lipids and nucleic acids have in common? A. Both are organic molecules. B. Both can store extra energy. C. Both store genetic information. D. Both are parts of cell membranes.
A
What effect would the dilution of an enzyme have on the rate of a biochemical reaction? A. It would decrease the rate of the reaction. B. It would maintain the reaction. C. It would increase the rate of the reaction. D. It would cause the reaction to cease.
A
When looking at cells under a microscope, a feature that would help identify the cells as plant cells would be the presence of — A. cell walls B. mitochondria C. nuclei D. ribosomes
A
Which component of the cell membrane is always non-polar? A. Lipids B. Proteins C. Carbohydrates D. Water
A
Which of the following discoveries caused scientists to begin focusing on the structure of DNA as an essential concept of genetics? A. DNA is the material responsible for heredity. B. Chromosomes are made of both proteins and DNA. C. Restriction enzymes can be used to cut DNA strands. D. DNA bases are hydrogen-bonded to bases on opposing strands.
A
Which of the following is an example of a cell converting cellular energy to cellular work? A. A membrane protein pumps an ion out of the cell when ATP is broken down. B. Small uncharged particles enter the cell by diffusion. C. Starch is stored in granules within the cell. D. The cell absorbs water and expands when placed in a hypotonic solution.
A
Which of the following is not found in a prokaryotic organism? A. Chloroplast B. DNA C. Ribosome D. Cell wall
A
Which of the following is used only in extreme cases as an energy source for the body? A. Proteins B. Carbohydrates C. Fats D. Sugars
A
Which of the following macromolecules are most common in a muscle cell? A. Amino acids B. Carbohydrates C. Lipids D. Nucleic acids
A
Which of the following statements correctly explains what all enzymes have in common? A. They catalyze chemical reactions. B. They are composed of carbohydrate subunits. C. They are consumed during chemical reactions. D. They facilitate phase changes of biological matter.
A
Which of the following statements is true? A. Enzymes are usually very specific to their substrates. B. An enzyme will be broken down into products by its substrate molecule. C. Most enzymes can catalyze multiple reactions and can accommodate more than one substrate. D. Both the enzyme and its substrate molecule are broken down in their chemical reaction.
A
Which of these is a valid statement about enzymes? A. Enzymes often increase the rate of one specific type of chemical reaction. B. Enzymes fail to change the amount of activation energy needed in a reaction. C. Enzymes are permanently changed by each chemical reaction in a cell. D. Enzymes increase the amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction.
A
Which of these proteins is responsible for accelerating chemical reactions and facilitating the breakdown of molecules? A. Enzymatic B. Transport C. Structural D. Hormonal
A
In which of the following organisms are the activities at the cellular level identical to those at the organismal level? A. Oak tree B. Bacteria C. Earthworm D. Mountain lion
B
Positive feedback loops amplify and move you ____ from the set point
Away
A biologist isolates the DNA from hair samples of two different human individuals. He incubates the two DNA samples with the same restriction enzyme and separates the fragments on an electrophoresis gel. Which statement best explains why the gel results for the two samples have different band patterns? A. Individuals have different sequences of DNA, and restriction enzymes cut at certain sequences. B. Individuals have different levels of DNA repair, and restriction enzymes only cut damaged DNA. C. Individuals have different levels of chromosome repair, and restriction enzymes cut only at mutations. D. Individuals have different numbers of chromosomes, and restriction enzymes cut between chromosomes.
B
A group of scientists are interested in studying oxygen production in a photosynthetic protist. Which cell structure will they target for their experiments? A. The cytoskeleton B. The chloroplast C. The nucleus D. The mitochondrion
B
A laboratory ecosystem was exposed to a radioactive nitrogen gas. Which of the following would not incorporate this nitrogen into its product? A. Production of proteins by consumers B. Production of glucose by producers C. Production of amino acids by metabolism D. Production of DNA by reproducers
B
A scientist studying the composition of a particular part of a cell finds mostly phospholipids, with a smaller number of proteins and carbohydrates. What part of the cell was this scientist most likely studying? A. Lysosome B. Membrane C. Chromosome D. Mitochondria
B
Amino acids are the monomer units of which of the following types of biological polymers? A. RNA B. Enzymes C. ATP D. Phospholipids
B
An organism was identified with cells that contained DNA in a nucleus. The cells were surrounded by structures composed of cellulose. The surrounding structure could be the cell — A. wall of a fungus B. wall of a pine tree C. membrane of an onion D. membrane of a bacterium
B
Cristae are membranes that produce ATP within the — A. chloroplasts B. mitochondria C. nucleus D. vacuoles
B
Living things consist of only a few different types of molecules. Which of these molecules has a basic unit called an amino acid? A. Lipid B. Protein C. Nucleic acid D. Carbohydrate
B
Many biological processes occur on both a cellular level and on the level of the entire organism. Which of the following processes occurs at both of these levels? A. Mitosis B. Osmosis C. Translation D. Transcription
B
Mitochondria- Structure-Membranous sacs with inner partitions Functions-Release energy from food molecules and transform it into usable forms Lysosomes- Structure-Membranous sacs Functions-Contain enzymes that help break down lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates Vesicles- Structures-Membranous sacs Functions-Contain various substances after entry into the cell Ribosomes- Structure-Particles composed of RNA Functions-Synthesize proteins According to this information, which organelles are responsible for the digestive processes of the cell? A. Mitochondria B. Lysosomes C. Vesicles D. Ribosomes
B
Of the following cell types, which would likely have the fewest number of mitochondria per cell? A. Blood cell B. Bone cell C. Muscle cell D. Liver cell
B
Plants have chloroplasts. These structures are important in making compounds used by other living things. Chloroplasts — A. do not occur in the same cells as mitochondria B. can trap light energy and produce ATP C. have an inner membrane arranged in folds called cristae D. are found in almost all eukaryotic cells
B
Police are able to identify the criminals who leave behind drops of blood by analyzing the — A. type of cells present in the drops B. DNA present in the white blood cells C. type of RNA present in the drops D. clotting time of the blood
B
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have important similarities and differences. Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? A. Prokaryotic cells use DNA while eukaryotic cells do not. B. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus while prokaryotic cells do not. C. Prokaryotic cells are filled with cytoplasm while eukaryotic cells are not. D. Eukaryotic cells are enclosed by membranes while prokaryotic cells are not.
B
The endoplasmic reticulum in a cell is most like what system in an animal? A. Digestive B. Circulatory C. Skeletal D. Muscular
B
The human body uses thousands of different types of proteins. The members of each group of proteins have similar structures. In addition to structure, which property must the members of a group of proteins have in common? A. They have similar molecular weights. B. They have similar functions in the cell. C. They have identical numbers of subunits. D. They have identical amino acid sequences.
B
The large central vacuole of many plant cells is fluid-filled and exerts an outward pressure on the cell wall. If the amount of fluid in a plant's vacuoles decreased significantly, what would be the first visible evidence of this change? A. The plant would turn yellow. B. The plant would wilt. C. The plant would exude water. D. The plant would bloom.
B
The observation that plant cells contain both chloroplasts and mitochondria implies that plant cells — A. require more energy than they produce B. produce both oxygen and carbon dioxide C. both fix and decompose nitrogen compounds D. get more energy from food than from sunlight
B
The part responsible for internal transport within an animal cell is the — A. nucleus B. endoplasmic reticulum C. mitochondria D. Golgi apparatus
B
The role of an enzyme in a cell is to — A. provide energy for cell growth B. act as a catalyst for reactions C. give structure to cell organelles D. transfer the genetic protein
B
What would happen to the protein if the hydrogen bonds were broken? A. It would start replicating itself to repair the damage. B. It could lose its ability to function in its cellular role. C. It could form covalent bonds in place of the hydrogen bonds that were broken. D. It would form a different set of hydrogen bonds that would enable it to function as a lipid.
B
Which of the following blood molecules allows forensic pathologists to discover the identity of individuals? A. Carbohydrates B. Nucleic acids C. Lipids D. Protein chains
B
Which of the following happens during the cell cycle of plant cells but not animal cells? A. chromosomes are replicated during the S phase B. a cell plate forms during cytokinesis C. the nuclear membrane disappears during mitosis D. cell growth occurs during the G1 phase
B
Which of the following molecules is a carbohydrate? A. H2O B. C6H12O6 C. N6H4O2 D. FeSO4
B
Which of the following statements correctly describes a major difference between plant cells and animal cells? A. Plant cells have DNA while animal cells do not. B. Plant cells have a cell wall, but animal cells do not. C. Animal cells have chloroplasts while plant cells do not. D. Animal cells have a cell membrane, but plant cells do not.
B
Which of these has probably decreased within a plant cell if the volume of the vacuole has decreased? A. Carbon dioxide B. Water C. Glucose D. ATP
B
Which organelle is responsible for organizing cell division of animal cells? A. Cilia B. Centriole C. Centrosome D. Chromatid
B
Which part of a cell contains digestive enzymes? A. Centrosomes B. Lysosomes C. Chromosomes D. Ribosomes
B
Negative loops bring stabilization, and an example would be
Body temperature regulation
After a chemical reaction with a substrate, enzymes are — A. destroyed by the substrate B. absorbed into the substrate C. released from the substrate D. transformed into the substrate
C
All of the following are components that make up the Cell Theory except — A. all living things are composed of cells B. all cells are produced from other cells C. cells have the same structure and function in all organisms D. cells are the basic unit of structure and function in all living things
C
Before running a race, an athlete will consume more of a certain type of macromolecule as an energy source. One example of a food that contains this type of macromolecule is pasta. Which type of macromolecule are athletes most likely to consume as an energy source before running a race? A. Proteins B. Lipids C. Carbohydrates D. Nucleic acids
C
C6H12O6 is an example of — A. an amino acid B. a lipid C. a carbohydrate D. a nucleic acid
C
Cells with multiple chloroplasts are most likely to be found in — A. flowers B. fruits C. leaves D. roots
C
In what way do fungi differ from other eukaryotic organisms? A. They lack nuclei. B. They lack membrane-bound organelles. C. Their cell walls contain chitin. D. They convert sunlight into energy using photosynthesis.
C
In which cell structure does aerobic respiration take place? A. Cell membrane B. Endoplasmic reticulum C. Mitochondria D. Chloroplasts
C
In which cellular plant process is water produced? A. Osmosis B. Diffusion C. Respiration D. Photosynthesis
C
Inside a human stomach, hydrochloric acid is important in digestion. Which reason best explains why the enzymes found in other parts of the body would not function well in the stomach? A. The temperature is too high. B. There is not enough water. C. The pH is too low. D. There are not enough substrates.
C
Membrane proteins called cell surface markers are used to — A. shape cells for specific functions within tissues of an organism B. detect and eliminate dead body cells from organ systems C. distinguish cell types or foreign bodies within an organism D. differentiate epidermal cells from internal cells in growing skin tissue
C
Most enzymes are effective at a pH of — A. 2 B. 5 C. 7 D. 14
C
The cell nucleus contains genetic information in — A. plants, but not animals B. animals, but not plants C. both plants and animals D. neither plants nor animals
C
The cellulose in plants helps them to stand up straight against gravity and wind. What type of macromolecule is cellulose composed of? A. Proteins B. Lipids C. Carbohydrates D. Nucleic acids
C
The characteristic that places an organism into the classification of prokaryote is that the organism — A. has a diameter of less than a tenth of a millimeter B. is made up of only DNA with a protein coat C. lacks membrane-bound organelles D. is unable to produce chlorophyll
C
The organelle that maintains homeostasis in the cells of all living organisms is the — A. ribosome B. mitochondria C. cell membrane D. nuclear membrane
C
The reduction of large food particles into individual carbohydrate molecules is a process by which a cell — A. manufactures a new protein B. shields itself from infection C. obtains chemical energy D. restores the structures of damaged enzymes
C
The release of materials to the outside of the cell is called — A. glycolysis B. pinocytosis C. exocytosis D. phagocytosis
C
The replication of DNA depends on many enzymes. One enzyme has optimal activity at a temperature of 37 °C and at a pH of 6.9. Biologists are studying the activity of this enzyme as they manipulate cellular conditions in the lab. Under which of the following conditions would this enzyme's activity be most severely decreased? A. The pH of the cellular fluid is 6.8. B. The pH of the cellular fluid is 7.0. C. The cell temperature is 48.0 °C. D. The cell temperature is 40.0 °C.
C
The technological advancement that most influenced the development of the cell theory was the invention of the — A. electron microscope B. Petri dish C. light microscope D. Bunsen burner
C
Unlike animal cells, plant cells do not rupture when put into a hypotonic solution. Which plant cell organelle prevents this from happening? A. Chloroplast B. Nucleus C. Cell wall D. Cell membrane
C
Waterfowl are able to stay afloat in water because their feathers are coated with a waxy substance, which is a type of — A. carbohydrate B. protein C. lipid D. nucleic acid
C
Which of the following cell parts is made almost entirely of carbohydrates? A. Nucleus B. Cell membrane C. Cell wall D. Vacuole
C
Which of the following is a role of osmosis in cells? A. It is involved in cell division. B. It uses energy to move proteins. C. It helps keep the right balance of water. D. It protects the cell from bacteria.
C
Which of the following is one of the scientists credited with the development of the cell theory? A. Carl Linnaeus B. Charles Darwin C. Rudolph Virchow D. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
C
Which of the following options best describes an important consequence of osmosis? A. Utilization of stored cellular energy B. Disposal of cellular waste products C. Maintenance of proper cellular shape D. Catalysis of cellular chemical reactions
C
Which of the following produces cellular energy? A. Golgi body B. Vacuole C. Mitochondria D. Endoplasmic reticulum
C
Which of these are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? A. Chloroplasts B. Lysosomes C. Ribosomes D. Mitochondria
C
Which of these events had to occur before the cell theory could be developed? A. Electricity had to be controlled. B. The structure of DNA had to be discovered. C. Lens grinding had to be perfected. D. Nutrient agar had to be developed.
C
Which of these is a long-chain polypeptide? A. Amino acid B. Nucleotide C. Protein D. Ribose sugar
C
Which of these is not a similarity between mitochondria and chloroplasts? A. Both contain their own DNA molecules. B. Both have a two-layered membrane. C. Both change light into chemical energy. D. Both may have evolved from bacteria.
C
Which of these is required for energy production to occur within the mitochondria of a plant cell? A. Carbon dioxide B. Sunlight C. Oxygen D. Freezing temperatures
C
Which of these is responsible for the function of a particular enzyme? A. Primary structure B. Secondary structure C. Tertiary structure D. Quaternary structure
C
Which of these proteins would be least important in the metabolism of a single cell? A. Membrane receptors for hormones B. Enzymes for protein production C. Antibodies as antibacterial agents D. Transport proteins in membranes
C
Which organelle is sometimes referred to as the "power house" because it manufactures and releases cellular energy in the form of ATP? A. Cell membrane B. Lysosome C. Mitochondrion D. Nucleolus
C
Which plant organelle is the site of photosynthesis? A. Cell wall B. Nucleus C. Chloroplast D. Vacuole
C
Which represents a structure that is associated with a plant cell but not an animal cell? A. Mitochondrion B. Ribosome C. Chloroplast D. Plasma membrane
C
Which structure is found predominantly in animal cells? A. Chloroplast B. Cell membrane C. Centriole D. Cell wall
C
Negative feedback loops bring you ____to the set point
Closer
A disease that causes a decrease in cell membrane permeability might cause the — A. transformation of stored proteins into ATP B. cell to limit its cytoplasmic volume C. random alteration of the cell's inherited traits D. build-up of toxic waste products in the cell
D
An unknown substance was added to a starch solution. After an hour, the solution tested positive for the presence of sugars. The unknown substance was most likely — A. a hormone B. a fatty acid C. a nucleic acid D. an enzyme
D
Carbohydrates serve several important roles in the human body. Which of the following is one of the roles of carbohydrates? A. They remove toxins from the blood. B. They help wounds to heal in the skin. C. They are used to build muscle in the arms. D. They are used as a fiber source for digestion.
D
Each type of polymer in living things has a basic subunit. What is the basic subunit of a carbohydrate polymer? A. Amino acid B. Fatty acid C. Nucleotide D. Monosaccharide
D
Endothermic organisms maintain a constant internal temperature. Which of the following would be most affected if there were a 10 ºC increase in the internal temperature of an organism? A. The nucleic acid sequence of DNA B. The amino acid sequence of an enzyme C. The hydrogen-bonding scheme of DNA D. The three-dimensional structure of an enzyme
D
Eukaryotes can be distinguished from prokaryotes by — A. the absence of a nuclear membrane B. the presence of a cell wall C. the absence of chromosomes D. the presence of membrane-bound organelles
D
In which of the following statements are the organelles where photosynthesis and respiration occur correctly identified? A. Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast; respiration takes place in the vacuole. B. Photosynthesis takes place in the vacuole; respiration takes place in the mitochondrion. C. Photosynthesis takes place in the mitochondrion; respiration takes place in the chloroplast. D. Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast; respiration takes place in the mitochondrion.
D
Mr. Zapata's class is observing onion root tips under the microscope. He instructs them to increase the magnification so that the chromosomes are more visible. What should the students do to increase the magnification of the onion root tips? A. Adjust the diaphragm B. Move the fine adjustment knob C. Turn the coarse adjustment knob D. Set the high power objective in place
D
Photosynthesis is to chloroplast as cellular respiration is to — A. ATP B. cytoplasm C. glucose D. mitochondrion
D
Plants contain specialized cells that open and close to regulate water loss by the plant. This regulation is part of all of these processes except — A. transpiration B. homeostasis C. photosynthesis D. gametogenesis
D
Prokaryotic bacteria are used by the dairy industry to make sour cream. Scientists observe a sample of these bacteria under the microscope. Which of the following cellular structures will they observe? A. Nucleus B. Lysosome C. Vacuole D. Chromosome
D
Proteins and lipids are transported through cells by the — A. nuclear membrane B. vacuoles C. mitochondrion D. endoplasmic reticulum
D
Rough endoplasmic reticulum appears "rough" because of the presence of — A. ATP B. enzymes C. glycoproteins D. ribosomes
D
The cell membrane helps maintain homeostasis in the cell by — A. controlling the division of labor in the cell B. directing protein production in the cell C. providing the overall shape of the cell D. regulating what enters and leaves the cell
D
The diagram below shows what a typical substrate and enzyme might look like. Which of the following explains why each enzyme can only control one type of reaction in a cell? A. Certain substrate activation energy B. Constant enzyme temperature C. Optimum substrate stability D. Specific enzyme shape
D
The diagram has several labeled structures. Which of these structures is found in both plant and animal cells? A. Cell wall B. Central vacuole C. Chloroplast D. Vesicle
D
The discovery of how to sequence DNA quickly through a process known as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) gave scientists the ability to make millions of exact copies of DNA from a few cells. Which of the following is an example of this scientific discovery being used in a technological advancement? A. Synthesizing a new drug B. Developing a new fertilizer C. Identifying the color of a person's eyes D. Identifying the suspect at a crime scene
D
The function of endoplasmic reticulum is enhanced by the Golgi apparatus because the Golgi apparatus — A. provides the ATP necessary for the endoplasmic reticulum functions B. modifies and transports the proteins exported by the endoplasmic reticulum C. allows for diffusion of water by the endoplasmic reticulum through the cell membrane D. works with the nucleus to control all endoplasmic reticulum functions
D
What would be the most likely effect if the ribosomes of a cell were greatly reduced in number? A. A reduction in the buildup of waste materials B. A reduction in the rate of transcription C. A reduction in the rate of ATP synthesis D. A reduction in the rate of protein synthesis
D
Which cellular event might occur because of changes in enzyme structure when a cell is exposed to above-average temperatures? A. Cellular energy demands would increase. B. Chromosomal acquired traits would become inherited traits. C. Cytoplasmic respiration would increase production of metabolic byproducts. D. Certain chemical reactions would stop functioning.
D
Which of the following best describes how cells maintain homeostasis? A. The cytoplasm of the cell is constantly moving. B. The nucleus holds the genetic material for the cell. C. The centrioles form spindle fibers during cell division. D. The cell membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell.
D
Which of the following is a cell organelle? A. Stroma B. Cytoplasm C. Lignin D. Mitochondrion
D
Which of the following is a structure that largely involves lipids? A. DNA B. Ribosomes C. Mitochondria D. Cell membrane
D
Which of the following macromolecules is used the most during the S-phase of the cell cycle? A. Amino acids B. Carbohydrates C. Lipids D. Nucleic acids
D
Which of the following options best explains how a scientist could decrease the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction? A. Add more reactants as they are consumed by the reaction. B. Remove the product as it is formed by the reaction. C. Increase the concentration of enzyme substrate. D. Add an inhibitor for the enzyme molecule.
D
Which of the following organelles is found in both the prokaryote, Neisseria meningitidis and the cells of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster? A. Endoplasmic reticulum B. Golgi body C. Nucleus D. Ribosome
D
Which of the following organic compounds is not a protein? A. Antibody B. Myosin C. Amylase D. Glucose
D
Which of the following structures would be found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? A. Chloroplasts that produce energy from sunlight B. Golgi apparatus that sorts proteins into compartments C. Mitochondria that produce energy D. Cell membrane that controls passage of molecules
D
Which of these structures maintains homeostasis by regulating the flow of materials? A. Protoplasm B. Cell wall C. Nucleus D. Cell membrane
D
Which organelle would be most involved in the loss of a tadpole's tail as the tadpole matures to a frog? A. Vacuole B. Centriole C. Golgi apparatus D. Lysosome
D
Maintains the same internal temperature as the surroundings
Ectotherm
Maintains a constant internal temperature
Endotherm
Postive loops bring amplification, and an example would be
Fruit ripening
Feedback loops are used to maintain-
Homeostasis
