SCM Exam 3

A work center had actual input of 280 hours and actual output of 270 hours. What is the change in backlog? A) 10 B) -10 C) 0 D) 1.037 E) Unable to determine with the given information

A) 10

The jobs listed below need to be completed. Assume that it is now day 140. If the jobs are sequenced according to the shortest processing time rule, what is the average completion time? Job Processing A 20 180 B 30 200 C 10 175 D 16 230 E 18 210 A) 47.6 days B) 60.2 days C) 94.0 days D) 2.5 days E) 238.0 days

A) 47.6 days

Consider the following product structure. If the demand for product A is 50 units, how many units of component E will be needed? A) 50 B) 100 C) 150 D) 200 E) 300

A) 50

By convention, what is the top level in a product structure? A) level 0 B) level 1 C) level T D) level 10 E) level 100

A) Level 0

The correct sequence from longest to smallest duration scheduling is: A) capacity planning, aggregate planning, master schedule, short-term scheduling. B) aggregate planning, capacity planning, master schedule, short-term scheduling. C) master schedule, capacity planning, aggregate planning, short-term scheduling. D) master schedule, aggregate planning, capacity planning, short-term scheduling. E) capacity planning, master schedule, aggregate planning, short-term scheduling.

A) capacity planning, aggregate planning, master schedule, short-term scheduling.

Which of the following is NOT tracked by scheduling optimization systems used in retail stores? A) cars parked in the parking lot B) individual store sales C) transactions D) units sold E) customer traffic

A) cars parked in the parking lot

What is the priority rule that sequences jobs using the smallest ratio of due date from today to processing time? A) critical ratio B) earliest due date C) first come, first served D) longest processing time E) shortest processing time

A) critical ratio

EDD stands for what? A) earliest due date B) earliest design date C) earliest detrimental date D) earliest decision date E) economic date determination

A) earliest due date

Which of the following is NOT a key benefit of MRP? A) increased quality B) better response to customer orders C) faster response to market changes D) improved utilization of facilities and labor E) reduced inventory levels

A) increased quality

If an assignment problem consists of 5 workers and 4 projects: A) one worker will not get a project assignment. B) one project will be assigned two workers. C) the fifth worker will split time among the four projects. D) one project will not get a worker assigned. E) The problem cannot be solved by assignment method.

A) one worker will not get a project assignment.

Which of the following dispatching rules ordinarily gives the best results when the criterion is lowest time for completion of the full sequence of jobs? A) shortest processing time (SPT) B) critical ratio (CR) C) first in, first out (FIFO) D) first come, first served (FCFS) E) longest processing time (LPT)

A) shortest processing time (SPT)

9) What is a scheduling technique used to achieve an optimum, one-to-one matching of tasks and resources? A) the assignment method B) Johnson's rule C) the CDS algorithm D) the appointment method E) the reservation method

A) the assignment method

Three jobs are to be assigned to three machines. Cost for each job-machine combination appears in the table below. Perform the first two steps of the assignment method (subtract the smallest number in each row and subtract the smallest number in each column; then cover with straight lines). At this point in the problem-solving process: Machine A Machine B Machine C Job 1 11 14 6 Job 2 8 10 11 Job 3 9 12 7 A) the row for Job 1 contains the values 5, 6, and 0. B) calculations are complete, and the problem is ready for an optimal set of assignments. C) the column for Machine B indicates that it should be retired. D) Job 1 should be performed on Machine B. E) Job 1 should be performed on Machine A.

A) the row for Job 1 contains the values 5, 6, and 0.

A Gantt load chart shows the loading and idle time of several departments, machines, or facilities. A. True B. False

A. True

Because of the significance of labor in the scheduling of services, behavioral and social issues, wage and hour laws, and union contracts all complicate the scheduling process. A. True B. False

A. True

Delta uses mathematical short-term scheduling techniques and a high-tech nerve center to manage the rapid rescheduling necessary to cope with weather delays and similar disruptions. A. True B. False

A. True

Dispatching rules are typically judged by four effectiveness criteria: average completion time, utilization, average number of jobs in the system, and average job lateness. A. True B. False

A. True

Finite capacity scheduling provides the user with graphical interactive computing, which is the technique's primary advantage over rule-based scheduling.

A. True

Gross material requirements do not take into account the amount of inventory on hand.

A. True

If 100 units of Q are needed and 10 are already in stock, then the gross requirement is 100 and the net requirement is 90.

A. True

If X consists of one A and one B, and each A consists of one F and two Gs, then A is the "parent" component of G. A. True B. False

A. True

In manufacturing scheduling, physical inventories of goods can buffer variations in demand, but service scheduling normally lacks that buffer because services are generally consumed at the same time they are delivered. A. True B. False

A. True

In services, the scheduling emphasis is usually on staffing levels, not materials. A. True B. False

A. True

Johnson's rule sequences a set of jobs through two different machines or work centers in the same order. A. True B. False

A. True

Lead times, inventory availability, and purchase orders outstanding are among the five things operations managers must know for effective use of dependent inventory models. A. True B. False

A. True

MRP is generally practiced on items with dependent demand. A. True B. False

A. True

One criterion for developing effective schedules is minimizing completion time. A. True B. False

A. True

Planning bills of material are bills of material for "kits" of inexpensive items such as washers, nuts, and bolts. A. True B. False

A. True

Reduced inventory levels and faster response to market changes are both benefits of MRP. A. True B. False

A. True

The assignment method provides an optimum, one-to-one assignment of jobs to resources. A. True B. False

A. True

The benefits of effective scheduling include lower cost, faster throughput, and dependable delivery. A. True B. False

A. True

The constant work-in-process (ConWIP) card aids input-output control by limiting the amount of work in a work center. A. True B. False

A. True

The quantity required of a dependent demand item is computed from the demand for the final products in which the item is used. A. True B. False

A. True

The time-phased product structure, unlike the bill of material, adds the concept of lead times. A. True B. False

A. True

Wheeled Coach obtains competitive advantage through MRP in part because of their excellent record integrity and insistence on record accuracy. A. True B. False

A. True

When safety stock is deemed absolutely necessary, the usual policy is to build it into (increase) the inventory requirement of the MRP logic.

A. True

Five welding jobs are waiting to be processed. Their processing times and due dates are given below. Using the critical ratio dispatching rule, in which order should the jobs be processed? All dates are specified as days from today. Job Processing A 4 7 B 2 4 C 8 11 D 3 5 E 5 11 A) B, D, A, E, C B) C, D, A, B, E C) C, E, A, D, B D) E, B, A, D, C E) B, D, A, C, E

B) C, D, A, B, E

7) A work center is interested in limiting work-in-process by not allowing production to start again until the current batch is finished. The best solution most likely involves: A) MRP. B) ConWIP cards. C) Gantt charts. D) Johnson's rule. E) the assignment method.

B) ConWIP cards.

Which of the following dispatching rules tends to minimize job flow time? A) FCFS: first come, first served B) SPT: shortest processing time C) EDD: earliest due date D) LPT: longest processing time E) FCLS: first come, last served

B) SPT: shortest processing time

Which of the following is TRUE regarding services scheduling? A) The critical ratio sequencing rule is widely used for fairness to customers. B) The emphasis is on staffing levels, not materials. C) Reservations and appointments are often used to manipulate the supply of services. D) Labor use can be intensive, and labor demand is usually stable. E) All of the above are true.

B) The emphasis is on staffing levels, not materials.

Forward scheduling is the scheduling of: A) the end items or finished products. B) jobs as soon as the requirements are known. C) the start items or component parts. D) the final operation first beginning with the due date. E) jobs according to their profit contributions.

B) jobs as soon as the requirements are known.

Firms making many different final products use ________ to facilitate production scheduling. A) planning bills B) modular bills C) phantom bills D) overdue bills E) gross requirements bills

B) modular bills

Which of the following is NOT required to be known in order to schedule process-focused facilities? A) the sequence of work B) which workers are assigned to each work center C) the time required for each item D) the capacity of each work center E) the availability of each work center

B) which workers are assigned to each work center

There are two jobs to be assigned to two workers. The profit for worker A on job 1 is $5 and on job 2 is $8. The profit for worker B on job 1 is $10 and on job 2 is $12. How should the work be divided using the assignment method? A) worker A assigned to job 1 and worker B assigned to job 2 B) worker A assigned to job 2 and worker B assigned to job 1 C) worker A gets both jobs 1 and 2 D) worker B gets both jobs 1 and 2 E) unable to determine

B) worker A assigned to job 2 and worker B assigned to job 1

"Phantom bills" are bills of material for subassemblies that do not exist in reality. A. True B. False

B. False

A dependent demand item is so called because its demand is dependent on customer preferences. A. True B. False

B. False

By convention, the top level in a product structure is designated level 1. A. True B. False

B. False

Earliest due date is a shop floor dispatching (sequencing) rule that relates the time available to complete a job to the amount of work left to be completed. A. True B. False

B. False

Gantt charts are useful for scheduling jobs, but not for loading them. A. True B. False

B. False

Process-focused facilities and repetitive facilities generate forward-looking schedules, but process-focused facilities do this with JIT and kanban while repetitive facilities generally use MRP. A. True B. False

B. False

Scheduling optimization systems used in retail stores typically track customer traffic in 4-hour time increments. A. True B. False

B. False

Short-term scheduling is important to efficiency and to cost reduction, but its impact is not of strategic importance. A. True B. False

B. False

The critical ratio sequencing rule prioritizes the jobs based on the importance or value of the customers who have placed the orders. A. True B. False

B. False

With forward scheduling, jobs are scheduled as late as possible within the time allowed by the customer due dates. A. True B. False

B. False

A work center had planned outputs of 10, 15, 13, and 20 hours with actual outputs of 12, 14, 13, and 18 hours. What is the cumulative deviation in output? A) 0 B) 1 C) -1 D) 58 E) Unable to determine with the given information

C) -1

If job 5 takes 3, 4 or 5 hours to be completed by workers A, B, and C, respectively, what would the row values for job 5 be after performing Step 1A of the assignment method? A) 3, 4, 5 B) 8, 9, 10 C) 0, 1, 2 D) 6, 7, 8 E) 1, 4/3, 5/3

C) 0, 1, 2

Eight jobs have been sequenced at a single work center. Total processing time for the eight jobs is 34 hours, and total flow time for the sequence is 85 hours. For this schedule, utilization is ________ and the average number of jobs in the system is ________. A) 100 percent; 10.625 B) low; .0941 C) 0.400 or 40 percent; 2.5 D) 0.235 or 23.5 percent; 4.25 E) maximized; minimized

C) 0.400 or 40 percent; 2.5

Consider the following product structure. If the demand for product A is 30 units, and there are 10 units of B on hand and none of C, how many units of part D will be needed? A) 3 B) 40 C) 70 D) 90 E) 110

C) 70

Five jobs are waiting to be processed. Their processing times and due dates are given below. Using the earliest due date dispatching rule, in which order should the jobs be processed? Job Processing A 4 7 B 2 4 C 8 11 Time (days) D 3 5 E 5 8 A) C, E, A, D, B B) A, B, C, D, E C) B, D, A, E, C D) C, B, A, E, D E) B, D, A, C, E

C) B, D, A, E, C

Five jobs are waiting for processing through two work centers. Their processing time (in minutes) at each work center is contained in the table below. Each job requires work center Sigma before work center Delta. According to Johnson's rule, what sequence of jobs will minimize the completion time for all jobs? Job Sigma Delta R 40 10 S 25 30 T 50 20 U 35 35 V 55 15 A) R-S-T-U-V B) S-V-T-R-U C) S-U-T-V-R D) V-R-U-S-T E) R-V-T-S-U

C) S-U-T-V-R

Which of the following statements regarding Wheeled Coach is FALSE? A) Wheeled Coach has found competitive advantage through MRP. B) Wheeled Coach builds ambulances in a repetitive process. C) Wheeled Coach's MRP system allowed the company to meet tight schedules, but caused inventory to rise. D) Wheeled Coach's MRP system maintains excellent record integrity. E) Low inventory and high quality are two positive outcomes of Wheeled Coach's use of MRP.

C) Wheeled Coach's MRP system allowed the company to meet tight schedules, but caused inventory to rise.

Which of the following is an aid used to monitor jobs in progress? A) a Gantt load chart B) the assignment method C) a Gantt schedule chart D) Johnson's rule E) a Gantt progress chart

C) a Gantt schedule chart

Low-level coding means that: A) a final item has only a few levels in the BOM structure. B) the code being used is the code for the lowest level in the BOM structure. C) a component item is coded at the lowest level at which it appears in the BOM structure. D) the top level of the BOM is below level zero and that BOMs are not organized around the finished product. E) the lowest-paid staff member in the production department performs the coding.

C) a component item is coded at the lowest level at which it appears in the BOM structure.

The assignment method is: A) a method to highlight overloads in a given work center. B) a computerized method of determining appropriate tasks for an operation. C) a form of linear programming for optimally assigning tasks or jobs to resources. D) the same thing as the Gantt schedule chart. E) a method for achieving a balance between forward and backward scheduling.

C) a form of linear programming for optimally assigning tasks or jobs to resources.

The short-term scheduling activity called "loading": A) assigns dates to specific jobs or operations steps. B) specifies the order in which jobs should be done at each center. C) assigns jobs to work centers D) assigns workers to jobs. E) assigns workers to machines.

C) assigns jobs to work centers

Orders are processed in the sequence in which they arrive if (the) ________ rule sequences the jobs. A) earliest due date B) slack time remaining C) first come, first served D) critical ratio E) Johnson's

C) first come, first served

Which critical ratio value implies that a job is already late? A) more than 100 B) 1 C) less than 1 D) 10 E) 3.4

C) less than 1

A paint company mixes ten different base colors into 3,000 different color options. If production scheduling is organized around the ten different base colors , then the bills of material are classified as which of the following? A) phantom B) planning C) modular D) low-level E) A and B

C) modular

Sequencing (or dispatching): A) assigns dates to specific jobs or operations steps. B) assigns jobs to work centers. C) specifies the order in which jobs should be done at each center. D) assigns workers to jobs. E) assigns workers to machines.

C) specifies the order in which jobs should be done at each center.

Average completion time for a schedule sequence at a work center is the ratio of: A) total processing time to the number of jobs. B) total flow time to total processing time. C) total flow time to the number of jobs. D) total processing time plus total late time to the number of jobs. E) total flow time plus total late time to the number of jobs.

C) total flow time to the number of jobs.

The jobs listed below need to be completed. Assume that it is now day 140. If the jobs are sequenced according to the longest processing time rule, what is the lateness of job A? Job Processing A 20 180 B 30 200 C 10 175 D 16 230 E 18 210 A) 0.0 days B) 24.0 days C) 7.4 days D) 10.0 days E) 11.6 days

D) 10.0 days

Dependent demand and independent demand items differ in that: A) for any product, all components are dependent-demand items. B) the need for independent-demand items is forecast. C) the need for dependent-demand items is calculated. D) All of the above are true. E) None of the above is true.

D) All of the above are true.

What is a method of input-output control that uses a system of cards to limit the amount of work at a work center and also to control lead time and monitor backlog? A) the assignment method B) backward scheduling C) forward scheduling D) ConWIP cards E) level material use

D) ConWIP cards

Five jobs are waiting to be processed. Their processing times and due dates are given below. Using the shortest processing time dispatching rule, in which order should the jobs be processed? Job Processing A 4 7 B 7 4 C 8 11 D 3 5 E 5 8 A) A, B, C, D, E B) C, E, A, D, B C) B, D, A, E, C D) D, A, E, B, C E) C, E, A, B, D

D) D, A, E, B, C

Five jobs are waiting for processing through two work centers. Their processing time (in minutes) at each work center is contained in the table below. Each job requires work center Alpha before work center Beta. According to Johnson's rule, which job should be scheduled first in the sequence? Job Alpha Beta R 20 10 S 25 35 T 50 20 U 15 35 V 55 75 A) R B) S C) T D) U E) V

D) U

Five jobs are waiting for processing through two work centers. Their processing time (in minutes) at each work center is contained in the table below. Each job requires work center Alpha before work center Beta. According to Johnson's rule, what is the optimum sequence of jobs and the minimum time for completion of all jobs? Job Alpha Beta R 20 10 S 25 35 T 50 20 U 15 35 V 55 75 A) V-T-S-U-R; 225 B) U-R-T-S-V; 175 C) R-S-T-U-V; 240 D) U-S-V-T-R; 200 E) R-U-T-S-V; 175

D) U-S-V-T-R; 200

It is week 1 and there are currently 20 As in stock. We need 300 As at the start of week 5. If there are scheduled receipts planned for week 3 and week 4 of 120 As each and A has a lead time of 1 week, when and how large of an order should be placed to meet the requirement of 300 As? A) Week 1, 300 As B) Week 1, 40 As C) Week 5, 40 As D) Week 4, 40 As E) Week 4, 300 As

D) Week 4, 40 As

A recent advance in short-term scheduling that makes use of expert systems and simulation in solving dynamic scheduling problems is: A) forward scheduling. B) backward scheduling. C) infinite scheduling. D) finite capacity scheduling. E) progressive scheduling.

D) finite capacity scheduling.

Short-term schedules are prepared: A) directly from the aggregate plans. B) directly from the capacity plans. C) from inventory records for items that have been used up. D) from master schedules, which are derived from aggregate plans. E) from the purchasing plans.

D) from master schedules, which are derived from aggregate plans.

If an assignment problem consists of 6 workers and 7 projects: A) one worker will not get a project assignment. B) one worker will be assigned two projects. C) each worker will contribute work toward the seventh project. D) one project will not get a worker assigned. E) The problem cannot be solved by assignment method.

D) one project will not get a worker assigned.

What is the objective of scheduling? A) maximize quality B) minimize cost C) minimize response time D) prioritize and allocate demand to available facilities E) minimize lead time

D) prioritize and allocate demand to available facilities

Forward scheduling: A) begins with a delivery date, then offsets each operation one at a time, in reverse order. B) has the same meaning as "finite loading." C) is often used in service environments such as catering a banquet or scheduling surgery. D) starts the schedule as soon as the job requirements are known. E) produces a schedule only if it meets the due date.

D) starts the schedule as soon as the job requirements are known.

Demand for a given item is said to be dependent if: A) it originates from the external customer. B) there is a deep bill of material. C) the finished products are mostly services (rather than goods). D) there is a clearly identifiable parent. E) the item has several children.

D) there is a clearly identifiable parent.

Flow time represents the time: A) an order spends waiting for processing at a work center. B) an order spends being processed at a work center. C) an order spends moving from one work center to another. D) to complete an order, including time spent in processing and in waiting. E) none of the above

D) to complete an order, including time spent in processing and in waiting.

Which of the following is NOT a key direct benefit from effective internal or external scheduling? A) lower cost B) greater use of assets C) more dependable delivery D) higher quality E) added flexibility

D. Higher quality

Consider the following product structure. If the demand for product A is 50 units, how many units of component E will be needed? A) 4 B) 100 C) 200 D) 250 E) 300

E) 300

The minimum record accuracy required for successful MRP is approximately which of the following? A) lower than 90% B) 90% C) 95% D) 97% E) 99%

E) 99%

A grill assembly takes 20 washers. Instead of listing these washers separately, they are grouped into a single kit for production. How is the bill of material for the washers classified? A) "pseudo" B) planning C) modular D) low-level E) A and B

E) A and B

Which of the following is a limitation of rules-based dispatching systems? A) Rules need to be revised to adjust to changes in orders, product mix, and so forth. B) Rules may not recognize idle resources. C) Rules may not recognize bottleneck resources D) Rules may not be able to prioritize two jobs with identical due dates. E) All of the above are limitations.

E) All of the above are limitations.

What does the use of the shortest processing time sequencing rule generally produce? A) maximum average lateness B) maximum utilization C) maximum effectiveness D) minimum average flow time E) B and D

E) B and D

Using LPT priority would result in what sequence for Jobs A, B, C, and D if their process times are 4, 6, 5, and 2 respectively? A) ABCD B) DCBA C) DACB D) DABC E) BCAD

E) BCAD

Which of the following statements regarding scheduling at Delta Airlines is FALSE? A) About one flight in twenty is disrupted by weather events. B) Schedule changes at one airport have a ripple effect that may have impacts in many others. C) Delta's high-tech computer and communications system is located in Atlanta. D) Delta's rapid rescheduling uses mathematical scheduling models. E) Delta's rapid rescheduling promotes air safety and limits traveler inconvenience, but has not resulted in money savings for Delta.

E) Delta's rapid rescheduling promotes air safety and limits traveler inconvenience, but has not resulted in money savings for Delta.

Which of the following is an advantage of the FCFS dispatching rule when used in services? A) FCFS maximizes utilization. B) FCFS minimizes the average number of jobs in the system. C) FCFS minimizes the average lateness of all jobs. D) FCFS maximizes the number of jobs completed on time. E) FCFS seems fair to customers.

E) FCFS seems fair to customers.

When a set of jobs must pass through two workstations whose sequence is fixed, ________ is the sequencing rule most commonly applied. A) critical ratio B) earliest due date C) first come, first served D) slack time remaining E) Johnson's rule

E) Johnson's rule

Which of the following statements best compares modular bills and phantom bills? A) Both pertain to assemblies that are not inventoried. B) There is no difference between the two. C) Both pertain to assemblies that are inventoried. D) Modular bills are used for assemblies that are not inventoried, unlike phantom bills. E) Modular bills represent subassemblies that actually exist and are inventoried, while phantom bills represent subassemblies that exist only temporarily and are not inventoried.

E) Modular bills represent subassemblies that actually exist and are inventoried, while phantom bills represent subassemblies that exist only temporarily and are not inventoried.

Which of the following is NOT one of the four key tasks that Wheeled Coach insists are necessary for successful MRP implementation? A) The material plan must meet both schedule requirements and facility capabilities. B) The plan must be executed as designed. C) Inventory investment must be minimized. D) Excellent record integrity must be maintained. E) The process must adhere to stringent quality control standards.

E) The process must adhere to stringent quality control standards.

Effective use of MRP and other dependent demand models does not require which of the following? A) master production schedule B) bill of materials C) inventory availability D) lead times E) cost of individual components

E) cost of individual components

If safety stock is desired, it should be built into which portion of MRP? A) any B) none C) raw materials D) finished goods E) either C or D

E) either C or D

Which of the following considers process capacity when scheduling? A) cap loading B) constrained loading C) capacitated loading D) backward loading E) finite loading

E) finite loading

Which of the following is not an effectiveness criterion for scheduling? A) minimizing customer waiting time B) minimizing completion time C) minimizing WIP inventory D) maximizing utilization E) maximizing flow time

E) maximizing flow time