---------- semester 2-- Freshman

Pataasin ang iyong marka sa homework at exams ngayon gamit ang Quizwiz!

gravity causes... acceleration causes..

objects to accelerate downward, air resistance acts in the direction opposite to the motion and reduces acceleration.

aristotle

one of the first to use observation and logic for discoveries

when converting opposites are

opposite units equal

where are metric units used

other places

aluminum foil cut in half

p

butter melts on warm toast

p

clay molded in a new shape

p

juice box freezes

p

momentum abreviation

p

power abreviation

p

water evaporates

p

momentum formula

p=m*v

example of changing distance

paddle: little pull back big push forward

air resistance force example

parachuting

potential energy abbreviation

pe

what is the potential energy relative to the water surface of a diver at the top of a 10 meter high diving platform. Suppose she has a mass of 50 kilogram?

pe = 4900

potential energy equation (gravitational)

pe=mgh

While on a bike ride, a woman's bike gets a flat tire and she has to push it for 800 meters. She pushes on the bike with a force of 250 N. Calculate the work the woman does on the bike.

200,000 J

steps to solve problem

picture write down what its asking write starting equation rearrange equation plug in values and solve check

magnetic force example

pins on magnet

example of speeding up

plane taking off

another example of constant acceleration

plane taking off with the speed increasing the same amount each second

speed is always

positive

proton

positive inside

Positive slope

positive acceleration

distance is always a

positive number

electrical energy

the energy associated with electric charges

mechanical energy

the energy associated with the motion and position of everyday objects

kinetic energy

the energy of motion

nuclear energy

the energy stored in atomic nuclei

chemical energy

the energy stored in chemical bonds

magnetic force definition

the force a magnet exerts on another magnet, on iron or similar metal, or on moving charges

weight

the force of gravity acting on an object

tension force

the force that is transmitted through a string, rope, cable or wire when it is pulled tight by forces acting from opposite ends.

Gravity Force

the force with which the earth, moon, or other massively large object attracts another object towards itself.

both gravity and air resistance affect

the motion of a falling abject

free fall

the movement of an object toward earth solily because of gravity

Normal Force

the support force exerted upon an object that is in contact with another stable object.

A child pulls a wagon with a force of 60 N. After an unknown distance, the child has done 180 J of work on the wagon. Calculate the distance the child pulled the wagon.

3 meters

A conveyor belt does 3,200 J of work in 80 seconds. Calculate the power of the conveyor belt.

40 Watts

An object has a mass of 6 kg and has a momentum of 50 kg · m/s. Calculate the velocity of the object.

8.3 m/s

a sail boat travels at a speed of 5 m/s for a distance of 400m calculate the time

80 seconds

if there is zero net force then..

the object does not accelerate

efficiency

the percentage of the work input that becomes work output

elastic potential energy

the potential energy of an object that is stretched or compressed

what is horsepower

the power of an engine measured in terms of horses

momentum

the product of an object's mass and its velocity.

work

the product of force and distance. It requires motion and depends on direction

instantaneous velocity

the rate at which an object is moving and direction at a given moment in time

instantaneous speed

the rate at which an object is moving at a given moment in time

acceleration

the rate at which velocity changes

speed

the ratio of the distance an object moves to the amount of time the object moves

pressure force definition

the result of a force distributed over an area

force abbreviation

F

net force equation

F = F1 + F2

air resistance force abbreviation

F air

applied force abreviation

F app

F1= -500N F2=500N F=?

F= 0N

velocity

the speed and direction in which an object is moving

instantaneous acceleration

Is how fast a velocity is changing at a specific instant.

work SI unit

Joule (J)

The molecules in a hot Starbucks coffee are moving at a speed of 234,500 m/s. A molecule of coffee has a mass of 0.5 kg. Determine the type and sub-type of energy the coffee molecules have, and then calculate the amount of energy of this type.

Kinetic Thermal ke= 13,747,562,500

nuclear force definition

the strong nuclear force and the weaker nuclear force act within the nucleus to hold it together

where are imperial units used

U.S.

An extreme bungee jumper leaps off a helicopter and falls downwards.

V I A I I I V V negative

A PERSON JOGS 4.0 KILOMETERS IN 32 MINUTES, THEN 2.0 KILOMETERS IN 22 MINUTES, AND FINALLY 1.0 KILOMETER IN 16 MINUTES. CALCULATE THE JOGGER'S AVERAGE SPEED IN KM/MIN

0.1 ki/min

you travel 35 meters in 60 secongs folloed by 53 meters in 80 second what is the average speed

0.6 m/s

A car begins speeding up to the right from rest to a final velocity of + 5 m/s for a time of 8 seconds. Calculate the car's acceleration.

0.6 m/s2

what is one newton equivalent to

1 N = 1 kg•m/s2

of you go up 30m then to the right 3 s on a graph what is the m/s

10 m/s

the force of rolling friction is about ________ to __________ times less than the force of static or sliding friction

100 1000

A rocket blasts off with an initial velocity of +150 m/s and an acceleration of 45 m/s2 If it travels for 30 seconds, what is the rocket's final velocity?

Vf = 1,500

free (-9.8 m/s2) t (4s) Vf (-52 m/s) Vi (?)

Vi -12.8 m/s

A bus slows down to a stop in 7 seconds. Its acceleration is -0.7 m/s2 . What was the bus's initial velocity?

Vi 4.9 m/s

weight abbreviation

W

On the moon, the acceleration due to gravity is 1.6 m/s2. Calculate the weight of the piece of paper on the moon.

W = 0.016N

On earth, where the acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2. A piece of paper has a mass of 0.01 kg. Calculate the weight of the paper.

W = 0.98N

If an astronaut has a mass of 112 kilograms, what is her weight on Earth where the acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2?

W = 1097.6N

what is the relationship between mass and weight

Weight is the product mass and acceleration due to gravity

lift force definition

an upward force due to a pressure difference between the top and bottom of a wing

who are the three scientists

aristotle newton galileo

always remember to put the in displacement equation

arrow

newtons 2nd law

as the net force increases, the acceleration will increase as the mass increases the acceleration will decrease

atomic mass is

at the bottom

atomic number is

at the top

proton # is the same as

atomic number

two types of speed

average speed instantanious speed

difference between average speed and instantaneous speed

average- the total distance divided by the time instantaneous- the rate of an object at a given moment

wedge examples

axe blades on scissors

electrical energy examples

battery flashlight

element symbol is

big letter(s)

thermal energy examples

boiling water heat pack

nuclear energy examples

bomb

A leaf blows in the wind 8 meters to the south and then blows 8 meters to the east. Calculate the leaf's displacement and total distance.

disp= 11.3 SE dis= 16m

Jessica walks 17 meters north. She stops for lunch and then walks 5 meters east. Calculate Jessica's displacement and total distance.

disp= 17.7m NE dis = 22m

tom walks 10m then -7m then 2m. hiw far did he walk

disp= 5m dis= 19m

A fertilizer spreader moves 3 meters to the north and then moves 4 meters to the west. Calculate the spreader's displacement and total distance.

disp= 5m NW dis= 7m

A missile is launched 30 meters to the north and then it turns to travel 60 meters to the east. Calculate the missile's displacement and total distance.

disp= 67.1 NE dis= 90m

A runner jogs 10 meters north and then 20 meters west. Calculate the jogger's displacement and distance.

distance = 30m displacement=22.4 NW

A bird flies 7 meters south and then flies 2 meters west. Calculate the bird's displacement and distance.

distance = 9 m displacement=7.3 m SW

difference between distance and displacement

distance is the length of the path and displacement is the straight line

simple machine examples

door wedge water bottle cap hill

average velocity

the total distance and direction traveled divided by the time it takes to travel that distance

average speed

the total distance traveled divided by the time it takes to travel that distance

thermal energy

the total potential and kinetic energy of all the microscopic particles in an object

constant acceleration

the velocity increases or decreases the same amount each second

as objects fall to the ground

they accelerate and gain speed

what did isaac newton do

tied all the other peoples info together the 3 laws of motion

tension force examples

tire swing

what to look for on graphs

titles

pulley examples

to hoist sails theater curtains

law of conservation of momentum

total momentum before a collision is equal to the total momentum after a collision

element name is

under symbol

air resistances goes

up

positive acceleration

up right

A baseball has a momentum of 45 kg· m/s and has a mass of 0.145 kg. Calculate the velocity of the baseball.

v = 310.3 m/s

velocity equation

v = d/t

work abreviaton

w

weight formula (newton's second law)

w = mg

A girl pulls a wagon to the left with a force of 350 N for a distance of 25m what it the power

w =8,750 J

work equation triangle

w=f*d

power si unit

watt (W)

weight vs. mass

weight is the force of gravity working on a trial mass is the amount of matter in an object

protons determine

what element it is

chemical reaction

when a chemical change takes place

thrust force definition

when a system pushes or accelerates mass in one direction there is a force just as large in the opposite direction

easy thing for inertia

when acted on by an unbalanced force the object tries to keep the same motion as before the force

how is momentum conserved

when objects collide the momentum is passed

what produces energy in chemical energy

when the bonds are broken

what increases thermal energy

when the objects atoms move faster

pressure force examples

when you cut a piece of fruit stop a cut from bleeding pop a pimple needle through cloth when sewing

gravitational force examples

when you flip a pancake you can walk not float when you get your hair cut your hair falls to the ground

__________ is the product of force and distance, and it requires _____________ caused by _________and depends on _______________

work motion force direction

work calculation

work = force * distance

speed is always on the

x axis

distance is always on

y axis

differences between d t graph and v t graph

y axis is different measures two different things

where does the y and x go

y up and down x side to side

yard thing

yd

A bowling ball (7 kg) and a tennis ball (1 kg) have a collision. Before the collision the bowling ball has a velocity of 2 m/s and the tennis ball is at rest. After the collision the bowling ball is at rest and the tennis ball has a velocity of 14 m/s. Was momentum conserved during the collision?

yes

AgNO^3 + NaCl ----> AgCl + NaNO^3

yes

C^4H^8 + 6 O^2 ----> 4 CO^2 + 4 H^2O

yes

net force

The overall force acting on an object after all the forces are combined

pulley

a simple machine that consists of a rope that fits into a groove in a wheel

inclined plane

a slanted surface along which a force moves an object to a different elevation.

air resistance force

a special type of frictional force that acts upon objects as they travel through the air

what is a constant acceleration

a steady change in velocity

wheel and axle

a type of simple machine consisting of two disks or cylinders with different radii.

electron cloud

a visual model of the most likely locations for electrons in an atom.

D-2 equation

a2 + b2 = c2

you are bumper carting and hit your friends cart

action force- the force your bumper car exerts on the other car reaction force- the force the other car exerts on your car

if you kick a wall

action force- the force your foot exerts on the wall reaction force- the force that the wall exerts on you

action force vs reaction force

action is what you do reaction is what happens because of it

lift force examples

air plane bird tennis ball spray bottle

type of fluid friction

air resistance

nuclear force examples

all matter

electrons are

always moving

watt

amount of power it takes to do something

joule

amount of work it takes to move a body

gravitational force

an attractive force that acts between any two masses

what does the 1st law say

an object wont move unless the net force is unbalanced

kilometers per second

km/s

zero displacement

lap around a track

use kilometers for

large distances

mechanical energy examples

leaf falling riding down a hill

applied force example

leaning on a wall

where can displacement 2-D go

left to right up and down

distance

length of the path between two points

simple machines

lever wheel and axle inclined plane wedge screw pulley

law of conservation of energy example

light bulb playing pool

a fluid can be a __________ or a ___________

liquid gas

inclined plane examples

loading ramp steep road

distance can be

lots of turns

distance si unit

m

mass abreviatoin

m

meter

m

A wagon is pushed with a net force of 300 N and it accelerates at a rate of 1.5 m/s2. Calculate the mass of the wagon.

m = 200 kg

A wagon is pushed with a net force of 300 N and it accelerates at a rate of 1.5 m/s2. Calculate the mass of the wagon.

m = 200kg

A rocket blasts off with a net force of 2,000,000 N and an acceleration of 50 m/s2. Calculate the mass of the rocket.

m = 40,000 kg

A train car has a momentum of 40,000 kg· m/s and is traveling at a velocity of 8.5 m/s. Calculate the train's mass.

m = 4705.9 kg

A 25-N force accelerates a boy in a wheelchair at 0.5 m/s2. What is the mass of the boy and the wheelchair?

m = 50kg

On earth (g = 9.8 m/s2), a SJA student has an average weight of 500 N. Calculate the mass of an average student.

m = 51kg

A swimmer pushes off the wall to the left with a force of -40 N and accelerates at a rate of -0.6 m/s2. Calculate the swimmer's mass.

m = 66.7 kg

A swimmer pushes off the wall to the left with a force of -40 N and accelerates at a rate of -0.6 m/s2. Calculate the swimmer's mass.

m = 66.7 m/s^2

meters per hour

m/hr

meters per minute

m/min

initial velocity si unit

m/s

meters per second

m/s

speed si unit

m/s

velocity si unit

m/s

speed stuff

m/s number and unit always positive

velocity stuff

m/s number unit and direction

SI unit for acceleration

m/s 2

acceleration si unit

m/s2

gravity SI unit

m/s2

Calculate the mass of an object on Earth (g = 9.8 m/s2) that has a weight of 200 N.

m= 20.4 kg

compound

made from two or more simpler substances, joined in a fixed proportion

1-D displacement

man walking in a line

law of conservation of mass

mass cannot be created or desroyed

what measures distance

meter

displacement si unit

meter (m)

distance si units

meters

STEM usually uses

metric units

mile thing

mi

use for meters for

mid-distances

imperial units

mile inch foot yard

minutes

min

three types of mixtures

mixture of: elements compounds compounds and elements

millimeters

mm

how is gravity different on the moon and on jupiter

moon less heavy jupiter heavier

more mass equals

more inertia

what is needed in order for force to do work

motion and force in the same direction

what do unbalanced forces do

moves or stops object

electron

negative outside

Negative slope

negative acceleration

neutrons

neutral inside

weight SI unit

newton (N)

nanometer

nm

Hg + O^2 ----> HgO

no

yes or no Cu + O^2

no

yes or no KNO^3 ----> KNO^2 + O^2

no

yes or no Mg + 2HCl --> H^2 + MgCl^2

no

yes or no H^2O^2 --> H^2 O+ O^2

no

No slope

no acceleration/constant vel.

are the 3rd laws forces cancelled out

no bc they are on different objects

A car travels at 30 m/s along a straight road for 200 seconds.

none

ball rolls in a straight line for the same speed

none

what 3 parts to displacement answer

number unit direction

parts to answer distance

number unit

time abreviation

t

a standard light bulb has a wattage of 60 W. If the work the light bulb does is 48,000 J, for what amount of time is the light bulb on

t 800s

A boat accelerates to the left at a rate -9 m/s2. During an unknown time, the boat increases its speed from -18 m/s to -45 m/s. Calculate the unknown time

t = 7s

centripetal force examples

tether ball spacecraft orbiting earth driving in a circle

what did aristotle propose

that force is required to keep an object moving at constant speed

buoyancy definition

the ability of a fluid (including a gass) to exert an upward force on an object placed in it

what is energy

the ability to do work

electric force definition

the attraction or repulsion between electrically charged objects

displacement definition

the direction and length from the starting to endpoint

what direction does an object accelerate

the direction of the net force

# of electrons is

# of protons

efficiency si unit

%

how to determine the direction of acceleratoin

- draw an arrow pointing in the direction the object's motion - draw an arrow pointing in the direction of the object's acceleration -Object is speeding up, arrow goes in the same direction as motion -Object is slowing down, arrow goes in opposite direction of motion

car moving to the right slowing down

--------> V negative <-------- A

car moving to the right speeding up

--------> V positive --------> A

a bicyclist is moving to the right at a speed of 4 m/s. She slows to a stop. Is the bicyclist's acceleration positive or negative

-------> V <------- A negative

a car is at rest begins speeding up to the right at the rate of 2 m/s2. Is the car's acceleration positive or negative

------> V ------> A positive

A rock is dropped from rest. It reaches a velocity of -50 m/s in 5 seconds. Calculate the rock's acceleration.

-10 m/s

A cheetah is initially running to the right at a speed of +30 m/s. It slows down to a speed of +4 m/s in a time of 13 seconds. Calculate the cheetah's acceleration.

-2 m/s2

a cheetah sprints 100m to the left in 20s what is the chetahs velocity in m/s

-5 m/s

what is the rate at which all objects fall

-9.8 m/s 2

if you start at one point then end at the same point the displacement is

0

A semi-truck has a mass of 36,000 kg. If it is moving with a velocity of 40 m/s, what is the semi-truck's momentum?

1440000 kg*m/s

A TRAIN TRAVELS 190 KILOMETERS IN 3.0 HOURS, AND THEN 120 KILOMETERS IN 2.0 HOURS. CF: 1,000 M = 1KM & 1HR = 3,600 S CALCULATE THE TRAIN'S AVERAGE SPEED IN M/S.

17.2 m/s

electrons in third ring

18

A CAR HAS A SPEED OF 30 M/S. IT MAINTAINS THAT SPEED FOR 6 S. CALCULATE THE DISTANCE THE CAR TRAVELLED.

180 m

electrons in first ring

2

2O^2 ????

2*2

A Great Dane has a mass of 100 kg and a momentum of 250 kg · m/s. Calculate the velocity of the dog.

2.5 m/s

A bullet train rushes through the countryside at 200 m/s and has a momentum of 600,000 kg · m/s. Calculate the train's mass.

3000 kg

electrons in fourth ring

32

A person does the same amount of work as the conveyor belt (3,200 J), but the person's power is much less (10 W). Do you think it will take a person more or less time to do this work? Check your answer.

320 seconds

A weight lifter raises a 1600-newton barbell to a height of 2.0 meters. Calculate the work the weightlifter has done on the barbell?

3200 J

A bowling ball has a mass of 7.26 kg. A super striker rolls the ball with a velocity of 6.2 m/s. Calculate the momentum of the bowling ball.

45.012 kg*m/s

how many rings on an atom

5

electrons in fifth ring

50

F1= -50N F2= 120N F= ?

70 N

one horsepower =

746 watts

if a machine requires 10.0 J of work input to operate to produce 7.5 J of work output. What is the machine's efficiency?

75%

electrons in second ring

8

Usain Bolt runs at a velocity of 10 m/s. If his momentum is 950 kg · m/s, what is his mass?

95 kg

A dog running to the right sees the dog catcher ahead and slows to a stop.

<-------- A --------> V negative

car moving to the left slowing down

<-------- V positive ---------A

A dragster starts from rest and increases its speed steadily to the right for 10 seconds.

A --------> v---------> positive

physical change

A change in the physical form of a substance, but does not change the chemical composition of the substance

chemical change

A change that impacts the chemical structure of a sample. In other words, changes a substance into a new substance.

sliding friction

A force that opposes the direction of motion of an object as it slides over a surface.

A semi-truck moving to the left suddenly slams on its brakes and comes to a stop.

A--------> V -------> positive

newtons 1st law

An object at rest stays at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced net force

Types of Forces

Applied force (wind blowing, person pushing) Gravity force Normal/supporting force Friction force Air resistance force Tension force

Why is Newton's 3rd Law in the same section as momentum?

Collisions

displacement 1-D equation

Df - Di = displacement

force of gravity

Earth's gravity acts downward toward the center of Earth.

friction force abbreviation

Ff

gravity force abreviation

Fg

normal force abreviation

Fn

tension force abbreviaton

Ft

A rock is thrown down off a cliff. Is the rock's acceleration positive or negative

I I I I V V negative

rock free falling towards earth

I V I A I I I I V V

Your pencil rolls of your desk and falls to the floor.

I V I A I I V V negative

how does work require motion

If there is no movement, no work is done

SI unit for force

N (newton)

fluid friction

Opposes the motion of an object through a fluid.

While removing snow from a driveway, a snow blower does 12,000 N of work in 300 s. Calculate the power of the snow blower.

P= 40W

A BASE jumper with a mass of 80 kg stands atop a 465 m cliff. Determine the type and sub-type of energy the BASE jumper has, and then calculate the amount of energy of this type.

Potential Graavitational pe=364.560

static friction

The friction force that acts on objects that are not moving.

rolling friction

The friction force that acts on rolling objects.

You throw a ball straight into the air with an initial velocity of 6 m/s and it comes to a stop in mid-air.

^ V I A I I I V negative

A pulley raises a stack of wood with a steadily increasing speed.

^ V ^ A I I I I positive

acceleration abbreviation

a

A crate has a mass of 30 kg and a man is pushing it to the left with a net force of -2.5 N. Calculate the crate's acceleration.

a = -0.1 m/s2

A helicopter has a mass of 14,000 kg and has a net force upward of 20,000 N. Calculate the helicopter's acceleration.

a = 1.4 m/s2

A boy pushes forward a cart of groceries with a total mass of 40.0 kg. What is the acceleration of the cart if the net force on the cart is 60.0 N?

a = 1.5m/s2

A rock has a mass of 0.5 kg and a river is exerting a net force of 16 N on it. Calculate the rock's acceleration.

a = 32m/s2

An automobile with a mass of 1000 kilograms accelerates when the traffic light turns green. If the net force on the car is 4000 newtons, what is the car's acceleration?

a = 4 m/s2

acceleration equation

a = Vf - Vi/t

newtons second law formula

a = f / m

wedge

a V-shaped object whose sides are two inclined planes sloped toward each other.

compound machines

a combination of two or more simple machines that operate together

what is a machine

a device that changes a force

Force and Motion

a force can cause a resting object to move, or it can accelerate a moving object by changing the object's speed or direction

Applied Force

a force that is applied to an object by a person or another object.

friction force

a force that opposes the motion of objects that they touch as they move past each other

Friction

a force that opposes the motion of objects that touch as they move past each other.

which requires more power : mowing the lawn with a lawnmower or cutting the grass with scissors

a lawnmower because it is the same amount of work in a quicker time

force

a push or pull that acts on an object

chemical equation

a representation of a chemical reaction in which the reactants and products are expressed as formulas.

lever

a rigid bar that is free to move around a fixed point, called a fulcrum.

Sariah's 0.04-kg pencil falls from her desk. When the pencil has fallen 0.25 m, it is moving with a velocity of 2.45 m/s. Determine the type(s) and sub-type of energy the pencil has as it is falling, then calculate the amount of each type of energy.

both mechanical pe= 0.098

similarities between d t graph and v t graph

both constant and positive x is time on both they both have velocity in a way

displacement is always

both directions

Which has more momentum, a 0.046-kg golf ball with a speed of 60.0 m/s, or a 7.0-kg bowling ball with a speed of 6.0 m/s?

bowling ball

2-D displacement

boy walking home

bread becomes toast

c

digesting food

c

frying an egg

c

lighting a match

c

lighting gasoline

c

milk going sour

c

tarnished silver

c

how to determine instantaneous velocity/ speed

calculate the slope between given points positive slope= positive velocity negative slope = negative velocity

what did newton invent

calculus

chemical energy examples

car burning gas drinking 5hr energy

example of changing force

car jack: little push down is a big push up on car

example of change in direction

carousel

types of acceleration

change in: speed direction speed and direction

what 3 things does a machine do

change the size of a force needed the direction of a force the distance over which the force acts

centimeters thing

cm

centimeters per minute

cm/min

centimeters per second

cm/s

types of chemical changes

color product of gas (bubbles) combustion or burning

example of slowing down

coming to a stop in a car

mixture

composition is not fixed, properties may vary

normal force example

computer on desk

distance abreviation

d

symbol for distance

d

A bus starts at 5 m and moves to -60 m. What is the bus's distance and displacement?

d = 65 m

A snail starts moving at 0 m and stops moving at 75 m. What is the snail's distance and displacement?

d = 75 m

when there are multiple distances in a 1-D problem

d= d1 + d2 + d3.......

when there are two distances in a 2-D problem

d= d1 +d2

when there is one distance in a 1-D problem

d= d1 = delta d

what is the thing for displacement

delta (triangle) d

snail starts at 0 m and stops at 75 m what is the d and delta d

delta d = +75m d = 75 m

if i start at 50m then go to 15m then to 35m then finish at -5m what is the delta d and the d

delta d = -55m d = 95m

equation for 2-D problems or triangle problems

delta d = c a2 + b2= c2

equation for 1-D problems or number line problems

delta d = df - di

bus starts at 5 m and goes to -60 m what is the d and delta d

delta d= -65m d = 65m

how to tell the difference between p and c change

did it form a new substace

acceleration always has a

direction

distance has no

direction

kids on a mary-go-round

direction

work depends on

direction

A marching band marches 9 meters to the south and then marches 6 meters to the west. Calculate the marching band's displacement and total distance.

disp= 10.8 m SW dis = 15m

gravity goes

down

negative acceleration

down left

always ___ for displacement

draw a picture

way to remember axis

dry mix

efficiency abbreviation

eff

efficiency equation

eff = Wo/Wi * 100

A person inputs 1,000 J of work into a machine, the machine's work output is only 630 J. Calculate the machine's efficiency.

eff= 63%

gravitational potential energy

energy an object possesses because of its position in a gravitational field.

law of conservation of energy

energy cannot be created or destroyed

how are energy and work related

energy is the ability to do work

Newtons 3rd law of motion

every action has an equal but opposite reaction

how are action fores and reaction forces related

every action has an equal reaction

A ball is kicked with an unknown force to the left. The ball has a mass of 1 kg and is accelerating to the left at -4.5 m/s2. Calculate the net force on the ball.

f = -4.5 N

A plant is at rest and has a mass of 45 kg. Calculate the net force acting on the plant.

f = 0 N

A plant is at rest and has a mass of 45 kg. Calculate the net force acting on the plant.

f = 0N

An automobile with a mass of 1200 kg accelerates at a rate of 3.0 m/s2 in the forward direction. What is the net force acting on the automobile?

f = 3600N

A car has a mass of 15,000 kg and it accelerates at a rate of 3 m/s2 from a man pushing it. Calculate the net force on the car.

f= 45,00N

A man holds a box that weighs 15,00N stationary above his head for 30 seconds. The work done on the box 450,000 J True or False

false

Df

final end point

friction is the opp of what

force

what causes motion in work

force

work needs

force and motion

centripetal force definition

force continuously changes the direction of an object to make it move in a circle

Newton

force that causes a 1-kilogram mass to accelerate at a rate of 1 meter per second each second (1 m/s2 )

balanced forces

forces that combine to produce a net force of zero.

example of constant acceleration

free fall

why is the efficiency never 100%

friction

foot thing

ft

gravity abbreviation

g

The astronaut's mass of 112 kilograms does not change, but now her weight is 2,500 N? Calculate the acceleration due to gravity

g = 22.3 m/s2

An object has a mass of 6 kg and on Jupiter is has a weight of 147 N. Calculate the acceleration due to gravity on Jupiter.

g = 24.5 m/s2

An object has a mass of 100 kg and on Mars has a weight of 370 N. Calculate the acceleration due to gravity on Mars.

g = 37 m/s2

electric force examples

going down a slide combing your hair lightning rubbing your socks on the floor

what are the two types of potential energy

gravitational and elastic

example of inertia 2

hitting the bottom of the pool with your head your skull stops but the brain keeps going

potential energy (gravity) examples

holding a phone rock on a cliff

what does nuclear energy do

holds the nucleus of an atom together

what did galileo study

how gravity produces constant acceleration

horsepower abbreviation

hp

hours

hr

secret to check

if the arrow is negative then negative displacement if the arrow is positive then positive displancement

inch thing

in

acceleration on an object is

in the direction of the net force

how do you increase power

increase amount of work

reducing friction.....

increases efficiency

car driving down road increasing speed

increases speed

how does newtons first law relate to inerita

inertia says that an object at motion will stay in motion and an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by another force. this is the first law

Di

initial start point

unbalanced force

is a force that results when the net force acting on an object is not equal to zero

screw

is an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.

matter

is anything that has mass and takes up space

potential energy

is energy that is stored as a result of position or shape

terminal velocity

is the constant velocity of a falling object when the force of air resistance equals the force of gravity.

mass

is the measure of the amount of material an object contains

power

is the rate of doing work

inertia

is the tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion

when there is one distance id a d1 problem

it equals the displacement

when you kick a ball with a momentum of 4 the ball then has the same momentum

it is conserved

energy si unit

joule

kinetic energy abbreviation

ke

kinetic energy formula

ke = 1/2 mv^2

a 0.10 kilogram bird is flying at a constant speed of 8 m/s. What is the bird's kinetic energy?

ke= 3.2 J

what do balanced force do

keeps an object at rest

kilogram

kg

mass SI unit

kg

momentum si unit

kg*m/s

what measures mass

kilogram

what are the metric units

kilometer centimeter millimeter nanometer

In a copper wire, copper atoms move at a speed of 3,000 m/s in order to conduct electricity. A copper atom has a mass of 0.064 kg. Determine the type and sub-type of energy a copper atom has in this scenario. Then calculate, the amount of energy of this type.

kinetic electric ke= 288,000

forms of energy

kinetic energy potential energy mechanical energy thermal energy chemical energy electrical energy nuclear energy

kilometers thing

km

kilometers per hour

km/hr

A protein bar has an unknown amount of energy within it. Shelley (m = 55 kg) eats the protein bar before her big game. During the game, she runs at an average velocity of 0.5 m/s. Assuming all of the energy from the protein bar was transferred into Shelley's kinetic energy in the big game, calculate how much energy the protein bar had. Also determine the type and sub-type of energy in the protein bar.

potential chemical ke- 6.9J

An atomic bomb utilizes radioactive atoms undergoing fission to wreak destruction. However, before the atomic bomb explodes it has A LOT of energy within it. Determine the type and sub-type of energy. You do not need to perform a calculation.

potential nuclear

mechanical energy is the sum of what

potential energy kinetic energy

doing work fast requires more

power

power equation

power = work/ time

how are work and power related

power is the work done in a certain time

parts of an atom

proton neutron electron

example of direction of force

pulley: pulling down pulls the object up

two parts of a chemical equation

reaction product

how to calculate slope

rise over run

thrust force examples

rocket plane swimming

example of change in speed and direction

roller coaster

kinetic energy examples

running throwing a ball

example of inertia 1

running then stopping your feet stop but your body goes forward

seconds

s

speed abbreviation is

s

time si unit

s

During a car chase, a police officer pursues a suspect at a constant speed of 50 m/s along a straight road. The suspect steadily gets further away from the police officer. Answer for both the police officer and suspect.

s- speeding up p- none

speed equation

s= d/t

compound machine examples

scissors cars washing machines clocks

screw examples

screw water bottle wine opener

lever examples

seesaw crowbar screwdriver taking of paint lids

types of physical change

shape mixing two substances phase change (ice melting) property change

neutrons mass is ___________ to a protons

similar

gravity force example

sky diving

friction force example

sliding a book on a desk

what does air resistance do

slow down

bus is coming to a stop

slowing down

fluid friction does what to an object

slows it down

us centimeters or millimeters for

small distances

electrons are _______ then protons

smaller

mass is in what forms

solids liquids and gases

steeper the slope the higher the

speed

slope is

speed or velocity

what does gravity do

speed up

types of change in speed

speeding up slowing down

what is the most force to least

static sliding rolling

sliding friction is less than....

static friction

4 main types of friction

static friction, sliding friction, rolling friction, and fluid friction.

wheel and axle examples

steering wheel screw driver

displacement

straight line from one point to another

potential energy (elastic) examples

stretching rubber band pulling leggings

element

substance that contains only one type of atom, cannot be broken into simpler substances

Car #1 has a mass of 5,000 kg and Car #2 has a mass of 10,000 kg. Before a collision Car #1 has a velocity of 2 m/s and Car #2 is at rest. After the collision, Car #1 is at rest and Car #2 has a velocity of 1 m/s. Was momentum conserved during the collision?

yes

yes or no 2 C^2H^2 + 5 O^2 -----> 4 CO^2 + 2 H^2O

yes

yes or no 2 K + 2 H^2O -----> 2 KOH + H^2

yes

yes or no 2Na + Cl^2 --> 2NaCl

yes

yes or no C^2H^4 + 3O^3 --> 2CO^2 + 2 H^2O

yes

yes or no HCl + NaOH ----> H^2O + NaCl

yes

The Joker ride at Six Flags rocks back and forth. It comes to a stop at its high point and then swings back down.

yes all

A horse sprints around a circular track at a constant speed of 3.5 m/s.

yes change in direction

A pitcher releases a softball with an initial speed of 40 m/s. When the catcher catches the ball, its speed it 0 m/s.

yes slow down

A dragster starts from rest and increases its speed steadily for 10 seconds.

yes speed up

buoyancy examples

you float more in the ocean more then a pool you can lift more in a pool boats in water balloon filled with helium will float better that with air

in order to have a large momentum

you need a large product of mass and velocity

on the moon and in space......

your mass is the same

the momentum for an object at rest is

zero


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