Sherpath: Female Reproductive System

Place the changes in female sexual maturation in the typical order of occurrence. -Menstruation -Breast development -Pubic hair development -Axillary hair growth

-Breast development -Pubic hair development -Axillary hair growth -Menstruation

Which hormones are responsible for development of female secondary sex characteristics? Select all that apply. -Oxytocin -Estrogen -Prolactin -Progesterone -Luteinizing hormone

-Estrogen Estrogen is released from the ovaries and is responsible for development of female secondary sex characteristics. -Progesterone Progesterone is released from the ovaries and is responsible for development of female secondary sex characteristics.

Which noticeable change is first expected during the process of sexual maturation in females? A. Development of breast buds B. Increasing height and weight C. Secretion of endometrial glands D. Growth of axillary and pubic hair

A. Development of breast buds Development of breast buds is the first noticeable change expected during the process of sexual maturation in females.

How do hormones affect the female reproductive cycle? A. A decrease in estrogen causes fertilization. B. An abrupt increase in luteinizing hormone (LH) causes ovulation. C. Increased progesterone stimulates follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion. D. A sudden increase in human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) causes the corpus luteum to regress.

B. An abrupt increase in luteinizing hormone (LH) causes ovulation. An abrupt increase in LH is responsible for ovulation during the female reproductive cycle.

Which description represents the normal anatomical structure of the external os of the cervix in a nullipara? A. Rounded with tags B. Curved and smooth C. Large, slit-like opening D. Irregular and softened

B. Curved and smooth The normal anatomical structure of the external os of the cervix in a nullipara should be curved and smooth.

Which statement explains how a 5-year-old female could present with pubic hair growth? A. Estrogen is released prematurely by the anterior pituitary. B. Luteinizing hormone (LH) is released in large quantities from the ovaries. C. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is released prematurely by the hypothalamus. D. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is released in large quantities from the hypothalamus.

C. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is released prematurely by the hypothalamus. A 5-year-old female who presents with pubic hair growth is experiencing isosexual precocious puberty caused by premature release of GnRH.

Development of female breast tissue is related to which process of sexual maturation? A. Luteinizing hormone production B. Oxytocin production by pituitary C. Release of estrogen from ovaries D. Release of prolactin from breasts

C. Release of estrogen from ovaries Estrogen is released from the ovaries and is responsible for breast development related to female sexual maturation.

Match the female reproductive structure with its role during childbirth. -Muscle contracts to expel fetus -Fibrous tissue opens to accommodate fetus's passage into the birth canal -Muscle expands as fetus moves through birth canaL -Muscle stretches as fetal head emerges Perineum Uterus Fallopian tube Cervix Ovary Vagina

-Muscle contracts to expel fetus: Uterus -Fibrous tissue opens to accommodate fetus's passage into the birth canal: Cervix -Muscle expands as fetus moves through birth canal: Vagina -Muscle stretches as fetal head emerges: Perineum

Which statements describe how the uterus, ovaries, and Fallopian tubes function together to assist in conception? Select all that apply. -Ovaries mature the ovum. -The uterus stores glycogen. -Fallopian tubes transport the ovum. -The uterus supports pelvic structures. -The ovary releases follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).

-Ovaries mature the ovum. The ovaries develop an ovum to maturity during each reproductive cycle to assist in conception. -The uterus stores glycogen. The uterus prepares for conception during each reproductive cycle by storing large quantities of glycogen, proteins, lipids, and minerals in the endometrium. -Fallopian tubes transport the ovum. The Fallopian tubes transport the ovum during each reproductive cycle to assist in conception.

Match the phase of the ovarian cycle with its primary action -Ovum matures -Follicle ruptures -Cells from follicle persist

-Ovum matures: Ischemic phase -Follicle ruptures: Secretory phase -Cells from follicle persist: Follicular phase

Which effect would secretion of human chorionic gonadotropin during the luteal phase have on the endometrial cycle of the female reproductive cycle? A. Lack of menstruation B. Release of multiple ova C. Necrosis of the endometrium D. Decreased levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A. Lack of menstruation Human chorionic gonadotropin is secreted from a fertilized ovum and results in maintenance of the corpus luteum and lack of menstruation during the endometrial cycle.

How does the endometrium assist in the reproductive cycle? A. The myometrium causes blood loss during menarche. B. The functional layer of the endometrium releases estrogen and progesterone. C. The functional layer of the endometrium is shed during the menstrual period. D. The basal layer of the endometrium regenerates the myometrium each month.

C. The functional layer of the endometrium is shed during the menstrual period. The functional layer of the endometrium is shed during each menstrual period and is responsible for blood loss during menarche.

Which physical change indicates impending ovulation? A. Necrotic endometrium B. Thin, stringy cervical mucus C. Thickened endometrial secretions D. Dilation of endometrial blood vessels

C. Thin, stringy cervical mucus Thin, stringy cervical mucus aids sperm entry into the uterus and that indicates impending ovulation.

Which statement best describes the function of the Fallopian tube? A. Receives the male sperm B. Contracts to expel a fetus C. Transports ovum to uterus D. Contains mammary glands

C. Transports ovum to uterus The function of the Fallopian tube is best described as transporting an ovum to the uterus.

In which way is the hypothalamus responsible for sexual maturation? A. It produces estrogen to stimulate growth of breast tissue. B. It releases luteinizing hormone (LH) to stimulate growth of the ovaries. C. It produces follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) to stimulate maturation of the follicles. D. It releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) to stimulate the anterior pituitary gland.

D. It releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) to stimulate the anterior pituitary gland. The hypothalamus is responsible for sexual maturation by releasing GnRH to stimulate the anterior pituitary gland to release FSH and LH.

Which female anatomical structure protects the labia minora? A. Clitoris B. Perineum C. Mons pubis D. Labia majora

D. Labia majora

Which statement describes the purpose of the luteal phase of the female reproductive cycle? A. The mature ovum is released. B. Growth of the follicle is promoted. C. One follicle is matured for ovulation. D. The endometrium is prepared for the ovum.

D. The endometrium is prepared for the ovum. During the luteal phase, the corpus luteum secretes estrogen and progesterone to prepare the endometrium for a fertilized ovum.