Sherwood Ch 2
Match the term to its description. a. plasma membrane b. nucleus c. cytoplasm d. cytosol e. organelles f. cytoskeleton Houses the cell's DNA
1. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. microtubules b. microfilaments c. intermediate filaments Largest of the cytoskeletal elements
10. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. microtubules b. microfilaments c. intermediate filaments Present in parts of the cell subject to mechanical stress
11. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. microtubules b. microfilaments c. intermediate filaments Smallest element visible with a conventional electron microscope
12. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. microtubules b. microfilaments c. intermediate filaments Consist of actin
13. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. microtubules b. microfilaments c. intermediate filaments Form the mitotic spindle
14. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. microtubules b. microfilaments c. intermediate filaments Essential for creating and maintaining an asymmetrical cell shape
15. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. microtubules b. microfilaments c. intermediate filaments Composed of tubulin
16. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. microtubules b. microfilaments c. intermediate filaments Provide a pathway for axonal transport
17. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. microtubules b. microfilaments c. intermediate filaments Play a key role in muscle contraction
18. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. microtubules b. microfilaments c. intermediate filaments Slide past each other to cause ciliary bending
19. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. plasma membrane b. nucleus c. cytoplasm d. cytosol e. organelles f. cytoskeleton Responsible for cell shape and movement
2. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. ER b. Golgi complex c. lysosome d. peroxisome e. mitochondrion f. vault g. free ribosome h. microtubule i. microfilament Contains enzymes important in detoxifying various wastes
20. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. ER b. Golgi complex c. lysosome d. peroxisome e. mitochondrion f. vault g. free ribosome h. microtubule i. microfilament Important component of cilia and flagella
21. ANS: H PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. ER b. Golgi complex c. lysosome d. peroxisome e. mitochondrion f. vault g. free ribosome h. microtubule i. microfilament Continuous extensive organelle consisting of a network of tubules and flattened filament
22. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. ER b. Golgi complex c. lysosome d. peroxisome e. mitochondrion f. vault g. free ribosome h. microtubule i. microfilament Removes unwanted cellular debris and foreign material
23. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. ER b. Golgi complex c. lysosome d. peroxisome e. mitochondrion f. vault g. free ribosome h. microtubule i. microfilament Produces most of the ATP for most cells
24. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. ER b. Golgi complex c. lysosome d. peroxisome e. mitochondrion f. vault g. free ribosome h. microtubule i. microfilament Acts as a mechanical stiffener
25. ANS: I PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. ER b. Golgi complex c. lysosome d. peroxisome e. mitochondrion f. vault g. free ribosome h. microtubule i. microfilament Synthesizes proteins for use in the cytosol
26. ANS: G PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. ER b. Golgi complex c. lysosome d. peroxisome e. mitochondrion f. vault g. free ribosome h. microtubule i. microfilament Consists of stacks of flattened sacs
27. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. ER b. Golgi complex c. lysosome d. peroxisome e. mitochondrion f. vault g. free ribosome h. microtubule i. microfilament May function as transporter of materials through the nuclear membrane
28. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. ER b. Golgi complex c. lysosome d. peroxisome e. mitochondrion f. vault g. free ribosome h. microtubule i. microfilament Used as "highway" for kinesin and dynein
29. ANS: H PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. plasma membrane b. nucleus c. cytoplasm d. cytosol e. organelles f. cytoskeleton Highly organized membrane-bound intracellular structures
3. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. ER b. Golgi complex c. lysosome d. peroxisome e. mitochondrion f. vault g. free ribosome h. microtubule i. microfilament Used as "highway" for myosin
30. ANS: I PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. ER b. Golgi complex c. lysosome d. peroxisome e. mitochondrion f. vault g. free ribosome h. microtubule i. microfilament Descendents of bacteria that were engulfed by primitive cells
31. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. flagella b. cilia c. microvilli Hair-like motile protrusions
32. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. flagella b. cilia c. microvilli Increase the surface area of the small intestine epithelium
33. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. flagella b. cilia c. microvilli Sweep mucus and debris out of respiratory airways
34. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. flagella b. cilia c. microvilli Increase the surface area of the kidney tubules
35. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. flagella b. cilia c. microvilli Enable sperm to move
36. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. flagella b. cilia c. microvilli Whip-like appendages
37. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. flagella b. cilia c. microvilli Guide egg to oviduct
38. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the cellular protein with its correct characteristic. a. dynamin b. tubulin c. kinesin d. actin e. clathrin f. dynein g. myosin Disassembles and reassembles within pseudopods
39. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. plasma membrane b. nucleus c. cytoplasm d. cytosol e. organelles f. cytoskeleton Selectively controls movement of molecules between the intracellular fluid and the extracellular fluid
4. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the cellular protein with its correct characteristic. a. dynamin b. tubulin c. kinesin d. actin e. clathrin f. dynein g. myosin Moves along the smallest component of the cytoskeleton
40. ANS: G PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
Match the cellular protein with its correct characteristic. a. dynamin b. tubulin c. kinesin d. actin e. clathrin f. dynein g. myosin Separates chromosomes during mitosis
41. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the cellular protein with its correct characteristic. a. dynamin b. tubulin c. kinesin d. actin e. clathrin f. dynein g. myosin Forms a covering around an endosome
42. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the cellular protein with its correct characteristic. a. dynamin b. tubulin c. kinesin d. actin e. clathrin f. dynein g. myosin Moves away from the minus end of the cytoskeleton's largest components
43. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
Match the cellular protein with its correct characteristic. a. dynamin b. tubulin c. kinesin d. actin e. clathrin f. dynein g. myosin Causes pinching off of endocytic vesicles
44. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the cellular protein with its correct characteristic. a. dynamin b. tubulin c. kinesin d. actin e. clathrin f. dynein g. myosin Moves toward the centriole along tubulin protein
45. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
Match the term to its description. a. plasma membrane b. nucleus c. cytoplasm d. cytosol e. organelles f. cytoskeleton Consists of organelles and cytosol
5. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. plasma membrane b. nucleus c. cytoplasm d. cytosol e. organelles f. cytoskeleton Site of intermediary metabolism
6. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. plasma membrane b. nucleus c. cytoplasm d. cytosol e. organelles f. cytoskeleton Permits incompatible chemical reactions to occur simultaneously in the cell
7. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. plasma membrane b. nucleus c. cytoplasm d. cytosol e. organelles f. cytoskeleton Separates contents of the cell from its surroundings
8. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Match the term to its description. a. plasma membrane b. nucleus c. cytoplasm d. cytosol e. organelles f. cytoskeleton Site of fat and glycogen storage
9. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Indicate which of the characteristics applies to 1) glycolysis, 2) citric-acid cycle, or 3) oxidative phosphorylation. a. directly uses inspired oxygen b. does not directly use inspired oxygen c. takes place in the cytosol d. takes place in the mitochondrial matrix e. takes place on the inner mitochondrial membrane f. yields fewer than 5 ATP molecules for each glucose molecule g. yields more than 5 ATP molecules for each glucose molecule
ANS: glycolysis: b, c, f; citric-acid cycle: b, d, f; oxidative phosphorylation: a, e, g PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
What might happen if you took in less than optimum amounts of niacin in your diet? a. Fewer pyruvate molecules would be produced. b. Available FAD would increase. c. The number of hydrogen ions pumped through the ETS in a given amount of time would increase. d. The number of Krebs cycles occurring in a given amount of time would increase. e. Any of the above might happen.
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
Which of the following are involved directly in myosin synthesis? a. RNA b. actin c. DNA d. microfilaments e. All of the above
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
Which of the following is not a principle of the cell theory? a. Most cells come from preexisting cells. b. Cells are the smallest things that can be alive. c. A cell's structure determines the cell's ability to function. d. All cells have certain fundamental structures and functions in common. e. Cells are the fundamental living building blocks of multicellular organisms.
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
Which pairing is most out of place? a. Mitochondrion and vesicle formation b. Lysosome and autophagia c. Cytoskeleton and vesicle transport d. ER and lipid synthesis e. Golgi body and glycoprotein processing
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
During axonal transport a. Kinesins carry axonal debris toward the axon terminal. b. Kinesins move toward the nucleus of the cell. c. Dyneins carry secretory vesicles toward the axon terminal. d. Dyneins move away from the nucleus. e. Microfilaments serve as the major intracellular "highway."
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Identify the item that is not taken into a cell via receptor-mediated endocytosis. a. amino acid b. cholesterol c. vitamin B12 d. iron e. insulin
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Select the incorrect characteristic of mitochondria. a. They have an inner fluid-filled space called the cristae. b. They possess their own DNA. c. They are the site of cellular respiration. d. Their inner membranes contain electron carriers. e. They possess two membranes.
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Select the incorrect statement about the smooth ER. a. It is abundant in most cell types. b. It is found in liver cells. c. It specializes in lipid metabolism. d. In one type of cell, it is called sarcoplasmic reticulum. e. It does not contain ribosomes.
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Select the item that is not a part of the cytoskeleton. a. inclusions b. intermediate filaments c. microfilaments d. microtubular lattice e. microtubules
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
The rough endoplasmic reticulum a. is in direct contact with certain nonmembranous organelles b. synthesizes lipids for secretion c. is called the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells d. transports proteins to its bound ribosomes e. exhibits all of the above characteristics
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Which modified form of pyruvate enters the citric acid cycle? a. acetyl CoA b. adenosine diphosphate c. citric acid d. oxaloacetic acid e. pyruvic acid
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Which of the following does not occur in the cytosol? a. replication of chromosomes b. enzymatic regulation of intermediary metabolism c. storage of fat and glycogen d. synthesis of proteins e. glycolysis
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Which of the following organelles contains catalase? a. peroxisomes b. mitochondria c. lysosomes d. vaults e. a, b, and c
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
A cell in the pancreas that secretes an enzyme to hydrolyzes lipids would be expected to have a. a larger-than-normal nucleus b. an extensive rough ER c. a greater-than-normal number of free ribsomes d. an extensive smooth ER e. a and d
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Application
Why do most cells in the body require oxygen molecules? a. Glucose cannot be broken down without it. b. It pulls electrons off the electron transport chains in the last part of cellular respiration. c. The electron transport system must pump it through the inner membrane for chemiosmosis. d. ATP synthase uses it to add a phosphate ion to ADP in order to make ATP. e. It pulls electrons off the electron transport chains in the last part of cellular respiration and ATP synthase uses it to add a phosphate ion to ADP in order to make ATP.
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
A typical human cell is about ____ micrometers in diameter. a. 1 to 2 b. 10 to 20 c. 80 to 100 d. 150 to 200 e. 200 to 300
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Actin and myosin filaments are most abundant in ____ cells. a. epithelial b. muscle c. nerve d. red blood e. white blood
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Choose the incorrect statement about the cytoskeleton. a. It may help organize groups of enzymes. b. It is involved in replication of DNA. c. It serves as a mechanical stiffener. d. It is involved in cilia movement. e. It has components within microvilli.
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Cristae are found in the a. lysosome b. mitochondrion c. nucleolus d. nucleus e. rough ER
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Identify all examples of inclusions. a. peroxisome b. glycogen granule c. centriole d. vault e. glycogen granule and vault
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Intermediate filaments a. comprise mitotic spindles b. are important in cell regions subject to mechanical stress c. comprise cilia and flagella d. form the basal bodies e. comprise cilia and flagella and form the basal bodies
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum a. is most abundant in cells specialized for protein secretion b. gives rise to transport vesicles containing newly synthesized molecules wrapped in a layer of smooth ER membrane c. consists of stacks of relatively flattened sacs called cristae d. has only a few ribosomes attached to it e. is a primary site for glycolysis
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Which of the following does not apply to lysosomes? a. They contain hydrolytic enzymes. b. They generate hydrogen peroxide. c. They aid in the breakdown of material that is taken into the cell through endocytosis. d. When they are abnormal, Tay-Sachs disease may result. e. They help remove damaged organelles.
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Which of the following represents a site of storage for molecules that a cell uses as a source of energy? a. peroxisome b. inclusion c. lysosome d. nucleus e. Golgi complex
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Identify the pairing that has the least related items: a. pinocytosis, endocytosis b. catalase, peroxisome c. clathrin, secretory vesicle d. phagocytosis, pseudopods e. t-SNARE, plasma membrane
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis
Identify the true statement(s) about anaerobic respiration. a. It completely oxidizes certain food molecules. b. It forms carbon dioxide. c. It donates hydrogens to NAD molecules. d. All of the above statements are true. e. It donates hydrogens to pyruvate molecules.
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
The term aerobic refers to reactions a. that occur in the lungs b. that require carbon dioxide c. that continue only when oxygen is available d. do not require an input of carbon dioxide e. that occur without oxygen
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
Which of the following is most closely associated with cilia? a. actin and myosin b. intermediate filaments c. dynein and microtubules d. microfilaments and actin e. myosin motor molecules and microfilaments
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
Which of the following is not contained within the cytoplasm? a. ribosomal subunits b. cytosol c. plasma membrane d. endoplasmic reticulum e. catalase
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
Glycolysis a. produces citric acid b. transfers energy to glucose c. produces more ATP molecules than does one turn of the Krebs cycle d. traps energy in FADH2 e. does not perform any of the functions listed above
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Select the incorrect statement about vaults. a. They may play a role in drug resistance in cancer cells. b. They are numerous and relatively large organelles. c. They are specialized transport vesicles within nuclear pores. d. They may transport ribosomal subunits out of the nucleus. e. They are not visible by ordinary staining techniques.
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
The SNARE complex provides a. allows recognition of foreign proteins after they enter a cell b. a way for a certain enzyme to bind with the correct substrate c. a means to deliver vesicles to an appropriate site d. a mechanism necessary for receptor mediated endocytosis to occur e. all of the functions listed above
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
The bending movements of cilia and flagella a. are associated with microtubules and kinesin b. involve the alternate assembly and disassembly of actin filaments c. are produced when dynein motors pull adjacent microtubule doublets past each other d. involves dynein action on microfilaments e. involves myosin action on intermediate filaments
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Which component below is not always found in a typical human cell? a. cytosol b. DNA c. flagellum d. plasma membrane e. water
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Which of the following may help transport ribosomal subunits out of the nucleus? a. Golgi complex b. mitotic spindle c. vault d. centriole e. secretory vesicle
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Which statement about the plasma membrane is not true? a. It serves as a mechanical barrier to hold in the contents of the cell. b. It selectively controls movement of molecules between the ECF and the cytoplasm. c. It is the barrier that surrounds the blood vessels and separates the blood plasma from the interstitial fluid. d. It contains proteins that provides for various membrane functions. e. It consists mostly of lipids and proteins.
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Which statement regarding the citric acid cycle is incorrect? a. It occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. b. It forms carbon dioxide. c. It forms two ATP molecules during each turn. d. Acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate react to form citric acid. e. Each turn forms one molecule of GTP.
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
______ transports secretory vesicles along microtubules is a. Actin b. Myosin c. Kinesin d. Tubulin e. Keratin
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Which of the following is least related to glycolysis? a. NADH b. ATP c. pyruvate d. CO2 e. glucose
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis
Which of the following is synthesized inside certain cells and is eventually secreted. a. tRNA b. clathrin c. dynamin d. steroid hormone e. ATP
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis
All of a muscle cell's lactate is synthesized a. in Krebs cycle reactions b. from acetyl CoA c. directly from glucose d. from pyruvate e. in chemiosmosis
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
Select the correct statement about a ribosome. a. It contains DNA. b. It synthesizes amino acids. c. It is often functional while attached to a nonmembranous organelle. d. It contains proteins that are synthesized at other ribosomes. e. All of the above statements are correct.
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
The complexes within electron transport chains a. are "circuits" for small amounts of electricity to pass through b. contain NADH that transports electrons c. transport H+ into the mitochondrial matrix d. are responsible for transporting electrons and hydrogen ions e. perform all of the above functions
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
ATP synthase a. pumps H+ ions into the intermembrane space b. transports oxygen c. accepts H+ ions from NADH d. is not part of the ETS e. uses ATP to pump H+ out of the mitochondrial matrix
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Docking markers are most closely associated with a. the nucleus b. mitochondria c. DNA d. Golgi complexes e. the ETS
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Glycolysis a. yields two molecules of ATP for each molecule of glucose processed b. yields two molecules of NADH when converting one glucose into two pyruvates c. does not take place in the mitochondrion d. all of these e. yields two molecules of ATP for each molecule of glucose processed, and yields two molecules of NADH when converting one glucose into two pyruvates
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Identify the true statement(s). a. Kinesin always moves toward a centriole. b. Dynein always moves toward the plasma membrane. c. Dynein is responsible for movement of microvilli. d. Myosin motors move along actin proteins. e. Myosin motors move along actin proteins and Dynein always moves toward the plasma membrane.
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
In a human cell, DNA may be found within a. the nucleus b. mitochondria c. the cytoplasm d. all of the above e. none of the above
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
The form of endocytosis in which whole cells such as bacteria are brought in is a. exocytosis b. pinocytosis c. receptor-mediated endocytosis d. phagocytosis e. mitosis
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Which structure is not associated with the secretion of proteins produced by ER? a. Golgi complex b. smooth ER c. transport vesicles d. lysosomal membrane e. plasma membrane
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Select the incorrect association. a. ATP/high-energy bonds b. electron transport chain/mitochondrion c. glycolysis/anaerobic d. glycolysis/cytosol e. pyruvate/five-carbon molecule
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis
Chemiosmosis a. releases O2 onto a water molecule at the end of the ETS b. pumps H+ ions into the mitochondrial matrix c. transfers hydrogens from the ETS to NAD+ d. generates GTP, which is then converted into ATP e. does not perform any of the above functions
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
During anaerobic conditions, a. more pyruvate is formed from lactate. b. the degradation of glucose cannot proceed beyond the Krebs cycle. c. mitochondrial processing of nutrient molecules takes place. d. the ETS continues to function, but the Krebs cycle does not. e. FAD is not converted to FADH2.
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
Microtubules a. serve as a mechanical stiffener for microvilli b. form neurofilaments, which degrade in Lou Gehrig's disease c. form non-muscle contractile assemblies d. play an important structural role in parts of the cell subject to mechanical stress e. is responsible for nuclear division but not cytoplasmic division
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
Which of the following does not always involve the plasma membrane? a. endocytosis b. secretion c. formation of an endocytic vesicle d. pinocytosis e. vesicle formation
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
Which statement about cells is incorrect? a. They are the smallest things that can be alive. b. They are generally too small to be seen with the unaided eye. c. They are highly organized. d. Cells in large dogs are the same size as cells in smaller dogs. e. Most cells in dogs are quite different than cells in humans.
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
Which statement is true? a. Mitochondria are primarily sites where anaerobic respiration occurs. b. Vaults are inclusions in the cytoplasm that transport DNA. c. Peroxisomes are membranous sacs that contain hydrolytic enzymes. d. Ribosomes are membranous organelles that synthesize proteins. e. None of the statements are true.
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
Identify the item that does not enter a cell through a coated pit: a. insulin b. iron c. cholesterol d. vitamin B12 e. cargo protein
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
NADH is a. an energy carrier b. used in cellular respiration c. produced in glycolysis d. produced in the citric acid cycle e. important in all of the above
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Nicotimamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a. used in glycolysis and in the Krebs cycle b. found in the cytosol c. a hydrogen carrier molecule d. found in the mitochondrion e. characterized by all of the above
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Ribosomes a. are the only sites where proteins are made b. contain protein in their chemical makeup c. contain RNA in their chemical makeup d. consist of subunits that are constructed inside the nucleus e. are characterized by all of the above
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Select the structure that is not located in the cytosol of the cell. a. ER b. Golgi complex c. lysosome d. mitochondrion e. nucleolus
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Where do the citric acid cycle reactions occur? a. cytoplasm b. cytosol c. inner-mitochondrial membrane d. outer-mitochondrial membrane e. mitochondrial matrix
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Where is CO2 released in the aerobic cellular respiration process? a. glycolysis b. electron transport chain c. Krebs cycle d. just prior to pyruvate entering the Krebs cycle e. Krebs cycle and just prior to pyruvate entering the Krebs cycle
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Which characteristic of the Golgi complex is incorrect? a. It sorts and directs products to their final destination. b. It is a membranous organelle surrounded by cytosol. c. It produces lysosomes. d. It modifies proteins made at the rough ER. e. It receives secretory vesicles coming from the ER.
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Which characteristic regarding microfilaments is incorrect? a. They serve as mechanical stiffeners for microvilli. b. They are composed of actin subunits. c. They are the smallest elements of the cytoskeleton. d. They are involved in cell locomotion. e. They form mitotic spindles.
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
Which organelle is not membrane-bound? a. Golgi body b. lysosome c. mitochondrion d. RER e. ribosome
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Dynamin is synthesized inside endosomes and is responsible for pinching off the endosome from the plasma membrane.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
T/F If a candy bar is likened to a single glucose molecule, then a pyruvate molecule would be likened to two candy bars.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
T/F Lysosomes synthesize hydrolase enzymes.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
T/F Oxygen molecules are used in the Krebs cycle and at the end of the ETS.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
T/F Peroxisomes are nonmembranous organelles that generate and degrade hydrogen peroxide.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
T/F Since lysosomes cannot make their own enzymes, those enzymes must be synthesized in the Golgi complex prior to the lysosome's formation.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
T/F The Golgi complex synthesizes recognition markers that recognize and attract specific sorting signals.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
T/F The lipids within the ER's membrane must synthesize additional lipid molecules so the ER can grow as a cell grows.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
T/F The rough ER synthesizes proteins within their interconnected sacs.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
T/F Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is likely associated with the disruption of microtubules and microfilaments within motor neurons.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Coatomers form around endosomes formed during receptor-mediated endocytosis.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Cytokinesis is the division of the nucleus during mitosis.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F DNA's genetic code for a particular protein is transcribed into rRNA.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Dynein is a mitochondrial enzyme.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Electron microscopes are about 1000 times more powerful than light microscopes.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Endocytosis can only be accomplished by phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Glycolysis utilizes most of the stored energy in glucose when synthesizing ATP molecules.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Intermediate filaments account for about 85% of the protein present in muscle and liver cells.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Lipid synthesis does not occur in the rough ER.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Peroxisomes arise from vesicles produced at the rough ER, while lysosomes arise from vesicles produced at the Golgi complex.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Phagocytosis is a specialized form of endocytosis used primarily for bringing ECF into the cytosol.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Primary cilia are responsible for moving dust from the respiratory tract.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F RER is most abundant in cells specialized for steroid production.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Secretion involves v-SNARE markers located on the plasma membrane.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Secretory vesicles are taken into a cell by means of phagocytosis.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Skeletal muscle cells have numerous mitochondria within their endoplasmic reticulum and this special organization is called the mitochondrial reticulum.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Some enzymes inside the rough ER may pass through the ER's membrane and be used within the cytosol, but most enzymes used in the cytosol are made at free ribsomes.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F The Krebs cycle occurs within the mitochondria while the citric acid cycle occurs in the cytosol.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F The cytoplasm is the same as the ICF.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F The only time the contents of secretory vesicles come in contact with the cytosol is when the vesicle joins with the plasma membrane.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F The two primary organelles involved in detoxifying harmful substances are the peroxisomes and the Golgi complex.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Vaults are presumably descendants of primitive bacterial cells.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F DNA in the nucleus has the genetic instructions to make dynein.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
T/F Proteins synthesized at the endoplasmic reticulum become permanently separated from the cytosol as soon as they have been synthesized.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension
T/F A pair of electrons released from one NADH molecule causes the formation of more ATP molecules than do a pair of electrons released from a FADH2.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F ATP synthase is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F All cell organelles are renewable.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Amoeboid movement is accomplished by alternate assembly and disassembly of actin filaments.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Coated vesicles bud off the Golgi complex and contain various proteins.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Most intermediary metabolism is accomplished in the cytosol.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Motor molecules cannot transport vesicles along intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Oxidative phosphorylation generates more ATP per glucose molecule than does glycolysis.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F Secretory vesicles are about 200 times larger than transport vesicles.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F The Golgi complex is functionally connected to the ER.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F The amount of smooth ER within liver cells may change dramatically over a period of days, depending on the amount of drug detoxification that is required.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F The cytoplasm includes everything between the plasma membrane and nucleus of a cell.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F The endoplasmic reticulum is one continuous organelle consisting of many tubules and cisternae.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F The nucleus indirectly governs most cellular activities by directing the kinds and amounts of various enzymes and other proteins that are produced by the cell.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F The protective, waterproof outer layer of skin is formed by the tough skeleton of intermediate filaments that persist after the surface skin cells die.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
T/F The rough endoplasmic reticulum is most abundant in cells specialized for protein secretion, whereas smooth endoplasmic reticulum is abundant in cells that specialize in lipid metabolism.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Knowledge
e
Label "3" identifies a. a myosin motor moving along a microtubule b. a kinesin motor moving along a microfilament c. a dynein motor moving along a microtubule d. a dynein motor moving away from a centriole e. none of these
c
The structure labeled "1" a. is a microfilament b. is made of actin c. originates at a centriole d. is a "highway" for myosin motor molecules e. all of these
e
Which number identifies a structure that utilizes hydrolases to perform its function? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 5
1
Which number identifies the site of aerobic respiration?
3
Which number identifies the structure responsible for the synthesis of proteins that end up in secretory vesicles?
5
Which organelle contains structures that bind to docking-marker acceptors?
5
Which organelle gives rise to specialized vesicles that contain hydrolytic enzymes?
2
Which organelle uses oxygen to strip hydrogens from organic molecules?
