Skull, facial bones, sinuses
number of facial bones
14
CR angle for Caldwell PA axial cranium/facial bones
15 degrees caudad
CR angle for supra-orbital fissures in PA axial
20-25 degrees caudad
number of cranial bones
8
structures best seen on AP axial of cranium
AP projection of structures with orbits magnified
orbitomeatal line
Outer eye to EAM
interpupillary line
across the eyes
cranium lateral patient position
affected side of face against IR, IOML baseline parallel and interpupillary perp to IR
tripod fracture
affects 3 areas of skull, orbits, zygoma, maxilla
gonion
angle of the mandible
fontanels
areas of incomplete ossification in infant skulls
AP axial of cranium
backside of head against bucky, orbitomeatal line perp, center glabella and midsag
coronal suture
between frontal and parietal bones
acanthion
between nose and upper lip
lambdoidal suture
between occipital and parietal bones
location and formation of ethmoid bone
between orbits, forms part of anterior cranial fossa, nasal cavity, orbital walls, and bony nasal septum
squamosal suture
between temporal bone and parietal bone
nasion
bridge of the nose
what the posterior cranial fossa protects
cerebellum, pons and medulla oblongata
mental point
chin
mentum
chin
mentomeatal line
chin to EAM
crista galli
conical projection in cribiform plate of ethmoid bone
posterior cranial fossa
deep depression posterior to petrous ridges
lateral cranium best demonstrates
dorsum sella, sella turcica, anterior and posterior clinoid processes
articulates with frontal, sphenoid, lacrimal, maxilla and vomer bones
ethmoid bone
where is the cribiform plate located
ethmoid bone
where is the crista galli located
ethmoid bone
bones of the skull floor
ethmoid, sphenoid, right and left temoral
EAM
external auditory meatus
interpupillary line
from corner to corner of eye
frontal sinuses are in the _____ bone
frontal
location of orbital plate
frontal bone
the bone that form part of orbital plates, part of roof of nasal cavity, and greater part of anterior cranial fossa
frontal bone
5 landmarks of frontal bone
frontal eminences, supraorbital margins, supraciliary arches, supraorbital foramina, glabella
anterior cranial fossa
frontal lobes of cerebrum, extends from anterior frontal bone to lesser wings of sphenoid
bones of the clavaria
frontal, occipital, right and left parietal
blowout fracture
happens in the orbital floor
structures of the ethmoid bone
horizontal plate, vertical plate, 2 labyritns
cribriform plate
horizontal portion of ethmoid bone
diploe
inner layer of spongy bone separating 2 outer plates of compact tissue
bregma
junction of coronal and sagittal sutures
lambda
junction of sagittal and lambdoidal sutures
location of superior and middle nasal conchae
labyrinths of ethmoid bone
outer canthus
lateral edge of the eye
infraorbitomeatal line
lower eyelid to EAM
location of coronoid process
mandible
location of alveolar process
mandible/maxilla
location of acanthion
maxilla
location of infraoribital foramen
maxilla
inner canthus
medial edge of the eye
Cranium PA axial patient position
nose and forehead resting on bucky, orbitomeatal baseline perp to IR, center midsag and naison to IR
location of condylar canal
occipital
location of basilar portion
occipital bone
location of foramen magnum
occipital bone
location of hypoglossal canal
occipital bone
location of inion
occipital bone
location of squama
occipital bone
location of clivus
occipital bone/sphenoid bone
inion
occipital protuberance
sagittal suture
on top of head between 2 parietal bones
CR for AP axial of cranium
perp or 10-15 degrees cephalad entering at naison
CR for lateral cranium
perpendicular entering 2" superior to EAM
structure that forms superior portion of bony nasal septum
perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
CR angle for frontal bone in PA
perperndicular
structures best demonstrated in Caldwell for cranium/facial bones
petrous ridges in lower third of orbits and ethmoid air cells
structures best demonstrated in a cranium/facial bones PA with perp CR
petrous ridges in orbits, frontal bone, dorsum sella
glabellomeatal line
point between the brows to EAM
position of petrous pyramids in a brachycephalic skull
project anteriorlly and medially at 54 degrees from MSP
position of petrous pyramids in doliocephalic skull
project anteriorly and medially at 40 degrees from MSP
position of petrous pyramids in a mesocephalic skull
project anteriorly and medially at 47 degrees from MSP
the frontal bone articulates with....
right and left parietals, sphenoid, ethmoid, nasal bones and zygoma
doliocephalic
skull is long front to back, narrow side to side, deep from vertex to base
brachycephalic
skull is short from front to back, broad side to side, shallow from vertex to base
location of clinoid processes
sphenoid bone
location of dorsum sellae
sphenoid bone
location of foramen lacerum
sphenoid bone
location of foramen ovale
sphenoid bone
location of foramen spinosum
sphenoid bone
location of lesser and greater wings
sphenoid bone
location of optic groove
sphenoid bone
location of pterygoid hamulus
sphenoid bone
location of pterygoid processes
sphenoid bone
location of sella turcica
sphenoid bone
where the optic canal and foramen are located
sphenoid bone
where the tuberculum sellae are located
sphenoid bone
structures best demonstrated in PA axial cranium with 20-25 degree caudad angle
supra-orbital fissures
location of internal acoustic meatus
temporal bone
location of jugular foramen
temporal bone
location of mandibular fossa
temporal bone
location of mastoid process
temporal bone
location of petrous ridges
temporal bone
location of styloid process
temporal bone
location of zygomatic process
temporal bone
middle cranial fossa
temporal lobes, extends from lesser wings of sphenoid to apices of petrous ridges
mesocephalic
typically shaped skul
infraorbital margin
under eye
acanthiomeatal line
under the nose to EAM
location of temporal process
zygoma
