Smart Book 2

Identify the two theorists who contributed the most to the human relations movement.

Maslow and McGregor

Management science focuses on the use of _______ to aid in problem-solving and decision-making.

Mathematics

_____ management focuses on managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effectively.

Operations

In terms of the systems viewpoint, profits and losses are types of _______.

Outputs

According to Gary Hamel, management should be viewed as a(n) _____ to which ongoing improvements and innovation can be made systematically.

Process

Quality control, quality assurance, and total quality management are all part of the _____ management viewpoint.

Quality

The application of quantitative techniques, such as statistics and computer simulations, to management is called _____ management.

Quantitative

A set of interrelated parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose is called a(n) _____.

System

Complexity theory is an offshoot of the _____ viewpoint because it is the study of how multiple chaotic processes arise into pattern and order.

Systems

McGregor developed Theory X and Theory Y based on the realization that managers should _____.

be aware of their attitudes toward employees

The _____ viewpoint places emphasis on the importance of understanding the actions of humans and the motivation and encouragement of employees toward achievement?

behavioral

A characteristic of a(n) _____ system is that it receives very little feedback from outside sources.

closed

The _____ perspective on management consists of the systems, contingency, and quality-management viewpoints.

contemporary

According to the ____ viewpoint, a management problem should be handled according to the individual and the environmental situation.

contingency

A _______ organization actively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge within itself and is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge.

learning

Operations management focuses on _____.

managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effectively

Management science is sometimes known as _____.

operations research

The ability of a product or service to meet customer needs refers to _____.

quality

The strategy for minimizing errors at each stage of production is called _____.

quality control

Evidence-based management focuses on bringing _____ to the decision process.

rationality

A company would rely on ISO 9000 to _____.

reduce manufacturing flaws

The Six Sigma approach relies on _____ to help improve manufacturing processes.

statistical analysis

Based on a systems viewpoint, the health science, finance, and journalism departments of a university are examples of ______.

subsystems

The various parts that make up a complete system are commonly known as

subsystems

An open system fosters the idea that two or more forces combined create an effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects. This is known as _____.

synergy

According to the systems viewpoint, the part of a system that involves turning raw materials and knowledge into a new and different product or service is called _____.

transformational processes

A system is a set of _____ parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose.

Interrelated

Which statement regarding a closed system is accurate?

It has little interaction with its environment.

Theory X managers view workers as

Lacking ambition

In order to build a _____ organization, managers must build a commitment to learning, work to generate ideas with impact, and work to generalize ideas with impact.

Learning

Quality control

is the strategy for minimizing errors by managing each stage of production

What four disciplines are included in the behavioral science approach to management? (Choose all that apply.)

-Economics -Anthropology -Sociology -Psychology

What are two types of outputs according to the systems viewpoint? Check all that apply.

-Finished products -Employee satisfaction

In which ways did Munsterberg suggest that psychologists could contribute to industry? (select all that apply)

-Identify ways managers can encourage employees to take desired actions. -Identify the people who are best suited for a job. -Recognize the psychological conditions necessary for employees to do their best work.

What are the two branches of quantitative management?

-Management science -Operations Management

Which two management perspectives typically consider an organization to be a closed system? Check all that apply.

-Management science perspective -Classical management viewpoint

What three individuals helped pioneer administrative management theory?

-Max Weber -Charles Clinton Spaulding -Henri Fayol

What are the two branches of quantitative management?

-Operations management -Management science

According to the systems viewpoint, what are three types of inputs?

-People -Money -Equipment

What are the three viewpoints of the contemporary perspective of management?

-Systems -Contingency -Quality Management

According to the Hawthorne effect hypothesized by Mayo and colleagues, employees worked harder if they:

-Thought managers cared about their welfare -Believed supervisors paid special attention to them -Received added attention

The quality-management viewpoint includes which concepts? (select all that apply)

-Total quality management -Quality assurance -Quality control

Which of the following are components of total quality management (TQM)? (select all that apply)

-Use customer and employee feedback -Involve every employee -Emphasize continuous improvement -Use accurate standards to identify and eliminate problems

A learning organization: (select all that apply)

-is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge -actively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge within itself

Complexity theory: (select all that apply)

-seeks to understand how organizations adapt to their environments -is the study of how order and pattern arise from complicated, chaotic systems -is used in strategic management and organizational studies -recognizes that all complex systems are networks of many interdependent parts that interact according to certain simple rules

Maslow's hierarchy of human needs proposes that people are motivated by which needs? (select all that apply)

-self-actualization -love -esteem -safety -physiological

Theory Y managers view workers as: (select all that apply)

-self-directed -accepting of responsibility -imaginative and creative

Select all of the true statements regarding Gary Hamel's thoughts on management:

-we must look at management as a process, and then make improvements and innovation ongoing and systematic -much of management theory is dated and doesn't fit the current realities of organizational life -management innovation is essential to future organizational success

Which of the following are the key functions/roles managers must perform in order to create learning organizations?

-work to generate ideas with impact -work to generalize ideas with impact -build a commitment to learning

Two ways for a company to guarantee quality of a product are quality control and quality ___________.

Assurance

Theory X and Theory Y focus on managers'

Attitudes

Which approach to management relies upon research in psychology, sociology, anthropology, and economics in order to develop theories about human behavior that can be used to provide practical tools for managers?

Behavioral Science

Which management viewpoint asks the question, "What method is the best to use under these particular circumstances?"

Contingency

Renata is using the systems perspective to analyze her company. Which of these should be included in her analysis?

Equipment

____ management encourages managers to make facts and logic the foundation of their approach to decision-making.

Evidence-based

_____ management stresses continuous improvement, employee involvement, learning from customers and employees, and accurate standards for identifying and eliminating problems.

Total quality

A supervisor who considers employees to be irresponsible and resistant to change would be characterized as a Theory _______ manager.

X

If you believe your employees are capable of taking on responsibility with sufficient self-direction and self-control, you are a Theory ___ manager.

Y

The original focus of the Hawthorne studies was the ______.

effects of lighting levels on worker productivity

In terms of the systems viewpoint, _______ is information about the reaction of the environment to the outputs that affects the inputs.

feedback

Tyrone is reviewing customer response forms and learns that while some people like the company's new outerwear designs, the majority of customers do not. Which part of a system is Tyrone using to get his information?

feedback

In order to follow Mary Parker Follett's concept of integration, a company should

hold meetings between managers and workers to solve problems in a mutually beneficial way.

Maslow and McGregor focused on the study of ______ as it relates to increasing worker productivity.

human relations

According to the systems perspective, transformational processes are responsible for turning

inputs into outputs.

James has a small bakery specializing in gourmet brownies. Based on the systems viewpoint, the flour, sugar, yeast, and eggs he uses in baking would be considered _______, whereas the decorated brownies he sells to customers would be considered _______.

inputs; outputs

Maslow's hierarchy of needs resulted from the study of ______.

what motivates people to perform