Smartbook 6

Between what ages do sibling conflicts tend to decrease in frequency?

5-7

Young preschool children are ________ than older children to have friends who are of a different gender and ethnicity

More likely

Recent research indicates that the ________ of parents work has more influence on the children's development rather than the fact that one parent works outside the home

Nature

According to Baumrind, the ________ style of parenting is characterized by a lack of involvement in the child's life.

Neglectful

In all types of child maltreatment, which of the following is almost always present?

emotional abuse

Which of the following theories states that children appraise marital conflict in terms of their sense of security and safety in the family?

emotional security theory

The _______ parenting style is a restrictive, punitive style in which parents exhort the child to follow their directions and respect their work and effort.

authoritarian

For most young children the label of _________ refers to someone with whom they play

friend

According to Baumrind, what type of parents are highly involved in their child's life but place few demands or controls on the child?

indulgent

Which of the following most characterizes authoritative parenting?

verbal give-and-take

Baumrinds four styles of parenting balance which of the following dimensions

-Acceptance -Control -Demand -Responsiveness

According to research by Hetherington and Stanley Hagen (2002) which of the following are possible reasons that parents should stay in unhappy, conflicted marriages

-If conflict among family members would increase after the divorce -If parenting would become more inept after the divorce -If conflict between the couple would increase after the divorce

On average, siblings between the ages of 2 and 4 have a conflict once every

10 minutes

Authoritarian parenting lacks which of the following?

Dialogue between parent and child

Children of working mothers engage in more gender stereotyping and hold less egalitarian views than children of mothers who stay home

False

Refers to the characteristics related to femininity and masculinity based on social and cultural norms

Gender

Which of the following statements about gender is true?

Gender refers to the characteristics of people as females or males.

According to Erikson's developmental stages, which emotion lowers self-esteem in young children?

Guilt

Play involves repetition of behavior when new skills are being learned or when physical or mental mastery and coordination of skills are required for games or sports

Practice

Television has _____ on children's development

Significant impact

Which of the following is true about the problems seen in children from divorced homes?

Their problems may be the result of the marital conflict that led to the divorce.

What parenting style encourages children to be independent but still places limits and controls on their actions?

authoritative parenting

Research has shown some children from divorced families are more likely to have which of the following?

drug issues,academic problems, depression, anxiety

Which of the following are self- conscious emotions?

guilt, shame, embarassment, and pride

Sensorimotor play is best defined as behavior engaged in by

infants to derive pleasure from exercising their sensorimotor schemas.

Development involves changes in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors regarding rules and conventions about what people should do when interacting with others

moral

What type of development involves thoughts, feelings, and behaviors regarding rules and conventions about what people should do in their interaction with other people?

moral

Children who exhibit the poorest adjustment to parental divorce are those that have been involved in how many parental divorces?

multiple

Yvonne and Gregory spend most of their leisure time with one another, leaving their child at home. They are more concerned with their own needs than those of their child. According to Baumrind, what parenting style do Yvonne and Gregory utilize?

neglectful

Who do young children identify with most during the initiative-versus-guilt stage?

parents

Children of about the same age or maturity level are described as

peers

Two friends are about the same age and maturity level. They are

peers

Which of the following constitute direct emotional abuse

psychological abuse mental injury verbal abuse

If the stresses and disruptions in the family are ______ by the move to a divorced, single-parent family, divorce can be advantageous.

reduced

The amount of time individuals spend with television, DVDs, computers, video games, and hand-held electronic devices such as smartphones is referred to as _____ time.

screen

After developing self awareness, children around the age of 18 months begin experiencing what type of emotions?

self-conscious