Soc Exam 2

In 2010,( ) of graduating high school students met ACT's benchmarks in math, reading,science, and English

24%

What is a bureaucracy?

A formal organization that efficiently coordinates people towards tasks

What do income, education, and occupation measure?

A person's socioeconomic status

Individuals who who the means of production in a capitalist society are called?

Capitalists

What is a system stratification in which class is ascribed at birth and cannot be changed called?

Caste System

Which of the following is defined as the process by which an innovation is spread throughout a social system?

Diffusion

What is hiring and promotion usually based on in bureaucracies?

Formal Qualifications

What do we call the process by which procedures become established in a formal organization?

Formalization

Which of the following occurs in formal organizations?

Goals are Cleary stated

According to structural functional theory, which of the following is NOT a latent function of education?

Learning to be a good worker

Which of the follow characteristics LEAST applies to a bureaucracy?

Personal Attention

Which of the following is NOT correct about open systems?

Statuses are determined at birth

What does the hidden curriculum in schools do?

Teach the values and norms that are needed to maintain the status quo.

According to conflict theorists, who uses the educational system to maintain their position?

The elite

What does credentialism mean?

The practice of requiring degrees for jobs regardless of skills

According to Weber, what is the basis of social life?

Wealth and life chances that allow the possibility to acquire wealth.

What is a split labor market

When the market provides upward mobility for some jobs but not for others.

Which of the following theories argues that core nations dominate the economies of peripheral nations?

World-systems theory

When first studying the factory worker, scientific management theorists assumed which of the following?

a "stupid" worker is most efficient

Regarding change, what do structural functionalists argue?

change disrupts systemic equilibrium

Why do conflict theorists suggest that social stratification occurs?

elites monopolize scare resources

In a ( ) system, all people are theoretically free to buy, sell, and make a profit.

free-market

( ), a way to increase profits, is when corporations take over similar businesses to reduce competition

horizontal expansion

( ) is the process by which industrial countries emerge as urban societies with lower birth rates and better healthcare

modernization

Regarding change, cyclical change theorists argue which of the following?

the decay of society is inevitable

According to structural functionalists, why do capitalist economies succeed?

they meet the basic needs of members of society

What do conflict theorists believe will happen to corporations without regulation?

they will ruthlessly exploit workers