SOC Marriage & Family

Today, only about __________ percent of American households fit the 1950s nuclear family ideal of a married couple with children, where only the husband is employed. 5 10 25

5

Which of the following groups have sex most often? married couples cohabitating couples

Cohabitating couples

What is the impact of communication technologies like e-mail, Skype, and GPS on families? The impact is unknown at this time. Communication technologies change the way families interact.

Communication technologies change the way families interact

________ in language and media convey gendered expectations. Egalitarian norms Cultural images Technology role playing

Cultural images

What is meant by the term postmodern family? -Families today exhibit a multiplicity of forms. -Any family formed after 1960.

Families today exhibit a multiplicity of forms.

Which of the following is true about the age at marriage today?

It is the highest recorded since the 1890 census

________ is an identity of someone who is attracted to various gender expressions, including those outside the gender-conforming binary.

Pansexual

Which of the following is NOT one of the four themes of the textbook? Personal decisions must be made throughout the life course. People are influenced by the society around them. We live in a society characterized by considerable change. Personal decision making had little impact on society

Personal decision making had little impact on society.

Which of the following appears to be attributable to following traditional gender expectations? Men have higher rates of poverty than women. The male death rate is higher than that for females. Men more often adjust their careers to accommodate family life.

The male death rate is higher than that for females.

According to the text, which of the following is NOT a current societal trend impacting families? a great increase in the number of pets in the family economic uncertainty

a great increase in the number of pets in the family

Evolutionary perspectives stress that stratification and the division of labor in society shape gender roles. In this view, it is __________ that produce the gendered behavior we see. androgynous roles adaptive strategies and skills

adaptive strategies and skills

Contrary to Internet and media reports, researchers point out that there is no evidence of _______. serial monogamy excessive sexual activity polygamous preferences an infidelity epidemic

an infidelity epidemic

To help accomplish ethical standards, most researchers now must have their research plans reviewed by the international business machine (IBM). an institutional review board (IRB). the internal revenue service (IRS).

an institutional review board (IRB).

In Kimmel's typology of camps within the men's movement, which group works to counter feminist interests by attending to men's rights? masculinists feminists antifeminists

antifeminists

The concept of "household" is broader than the of 'family" as it includes

any person residing in the home

Contemporary sexism denies that gender discrimination persists and includes the belief that women are asking for too much. earn less than men. have less upward mobility in the workplace.

are asking for too much.

Therapists suggest certain requirements of the offending partner of an extramarital affair, which include all BUT which of the following? apologize sincerely and without defending her or his behavior ask the spouse if they have had similar thoughts or feelings of infidelity allow and hear the verbally vented anger and rage of the offended partner

ask the spouse if they have had similar thoughts or feelings of infidelity

A photograph in the text depicts individuals waiting patiently for medical attention in a neighborhood clinic. Which group of scholars might speculate about whether the children seem to be secure, insecure/anxious or avoidant towards their parents? attachment theorists structure-functionalists family ecologists

attachment theorists

According to the text, a woman lives with a(n) __________ or a divided awareness that caregiving is most important to her, but it is not highly valued in society. demarcated identity modern dilemma bifurcated consciousness

bifurcated consciousness

According to the __________ perspective, men are naturally promiscuous whereas women are inclined to be selective and monogamous. structure-functional biosocial exchange

biosocial

From a(n) __________ perspective, we consider that humans are designed for the purpose of transmitting their genes to the next generation. interactionist social conflict structure functional biosocial

biosocial

The __________ perspective has been the basis for criticism of nonreproductive sexual relationships and the employment of mothers as contrary to nature. attachment feminist biosocial

biosocial

Which major advance in the 1960s made sexual activity more widespread? access to automobiles birth control pill

birth control pill

Pauline is attracted to persons of either sex. Pauline is

bisexual.

Personal experience provides us with information, but it can also act as _________, which is why we need scientific study. evidence blinders tools

blinders

Family _________ theorists posit that today's family forms need to be seen as historically expected adjustments to changing conditions. decline social change

change

A sense of one's sexual identity begins in _________. adolescence adulthood puberty childhood

childhood

Asexuality differs from abstinence in that the latter is a _________ childhood development conscious choice brain chemistry

conscious choice

We live in a society characterized by ________________ change, including increased ethnic, economic, and family diversity. little slight considerable

considerable

In an experiment, the ______ group receives no special intervention. experimental treatment control

control

The _______ of men's and women's roles reflects a dramatic change since the gender roles of 1950s and before. convergence equalization differentiation

convergence

Native American women's political power ________ with European invasion. increased did not change declined

declined

Over the past five decades, fertility in the United States has -increased dramatically. -declined.

declined

Deciding about, rather than sliding into, a situation involves looking at the alternatives, not just picking the ________ choice. easiest basic

easiest

Family change is attributed to which of the following influences? hopelessness economic trends and cultural changes

economic trends and cultural changes

A relative absence of assertiveness and ambition characterizes our expectations of women, who are thought to embody __________ character traits. agentic instrumental expressive

expressive

Warmth, sensitivity, tenderness, and placing concern about others' welfare above self-interest can be classified as __________ character traits. instrumental expressive agentic

expressive

Family togetherness, stability, and loyalty are all examples of familistic (communal) values. self-fulfillment values.

familistic (communal) values.

Scholars and advocates with a __________ perspective point to what they see as a negative cultural change accentuated by excessive individualism and self-indulgence. family decline family change

family decline

A photograph in the text depicts individuals waiting patiently for medical attention in a neighborhood clinic. Which group of scholars might remark on the quality of the facilities or speculate about the home that these people live in? family ecologists family developmentalists structure-functionalists

family ecologists

Which of the following theoretical perspectives is concerned with the impact of family policy? attachment family systems family ecology

family ecology

________________ is made up of the ideas and feelings about the uniqueness and value of one's family unit, which often emerges in family traditions, rituals and celebrations. Family identity DNA pool

family identity

The __________ perspective is focused on several things, including confronting and reducing oppression and patterns of subordination based on such factors as social class, race, and ethnicity, age and sexual orientation. feminist interactionist exchange

feminist

A photograph in the text depicts individuals waiting patiently for medical attention in a neighborhood clinic. Which group of scholars might point out that, typically, it is mothers and not fathers who are primarily responsible for their children's health—and ask why? family system theorists structure-functionalists feminists

feminists

A recent study among immigrants found that relationships "based not on blood or marriage but rather on religious rituals or close friendship ties" can serve as a functional alternative to the nuclear family. According to the text, what are these relationships called? non-fiction fellows fake family fictive kin

fictive kin

A central focus of the feminist theory is on__________ issues. practical gender

gender

A highly masculine male who paints his fingernails pink is BEST described as an example of homosexuality. gender bending. gender role privilege.

gender bending.

Parents, teachers, and pediatricians wrestle with issues of ________ and how much children should be able to define themselves if they are like the "other" gender. gender bending gender socialization gender variance

gender variance

In all couple types—gay, lesbian, heterosexual cohabitants, and married couples—within each group, sexual satisfaction was associated with general relationship satisfaction. variety of sexual expression

general relationship satisfaction.

Economic _________has affected bread-winning and consumption in American families. globalization immunization polarization

globalization

The emotional dimension of decision making is referred to in the text as the gut factor. ga-ga principle. no-think dimension.

gut factor.

Suzanne and Paul obtained a complete list of all 500 students in their marriage and family class. Starting with the first student on the list, each student was assigned a number ranging from 1 to 500. Then, Paul and Suzanne selected for their study every 10th number on the list. Clearly, they were trying to ensure that their research had a representative sample. was free of human error. was longitudinal.

had a representative sample.

The divorce rate has declined since 1980 continues to increase over time

has declined since 1980

The text points out that each data collection technique has strengths and weaknesses. is unethical at times

has strengths and weaknesses.

The text points out that some music videos broadcast shockingly violent misogynist messages, meaning that these presentations communicate which sentiment toward women? cynicism hatred pessimism

hatred

The Census Bureau uses which of the following terms to describe a person or a group of people residing together? household family extended family.

household

Compared to 50 years ago, marriage is not as __________ to Americans. important unimportant

important

Which of the following is attributed to the U.S. by "family-change" scholars? patriotism as a source of family pride declining values in family matters inadequate support for families

inadequate support for families

The heterosexual transmission of HIV/AIDS is ____________. staying relatively steady increasing

increasing

Valuing personal happiness and goals and the development of distinct identity is a(n) ________ value. -individualistic -familistic

individualistic

A photograph in the text depicts individuals waiting patiently for medical attention in a neighborhood clinic. Which group of scholars would be inclined to explore the body language of the people awaiting attention? interaction-constructionists exchange theorists structure-functionalists

interaction-constructionists

According to the __________ theoretical perspective on human sexuality, women and men are seen as being influenced by cultural messages about how we are to be sexual. developmental interpersonal exchange interactionist structure functional

interactionist

African American and Latino women consider racial/ethnic as well as gender discrimination in setting their priorities. In fact, their feminist views are characterized by ___________, or structural connections among race, class, and gender. ethnocentrism intersectionality

intersectionality

Transgender and _______ individuals challenge the existing classifications of gender. intersex unisexed bigendered

intersex

The text concludes that the best way to make decisions about our personal lives is to make them

knowledgeably

The text concludes that the best way to make decisions about our personal lives is to make them by default. knowledgeably

knowledgeably

Latino men are stereotyped as extremely patriarchal, following a cultural ideal of agenticism. machismo. internalization.

machismo

According to the text, over time, cohabitation has become "mainstream." "secondary."

mainstream

Overall, gender schema theorists see gender schema as __________ traditional stereotypes. contradicting actively opposing maintaining

maintaining

On the societal level, __________ is the assignment to men of greater control and influence over society's institutions. androgyny masculine dominance misogyny

masculine dominance

In Kimmel's typology of camps within the men's movement, which group emerged in the 1990s and tends not to focus on patriarchy as problematic? masculinists feminists antifeminists

masculinists

Which of the following is NOT listed by your text as a major family function? -meeting sexual desires -providing members with economic and other practical support

meeting sexual desires

In __________________ the researcher spends extensive time with respondents and carefully records their activities, conversations, gestures, and other aspects of everyday life. conducting surveys historical research naturalistic observation

naturalistic observation

The family ecology perspective believes every family is embedded in a set of _________, which exist outside of the family and influence it. biological roles internal features nested structures

nested structures

The _________ hypothesis proposes that work-marriage-family sequence is thought to be best for mental health and happiness. normative order family systems

normative order

The text lists several reasons that teens choose to be abstinent. Which is NOT one of these? not interested in sex fear of parents

not interested in sex

According to the text, one disadvantage of survey research is it depends on the fact that an adequate survey must be "in person," not a mailed questionnaire. participants' honesty, motivation, and ability to respond.

participants' honesty, motivation, and ability to respond.

Today's family ecologists stress the interdependence of all the world's families, not only with one another but also with our planet's __________ environment. internal physical family

physical

Which of the following is NOT a key concept of exchange theory? physical environment resources family power

physical environment

For a couple to assume sexual responsibility and experience freedom in sexual expression, the text emphasizes one important element is needed in the relationship. What is this element? planning time to be alone and intimate physical fitness and attractiveness financial resources

planning time to be alone and intimate

Sexting is _________. online dating and mate seeking the outcome of strict parenting posting or sending sexually suggestive messages or pictures

posting or sending sexually suggestive messages or pictures

Among immigrants, males may lose some masculine _______ because of the changing gender roles upon entering the U.S. privilege participation

privilege

In Kimmel's typology of camps within the men's movement, which group supports feminists in their opposition to patriarchy? antifeminists profeminists masculinists

profeminists

A feminine expectation that has emerged over the past thirty years is that of the "__________ woman," who is independent, ambitious, and self-confident. bureaucratic ideal professional

professional

One current controversy regarding sex education involves school districts providing contraceptives for low-income adolescents. creating choice-oriented programs that teach students how to engage in "safe sex."

providing contraceptives for low-income adolescents.

As the age of puberty has declined, the age at marriage has ___________

risen.

According to the family life course development framework, each developmental task has a certain order in which major transitions to adult roles take place, called _______. role sequencing in a row appropriate age staging

role sequencing

Jacob has a partner of the opposite sex. This behavior involves Jacob's sexual identity. gender identity.

sexual identity.

The American Psychological Association does not support _________ through psychotherapy, support groups, or other efforts. These attempts often have negative side effects. sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE) pansexual community change (PCC) sexual dormancy exploration summits (SDES)

sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE)

Since the 1970s, American parents have reported treating their sons and daughters similarly. somewhat differently. very differently.

similarly.

The pressure to achieve and the isolation of children from busy parents are all part of the __________ environment. social-cultural human-built

social-cultural

Which is the phrase used to describe economic and social forces that limit personal choices? mass confusion structural constraints cultural baggage

structural constraints

What marks the end of the family life cycle, according to the text? the death of a spouse the children leaving home

the death of a spouse

The U.S. Census Bureau defines a family as two or more persons sharing a household and who are related by blood, marriage, or adoption. any group of people residing together.

two or more persons sharing a household and who are related by blood, marriage, or adoption

Children are maturing about __________ than they were one hundred years ago. a year earlier two years earlier a year later

two years earlier

Theoretical perspectives are ways of conducting scientific tests and measurements of reality. viewing reality; or ways an observer may view, organize and interpret reality.

viewing reality; or ways an observer may view, organize and interpret reality.

Cross-culturally and historically, it appears that ___________ societies have been characterized by some degree of masculine dominance. virtually all most some

virtually all

Images of men as instrumental and women as expressive are based on pre-war accounts of expectations. white, middle-class heterosexuals.

white, middle-class heterosexuals.

Many employers have redefined family -with respect to employee benefit packages. -to prevent economic uncertainty.

with respect to employee benefit packages.

In its original form, the double standard meant that women should have fewer partners than men have. men should be faithful to their wives, but wives may have relations with other men. women should not have sex before or outside of marriage, but men can.

women should not have sex before or outside of marriage, but men can.