Social Capital and Collective Efficacy (13)

features of social capital

-Characteristic of the relations and interaction between individuals, groups of individuals, organizations, and institutions -A feature of the neighborhood, community, and/or society to which the individual belongs -Essential mechanism to achieve better social and economic outcomes

4 strategies for place-based interventions to revitalize disadvantaged neighborhoods (READING)

-Establishing community-based strategy as the basis for action, planning, and implementation -Developing and implementing a plan of action that includes multilevel approach -Creating a framework for evaluation of health outcomes, program effectiveness -Adopting a plan for continuous, responsive, and meaningful communication between community and stakeholders

four mechanisms that link social capital to health

-Improved access to health relevant information -Informal care and support ca be provided in case of illness -Influences access to services and amenities -Social control over unhealthy behavior

high level social capital can promote:

-ensure access to services such as transportation, community health clinics, and recreational facilities -well-organized, connected groups are more effective in lobbying: health insurance, traffic regulations, sport facilities, green space areas

Explain why strong social cohesion does not necessarily lead to healthy neighborhood

-many poor communities may fail to mobilize action for the common good because in these setting the dense social ties do not lead to collective efficacy

collective impact and collective efficacy (READING)

-place-based intervention model -mechanism for creating change on a large-scale -cross-sectional collaboration and shared efforts to address complex community problems by aligning public and private partnerships while fully engaging residents

Bridging social capital

-relations of respect and mutuality between people who know they are not alike in some sociodemographic sense -different age, ethnic group, social class etc.

Bonding social capital

-trusting and cooperative relations between members who see themselves as being similar in terms of their shared social identity

health promoting intervention when social capital is low

interventions may need to focus on a more individual level

collective efficacy

= the ability of community residents (and their advocates) to mobilize for action to solve shared problems

social cohesion

= the extent of connectedness and solidarity among groups in a society -the absence of latent social conflict -the presence of strong social bonds

social capital

= the networks, norms, and social trust that facilitate cooperation for mutual benefit -resources available to members of a social group -might facilitate actions of individuals within the social structure

health promoting intervention when social capital is high

the intervention may seek to use existing strong social networks to address behavior