Social Issues in Sport (Ch. 1)

What are the 3 domains of sport science?

(1) Biophysical, (2) psychosocial (3) sociocultural. Integrating knowledge from different sport sciences allows us to better interpret their collective information.

What are the 3 sport science areas of study within the Sociocultural domain?

(1) Sport history, (2) Philosophy of sport, (3) Sport sociology

What are the 3 sport science areas of study within the Psychosocial domain?

(1) Sport psychology, (2) Motor learning & behavior, (3) Pedagogy

Play

1. Free activity that involves exploration, self-expression, dreaming and pretending. 2. No rules 3. Outcome is unimportant 4. No specific purpose

Why study sport & physical activity?

1. Sport is an integral part of everyday life and often impacts how we view ourselves, our bodies, and the world at large. 2. Sport builds connections with strangers and communities. 3. Sport provides identities for cities and schools. 4. Sport provides role models in our society. 5. Sport affects our culture, traditions, and values. 6. Sport highlights difficult issues/deviant activity

Sport pyramid

4 elements of human activity 1. Play 2. Games 3. Sport 4. Work

Games

Aspect of play with greater stucter

Work

Athletes participation in high level of sport perceive sport as work especially if it is the source of their livelihood. Also at lower levels when their intrinsic motivation diminishes.

Philosophy of sport

Examines the definition, value, and meaning of sport.

Sports medicine

Examines the prevention, care, and rehabilitation of injuries caused by participation in physical activity.

Sociocultural domain

Focuses on physical activity from the perspective of the sciences of history, philosophy, and sociology.

Psychosocial domain

Focuses on physical activity from the standpoint of the science of psychology.

Biophysical domain

Focuses on physical activity from the viewpoint of sciences of biomechanics, physiology & medicine. 4 areas include 1) biomechanics, 2) exercise physiology 3) nutrition 4) sports medicine.

Sport

Higher order of play 1. Physical 2. Competitive 3. Outcome is important 4. Institutionalized 5. Specific facility, rules and equipment

Nutrition

How food, drink affect performance.

What are the psychological benefits of sport?

Improve self-esteem and self-confidence. Enhance body image. Enhance perception of physical competence. Decrease anxiety and depression.

What is the costs of sport?

Often due to an overemphasis on winning or "exercise addiction" Over-training injuries Use of unhealthy substances to improve performance Eating disorders Amenorrhea Premature osteoporosis

What are the physical benefits of sports?

Reduce risk of heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Reduce risk of some cancers. Improve body composition and weight control. Strengthen the immune system. Enhance bone health.

Why should you study sport?

Sport is studied for personal development, scholarly understanding, and professional practice. Through studying sport we can recognize historical precedents in sport, health, and physical activity.

Exercise physiology

Study of human systems to enhance strength, speed, and endurance in performance toward Olympic ideal of higher, faster, stronger.

Biomechanics

Study of the structure and function of biological systems through application of principles of physics to human motion.

Pedagogy

The study and art of teaching. It focuses on the teacher or coach who creates the learning environment and assists the learning of sport skills.

Sport sciences

The study and function of physical activity.

Sociology

The study of a society, it's institutions, and its relationships.

Sport psychology

The study of human behavior in sport, including enhancing performance and treating disorders that affect optimal performance.

Motor learning behavior

The study of relatively permanent changes in motor behavior that result from practice or experience. It focuses on how people learn to perform motor skills and patterns efficiently and retain the ability even under pressure.

Sport sociology

The study of sport and physical activity within the context of the social conditions and culture in which people live.

Sport history

The study of the tradition and practices of physical activity and sport over time within different countries, cultures, and civilizations.