Social Psychology Chapter 5

What does it mean if someone is androgynous?

If someone is androgynous, it means that they are mixing both masculine and feminine characteristics.

** What is personal space and how do different cultures vary?

Personal space is the buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies. Cultural differences in how close we allow others to be to us.

What are the Big 5 Social Beliefs?

The Big 5 Social Beliefs are cynicism, social complexity, reward for application, spirituality, and fate control.

What are the gender differences in each of these? JOBS

The gender differences in JOBS is that women gravitate toward jobs that reduce inequalities and prefer charity work, while men gravitate toward jobs that enhance inequalities and prefer corporate advertising.

What are the gender differences in each of these? MATING PREFERENCES

The gender differences in MATING PREFERENCES is that men seek out quantity so that they can spread their genes widely, and women seek out quality to protect and nurture their offspring.

What are the gender differences in each of these? PLAY

The gender differences in PLAY is that girls play intimately, less aggressively, and in smaller groups.

What are the gender differences in each of these? SEXUALITY

The gender differences in SEXUALITY is that men more often think about and initiate sex, while women are more inspired by emotional passion.

What are the gender differences in each of these? SMILING

The gender differences in SMILING is women have a higher rate of smiling.

What are the gender differences in each of these? AGGRESSION

The gender differences in AGGRESSION are physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt someone, in the U.S., the arrest ratio of male to female is 10 to 1~ when provocation occurs the gender gap shrinks, women are slightly more likely to commit indirect aggressive acts like spreading malicious gossip.

What are the gender differences in each of these? EMPATHY

The gender differences in EMPATHY is women are more likely to describe themselves as empathetic.

What are the gender differences in each of these? FAMILY RELATIONS

The gender differences in FAMILY RELATIONS is that women spend more time caregiving and bonding families.

What are the gender differences in each of these? FRIENDSHIP

The gender differences in FRIENDSHIP is that it is more relational and more personal for females.

What are natural selection and evolutionary psychology?

Natural selection is the evolutionary process by which heritable traits that best enable organisms to survive and reproduce in particular environments are passed to ensuing generations. Evolutionary psychology is the study of the evolution of cognition and behavior using principles of natural selection.

What is a norm?

Norms are standards for accepted and expected behavior. Norms prescribe "proper" behavior.

What are the gender differences in each of these? SOCIAL DOMINANCE

The gender differences in SOCIAL DOMINANCE is that men are socially dominant, women's wages in industrial countries average 77 percent of men's, men tend to be more autocratic; women more democratic, and men take more risks.

What are the norms of war?

The norms of war are uniforms, surrenders, humanely treated prisoners, and cross-cultural, not universal.

What are the universal status norms?

The universal status norms are higher or lower class, formal or informal speech, and Brown's universal norms.

How are expressiveness, punctuality, and rule-breaking influenced by culture?

~Expressiveness is influenced by culture by interpreting how we communicate. ~Punctuality is influenced by culture by differences in what is acceptable. ~Rule-breaking is influenced by culture by how likely you are to follow if social norms are being violated.

**What are universal friendship norms and trait dimensions?

~Universal friendship norms include respect or eye contact. ~Universal trait dimensions include outgoing, agreeable or conscientious.