Social Psychology Test 3

Liz promised her boyfriend Mark that she would pick up his shirts from the drycleaners, but she neglected to do so because work was especially busy. When mark gets home and sees he has no clean shirts for tomorrow, he thinks "she really doesn't care about my needs at all. I'm so sick of this." Mark's reaction could be best described as an example of which of the following

A distress-enhancing attribution

Karrie volunteers at her local soup kitchen every week because she is concerned about the welfare of those who are less fortunate. Karrie's behavior would be best characterized as what?

Altruistic

The empathy-altruism hypothesis maintains that, regardless of how easy it is to escape from a situation, people will help someone else if their motive are:

Altruistic

Which of the following may impair our ability to interpret a situation as an emergency?

Ambiguity

The finding that infants spend more time looking at attractive, as compared to unattractive faces supports the hypothesis that:

Beauty is objective

When a man spends money on expensive cars, fancy restaurant dinners, and stylish clothes, it may be an evolved sexually selected mating signal known as what?

Conspicuous consumption

Ashley, who watches a lot of violent television shows as well as documentaries about violent crime, thinks that the world is much more violent than it really is. her overestimate is likely to be due to what?

Cultivation

Bandera and colleagues' (1961) Bobo doll study on aggressive behavior in children

Demonstrated that children will follow an adult model's lead in terms of degree and nature of aggression.

When Helen first started playing the new Blood Bath Beach Party video game, the extremely violent images made her cringe and feel sick. Now she has played the game so many times that se barely even notices such images. This best illustrates which of the following processes?

Desensitization

Mary hears her neighbor's burglar alarm go off in the middle of the night, but she doesn't call the police because she assumes that one of the other neighbors will do so. Mary's failure to call the police is the result of:

Diffusion of responsibility

Aggressing against a substitute target because aggressive acts against the source of the frustration are inhibited by fear or lack of access is called?

Displacement

When his wife tells him that he cannot go out bowling with the guys, Homer gets mad and yells at his son, Bart. Homer's behavior illustrates of which of the following?

Displacement

Daryl volunteers his time to his local community center because he thinks it will look good on his college applications. Daryl's behavior would best be described as:

Egoistic

Which scenario best illustrates aggression?

Ginger kicks Mary Anne in the shin to stop her from eating the last coconut cream pie?

Ben feels like he isn't a good enough husband to his wife, Nikki and is unfairly getting more out of the relationship than she is. According to equity theory, which of the following is Ben most likely to do?

Go out of his way to benefit Nikki more.

What are the basic components of love according to Sternberg's triangular theory of love?

Intimacy, passion, and commitment

Which statement is true concerning a culture of honor?

It is a product of socialization that can influence tendency to aggress

The principle of kin selection is based on the assumption that:

It is the survival of genes (rather than the individual) that matters most from an evolutionary perspective.

Although she treat him badly, John stays with his girlfriend Kate because he does not believe he would be able to find anyone better. From a social exchange theory standpoint, John has a:

Low comparison level of alternatives

One way that alcohol can increase aggression is by narrowing people's focus of attention. This phenomenon is called alcohol

Myopia

The proposition that people help others in order to counteract their own feelings of sadness is called the model.

Negative state relief.

Which social norm suggests that people whoa re fairly well-off in life should use their position to help those who are in need?

Norm of equity

Which statement is most accurate regarding the human need for affiliation?

People are motivated to maintain their own optimum balance of time alone and social contact.

What is the cognitive component of empathy that involves seeing the world through someone else's eyes called?

Perspective taking

According to Jones and Neria's (2015) research on The Dark Triad and aggression, psychopathy positively predicts what type of aggression

Physical Aggression

What is the single best predictor of whether two people will get together is:

Physical proximity

Matthew notices that the passenger seated across from him on the bus has his eyes closed and hasn't moved in a while. Matthew looks around and sees that no one else seems too concerned about this man. He concludes that the other passengers must know there isn't an emergency and that the man does not require an help. Matthew's line of thinking best epitomizes which concept?

Pluralistic ignorance

Robby finds that he gains the admiration of his peers when he acts aggressively towards the new transfer student. Robby's behavior is encouraged through:

Positive reinforcement

Regarding aggressive behaviors, when the aggressive behavior produces a desire outcome it Is blank . When the aggressive behavior prevents or stops an undesirable outcome it is blank .

Positive reinforcement; negative reinforcement

When Mariella found out that her brother Matthew had pulled the heads off all of her Barbie dolls, she hurled her Easy Bake oven at him. Mariella's behavior best illustrates aggression.

Reactive

Ella always tries to be helpful because she believes it increases her chances of receiving help in the future. Ella's thinking best reflects the concept of:

Reciprocal Altruism

In order to help his fellow college students, Danny creates a website where individuals can share their notes and answer equations for others whenever they can, and not just download notes to help themselves. The website best reflects the concept of:

Reciprocal altruism

The theory that behavior is learned through the observation of others as well as through the direct experience of rewards and punishments is called?

Social learning theory

Joshua was on a crowded subway during rush hour and did not notice when a man fell and lost consciousness. Which of the following could account for his failure to notice the emergency?

Stimulus overload

"I-sharing" refers to an important form of similarity whereby individuals share:

Subjective experiences

Sam has a heart attack while riding the bus. Although he is surrounded by other people no one on the bus attempts to help him. This exemplifies:

The bystander effect

Research on the typical marital trajectory suggests that during middle age, once a couple's children have grown up and left the home:

The couple's martial satisfaction will likely increase

Which of the following best illustrates the weapons effect?

The presence of weapons can act as an aggression cue that increases the likelihood of aggressive behaviors.

Which of the following is not one of the necessary conditions for punishment to effectively decrease aggressive behavior?

The punishment must involve inflicting physical pain on the aggressor.

Which of the following supports the notion that physical attractiveness is an Objective quality?

There is a high cross-cultural agreement in ratings of attractiveness

Research on physical attractiveness and helping indicates that:

We are more likely to help attractive people than unattractive people

According to the evolutionary perspective, heterosexual women prefer:

Wealthier men because wealth is the criterion they use to estimate their best chances for success for their offspring.

A(n) blank relationship is one in which partners expect and desire mutual responsiveness to one another's needs.

communal

Ken just finished working out at the gym. On his way to the locker room, he passes Barbie, a very pretty woman. Ken feels his heart pounding and is convinced that he must be in love with Barbie. Ken's feelings are best explained by:

excitation transfer

Sally is a 42-year-old woman who has wanted to find a husband for many years. She has had several successful dating relationships, but they never seem to "go the distance." In addition, Sally does not have a true "best friend" to rely on in times of personal distress. Sally is likely experiencing blank loneliness.

intimate

According to social exchange theory, what is an individual's primary motive one establishing and maintaining relationships?

maximizing rewards and minimizing costs.

Jane attends a large Intro to Psych class every Tuesday and Thursday throughout her first semester at college. According to the mere exposure effect, Jane should:

more positively evaluate the face of the guy who sat in front of her in class all semester than the face of a stranger.

Karen hurls an insult right back at Ed after he makes a comment mocking her cooking ability. This interaction best illustrates which of the following?

negative affect reciprocity

Through women are at least as likely as men to aggress in an intimate relationship, a key difference in that:

women are much more likely to be hurt or killed as a result compared to men.