Social Studies 2024

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Tamil Tigers

TERRORISTS, Sri Lanka began '70 bc student protest bc limited # Tamil uni. students

Lord Curzon

Viceroy of India

Sayyid Ahmad Khan

Wanted 2 rethink Islamic Heritage + Religious customs 2 work in modern world

Bhagavad Gita

Hindu book, response 2 Buddhism + made reaching moksha easier

Annapurna

Hindu goddess of food, cooking, nourishment, and care (everyday offerings of prasad are given to the elderly and disabled)

Jawharlal Nehru

Ind. 1st PM liked demo. cld wr neutrality, & economic+social reform

Aurobindo Ghose

Ind. philosopher, yogi, maharishi, poet, journalist & Ind. nationalist. (edited Vande Mataram)

Rajiv Gandhi

Indira Gandhi's son & inherited PM of India; killed by a car bomb while campaigning

Adam's Bridge

Islam believes that Adam crossed over the limestone shoals after he got expelled from Garden of Eden. (coast Sri-Lanka/South East coast India)

King Mahendra

King Nepal 1955- '72. he ruled during susp. Nepal's 1st demo. experiment in '50+ Panchayat system. his decisions very important.

Arunachal Pradesh

Largest state in NE India + the most diverse in mammals and birds in all of India

Bahadur Shah Zafar

Last Mughal King (made ind. rebellion legit)

Lord Louis Mountbatten

Last Viceroy Ind.

Velupillai Prabhakaran

Led Tamil Tigers

Dominion of Ceylon

Modern Day Sri-Lanka

Rabindranath Tagore

Nobel Prize-winning Ind. author + poet

Mohandas Karamchand Ghandi

Non-Violent resist Ind. from Brit. Rule, Inspired civil rights & freedom movements, Lawyer & Protester

Adwaita

male Aldabra giant tortoise- lived 255 years

Liaquat Ali Khan

member of the founding fathers Paki. 1st PM Paki.

Milkha Singh

only person 2 get 400m gold @ Asian Games + Commonwealth games (Flying Sikh)

Adivasis

original inhabitants of the Indian subcontinent

Awami League

political party in E. Paki. wanted independence from W. Paki.

Ziaur Rahman

pres. Bangladesh, found bang. national. prty. + chaired until assassination

Sepoy Rebellion/Mutiny

revolt ind. soldiers 1857 against practices violated religion

Viceroy

rules as representative of King or Sovereign

Panchayat system

self- gov. local lead. make decisions for their town !tries 2b fair!

Abdus Salam

shared '79 Nobel Prize 4 electroweak unification theory

Assam

state known 4 tea, silk, 1st oil drilling site in Asia, & one of the last wild Asian elephant habitats

Kazi Nazrul Islam

the voice of Bengali nationalism. National poet of Bangladesh.

Sirimavo Bandaranaike

!!1st Fem. PM EVER!! chaired SLFP, 3x PM, 2x Chief Exec., & 1x pres. system.

Sheikh Hasina Wazed

(NOW) 10th PM Bangladesh

Mohamed Nasheed

(NOW) 19th Speaker People's Majlis. helped found Maldives Demo. prty- pres. maldives '08-'12

Nawaz Sharif

(NOW) PM Pakistan

Narendra Modi

(NOW) PM. Ind.

Asif Ali Zardari

(NOW) pres. Pakistan

Shehbaz Sharif

(NOW) pres. paki. muslim league + PM paki.

B.R. Ambedkar

Headed commit. drafted Ind. Nat. Const., 1st Jawaharlal Nehru Cabinet as Law+Justice minister, Inspired Dalit Buddhism bc/ renounced Hinduism.

Khaleda Zia

!1st Female PM Elec. in Muslim maj. country! (Bangladesh)

Druk Gyalpo

"dragon king"

Mohammad Iqbal

"poet of the east" - " nat. poet of Pakisan" - gave idea 4 Pakistan OR sep. Muslim State w/ poems

Ahimsa

Hindu belief- nonviolence + respect 4 all life

Sarojini Naidu

1 of Ind. 1st fem. leaders (nightingale of India)

Battle of Plassey

1757 battle- gave brit. control over ind.

A. K. Fazlul

1916- Pres. All Ind. Muslim League. Formed Lucknow Pact w/ INC

Amritsar Massacre

1919- Brit. troops fired on an unarmed crowd of Ind. protesting Rowlatt Act. (killed hundreds)

Chandrika Kumaratunga

1st (only fem.) Pres. Sri Lanka

Kalpana Chawla

1st Fem. of Ind. Origin 2 go 2 Space, 1st & 2nd flight Space shuttle Columbia, died on re-entry, got Congressional Space Medal of Honor.

Dadabhai Naoroji

1st Ind. elected to Brit. Parliament. Wrote Poverty+Brit. Rule in Ind.

Vallabhbhai Patel

1st dep. PM Ind. (iron man india) threatened w/ military that ALL 575 states must b prt of Ind.

Madurai Shanmukhavadivu Subbulakshmi

1st ind. singer to get Bharat Ratna award + Ramon Magsaysay award.

Muhammad Amin Didi

1st pres. Maldives, Prin. of Rayyithunge Muthagaddim Party Modernize, (Advancement of Women, Education, Fishing, & Tobacco Ban.

Ibrahim Nasir

2nd pres. Ind. Repub. Maldives !COMMITTED GENOCIDE @Havaru Thinadhoo!

Ayub Khan

2nd pres. Pakistan 1958-'74. got control in '58- staged elections. 1st Paki. Mili. leader.

Jigme Dorji Wangchuck

3rd Druk Gyalpo of Bhutan. opened Bhutan 2 outside world, modernization, & started democratization.

Indira Ghandi

3rd PM of India, daughter became India's 6th PM

Zulfikar Ali Bhutto

4th Pres. Pakistan, 9th PM Pakistan, founded PPP & Chaired until execution.

Bengal Famine of 1943

Bad harvests + a cyclone + rice fungi. US + Canada offer aid, not given. 2.1-3 million died

Land of The Thunder Dragon

Bhutan bc of storms

Balochistan

Biggest Province of Pakistan, connects Afghanistan w/ Central Asian Republics

Allan Octavian Hume

Brit- felt bad- started INC

Prince Siddhartha Gautama

Buddha; founded Buddhism

Pratibha Patil

CURRENT pres. ind. 1st fem. mem. INC

B.P. Koirala

Form. P.M. Nepal, led Nepal Cong. & Soc. Demo. prty

Benazir Bhutto

Former PM of Pakistan, 1st Female PM to lead in Muslim Maj., Led Pakistani People's Party (PPP), Assassinated 2007

Guru Nanak

Founded Sikhism

Imran Khan

PM Pakistan August 2018-2022 CRIMINAL Exposed official documents 4 political gain + incited civilian violence resulting in deadly protests

Mahinda Rajapaksa

PM Sri Lanka 2019-'22

Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq

Pakistan mili. officer + 6th pres. pakistan

Malala Yousafzai

Pakistan. activist 4 fem. edu.

Pervez Musharraf

Pakistani general; Pakistan coup '99- became president

Hussain Muhammad Ershad

Pres of Bangladesh 1983-1990 (considered military dictatorship), Got power through peaceful coup, declared himself pres. after rigged election, forced resign after mass uprising, founded Jatiya Party & won all other elections.

Maumoon Abdul Gayoom

Pres. Maldives 1978-2008, focused stability + reforms. Credited w/ making Maldives a Democracy

"Netaji"

Respected/Revered Leader 1st used in Germany 4 Bose

Bharata

Sanskrit name 4 India (land that nurtures and supports)

Adi Granth

Sikhism's #1 sacred book/text

Solomon Bandaranaike

Silver Bell of Asia, 4th PM Dom. of Ceylon, founded Sinhalese Nationalist Sri Lanka Freedom Party, assassinated 1959.

Muhammad Fareed Didi

Sultan of the Maldives, Disposed when became a Republic, died following year @ Maldives.

Bangalore

big city + Ind. leading software exp.

Rasipuram Krishnaswami Iyer Narayanaswami

big writer of early brit. ind. lit.

prasad

blessed or holy foods offered to gods/goddesses in Hinduism

Cyril Radcliffe

brit judge supposed to divide Ind. + Paki. DID NOT DO GOOD

William Jones

came up w/ relationships Indo-European languages (founded Asiatic Society) + Muhammedan Law of Inheritance + Hindu & Muslim laws

Ravi Shankar

famous sitar player

Abdul Qadeer Khan

father Pakistan nuc. weap. prog. (charged by Pak. Mili. court w/ giving nuc. weap. info 2 Iran, Libya, & North Korea

G. G. Ponnambalam

found All Ceylon Tamil Congress

Mohammad Ali Jinnah

founded + first gov. gen. Pakistan. Leader of All-Ind Muslim League 1913-1947

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman

founded Awami Party of E. Paki.

Muhammad

founded Islam

Mother Teresa

founded Mission. of Charity @ Calcutta '50. spoke to sick, orphaned, poor, dying for 50+ yrs. Nobel Peace Prize '79. Beatified by Pope John Paul II '05

Bay of Bengal

has crucial maritime trade route + vital in global geopolitics

Bharat Ratna award

highest ind. civilian honor

Swami Vivekanada

imp. religious fig. wanted new hinduism 2 help "spiritually impoverished" west.

Begum Rokeya

important fem. bengali fem. (sepcificallly education 4 muslim fem.)

Tata Group

ind. biggest industrial empire

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam

ind. scientist + political leader (11th pres. ind.) developed ind. missile & nuc. weap. programs

Andaman and Nicobar Islands

islands give India commanding position over Sea Lines of Communication + ship traffic thro Indian and Pacific Oceans

Atal Bihari Vajpayee

leads Hindu nat. prty in India

Mangal Pandey

led Sepoy Rebellion

Subhas Chandra Bose

led after Gandhi was arrested, Part of INC, Defied brit. authority in Ind., Allied w/ Japan & Germany, Died 1945 Japanese bomber crash

J. R. D. Tata

made 1st ind. airline


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