Social Studies 2024
Tamil Tigers
TERRORISTS, Sri Lanka began '70 bc student protest bc limited # Tamil uni. students
Lord Curzon
Viceroy of India
Sayyid Ahmad Khan
Wanted 2 rethink Islamic Heritage + Religious customs 2 work in modern world
Bhagavad Gita
Hindu book, response 2 Buddhism + made reaching moksha easier
Annapurna
Hindu goddess of food, cooking, nourishment, and care (everyday offerings of prasad are given to the elderly and disabled)
Jawharlal Nehru
Ind. 1st PM liked demo. cld wr neutrality, & economic+social reform
Aurobindo Ghose
Ind. philosopher, yogi, maharishi, poet, journalist & Ind. nationalist. (edited Vande Mataram)
Rajiv Gandhi
Indira Gandhi's son & inherited PM of India; killed by a car bomb while campaigning
Adam's Bridge
Islam believes that Adam crossed over the limestone shoals after he got expelled from Garden of Eden. (coast Sri-Lanka/South East coast India)
King Mahendra
King Nepal 1955- '72. he ruled during susp. Nepal's 1st demo. experiment in '50+ Panchayat system. his decisions very important.
Arunachal Pradesh
Largest state in NE India + the most diverse in mammals and birds in all of India
Bahadur Shah Zafar
Last Mughal King (made ind. rebellion legit)
Lord Louis Mountbatten
Last Viceroy Ind.
Velupillai Prabhakaran
Led Tamil Tigers
Dominion of Ceylon
Modern Day Sri-Lanka
Rabindranath Tagore
Nobel Prize-winning Ind. author + poet
Mohandas Karamchand Ghandi
Non-Violent resist Ind. from Brit. Rule, Inspired civil rights & freedom movements, Lawyer & Protester
Adwaita
male Aldabra giant tortoise- lived 255 years
Liaquat Ali Khan
member of the founding fathers Paki. 1st PM Paki.
Milkha Singh
only person 2 get 400m gold @ Asian Games + Commonwealth games (Flying Sikh)
Adivasis
original inhabitants of the Indian subcontinent
Awami League
political party in E. Paki. wanted independence from W. Paki.
Ziaur Rahman
pres. Bangladesh, found bang. national. prty. + chaired until assassination
Sepoy Rebellion/Mutiny
revolt ind. soldiers 1857 against practices violated religion
Viceroy
rules as representative of King or Sovereign
Panchayat system
self- gov. local lead. make decisions for their town !tries 2b fair!
Abdus Salam
shared '79 Nobel Prize 4 electroweak unification theory
Assam
state known 4 tea, silk, 1st oil drilling site in Asia, & one of the last wild Asian elephant habitats
Kazi Nazrul Islam
the voice of Bengali nationalism. National poet of Bangladesh.
Sirimavo Bandaranaike
!!1st Fem. PM EVER!! chaired SLFP, 3x PM, 2x Chief Exec., & 1x pres. system.
Sheikh Hasina Wazed
(NOW) 10th PM Bangladesh
Mohamed Nasheed
(NOW) 19th Speaker People's Majlis. helped found Maldives Demo. prty- pres. maldives '08-'12
Nawaz Sharif
(NOW) PM Pakistan
Narendra Modi
(NOW) PM. Ind.
Asif Ali Zardari
(NOW) pres. Pakistan
Shehbaz Sharif
(NOW) pres. paki. muslim league + PM paki.
B.R. Ambedkar
Headed commit. drafted Ind. Nat. Const., 1st Jawaharlal Nehru Cabinet as Law+Justice minister, Inspired Dalit Buddhism bc/ renounced Hinduism.
Khaleda Zia
!1st Female PM Elec. in Muslim maj. country! (Bangladesh)
Druk Gyalpo
"dragon king"
Mohammad Iqbal
"poet of the east" - " nat. poet of Pakisan" - gave idea 4 Pakistan OR sep. Muslim State w/ poems
Ahimsa
Hindu belief- nonviolence + respect 4 all life
Sarojini Naidu
1 of Ind. 1st fem. leaders (nightingale of India)
Battle of Plassey
1757 battle- gave brit. control over ind.
A. K. Fazlul
1916- Pres. All Ind. Muslim League. Formed Lucknow Pact w/ INC
Amritsar Massacre
1919- Brit. troops fired on an unarmed crowd of Ind. protesting Rowlatt Act. (killed hundreds)
Chandrika Kumaratunga
1st (only fem.) Pres. Sri Lanka
Kalpana Chawla
1st Fem. of Ind. Origin 2 go 2 Space, 1st & 2nd flight Space shuttle Columbia, died on re-entry, got Congressional Space Medal of Honor.
Dadabhai Naoroji
1st Ind. elected to Brit. Parliament. Wrote Poverty+Brit. Rule in Ind.
Vallabhbhai Patel
1st dep. PM Ind. (iron man india) threatened w/ military that ALL 575 states must b prt of Ind.
Madurai Shanmukhavadivu Subbulakshmi
1st ind. singer to get Bharat Ratna award + Ramon Magsaysay award.
Muhammad Amin Didi
1st pres. Maldives, Prin. of Rayyithunge Muthagaddim Party Modernize, (Advancement of Women, Education, Fishing, & Tobacco Ban.
Ibrahim Nasir
2nd pres. Ind. Repub. Maldives !COMMITTED GENOCIDE @Havaru Thinadhoo!
Ayub Khan
2nd pres. Pakistan 1958-'74. got control in '58- staged elections. 1st Paki. Mili. leader.
Jigme Dorji Wangchuck
3rd Druk Gyalpo of Bhutan. opened Bhutan 2 outside world, modernization, & started democratization.
Indira Ghandi
3rd PM of India, daughter became India's 6th PM
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
4th Pres. Pakistan, 9th PM Pakistan, founded PPP & Chaired until execution.
Bengal Famine of 1943
Bad harvests + a cyclone + rice fungi. US + Canada offer aid, not given. 2.1-3 million died
Land of The Thunder Dragon
Bhutan bc of storms
Balochistan
Biggest Province of Pakistan, connects Afghanistan w/ Central Asian Republics
Allan Octavian Hume
Brit- felt bad- started INC
Prince Siddhartha Gautama
Buddha; founded Buddhism
Pratibha Patil
CURRENT pres. ind. 1st fem. mem. INC
B.P. Koirala
Form. P.M. Nepal, led Nepal Cong. & Soc. Demo. prty
Benazir Bhutto
Former PM of Pakistan, 1st Female PM to lead in Muslim Maj., Led Pakistani People's Party (PPP), Assassinated 2007
Guru Nanak
Founded Sikhism
Imran Khan
PM Pakistan August 2018-2022 CRIMINAL Exposed official documents 4 political gain + incited civilian violence resulting in deadly protests
Mahinda Rajapaksa
PM Sri Lanka 2019-'22
Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
Pakistan mili. officer + 6th pres. pakistan
Malala Yousafzai
Pakistan. activist 4 fem. edu.
Pervez Musharraf
Pakistani general; Pakistan coup '99- became president
Hussain Muhammad Ershad
Pres of Bangladesh 1983-1990 (considered military dictatorship), Got power through peaceful coup, declared himself pres. after rigged election, forced resign after mass uprising, founded Jatiya Party & won all other elections.
Maumoon Abdul Gayoom
Pres. Maldives 1978-2008, focused stability + reforms. Credited w/ making Maldives a Democracy
"Netaji"
Respected/Revered Leader 1st used in Germany 4 Bose
Bharata
Sanskrit name 4 India (land that nurtures and supports)
Adi Granth
Sikhism's #1 sacred book/text
Solomon Bandaranaike
Silver Bell of Asia, 4th PM Dom. of Ceylon, founded Sinhalese Nationalist Sri Lanka Freedom Party, assassinated 1959.
Muhammad Fareed Didi
Sultan of the Maldives, Disposed when became a Republic, died following year @ Maldives.
Bangalore
big city + Ind. leading software exp.
Rasipuram Krishnaswami Iyer Narayanaswami
big writer of early brit. ind. lit.
prasad
blessed or holy foods offered to gods/goddesses in Hinduism
Cyril Radcliffe
brit judge supposed to divide Ind. + Paki. DID NOT DO GOOD
William Jones
came up w/ relationships Indo-European languages (founded Asiatic Society) + Muhammedan Law of Inheritance + Hindu & Muslim laws
Ravi Shankar
famous sitar player
Abdul Qadeer Khan
father Pakistan nuc. weap. prog. (charged by Pak. Mili. court w/ giving nuc. weap. info 2 Iran, Libya, & North Korea
G. G. Ponnambalam
found All Ceylon Tamil Congress
Mohammad Ali Jinnah
founded + first gov. gen. Pakistan. Leader of All-Ind Muslim League 1913-1947
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
founded Awami Party of E. Paki.
Muhammad
founded Islam
Mother Teresa
founded Mission. of Charity @ Calcutta '50. spoke to sick, orphaned, poor, dying for 50+ yrs. Nobel Peace Prize '79. Beatified by Pope John Paul II '05
Bay of Bengal
has crucial maritime trade route + vital in global geopolitics
Bharat Ratna award
highest ind. civilian honor
Swami Vivekanada
imp. religious fig. wanted new hinduism 2 help "spiritually impoverished" west.
Begum Rokeya
important fem. bengali fem. (sepcificallly education 4 muslim fem.)
Tata Group
ind. biggest industrial empire
Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam
ind. scientist + political leader (11th pres. ind.) developed ind. missile & nuc. weap. programs
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
islands give India commanding position over Sea Lines of Communication + ship traffic thro Indian and Pacific Oceans
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
leads Hindu nat. prty in India
Mangal Pandey
led Sepoy Rebellion
Subhas Chandra Bose
led after Gandhi was arrested, Part of INC, Defied brit. authority in Ind., Allied w/ Japan & Germany, Died 1945 Japanese bomber crash
J. R. D. Tata
made 1st ind. airline
