Sociology chapter 10

Which of these are examples of dictatorships mentioned in the text?

Duvalier in Haiti Saddam Hussein in Iraq

According to Max Weber, the state is the only entity in a given geographical area that uses physical violence.

False

Fascism is considered to be a form of socialism.

False

It is impossible for a civil society to emerge out of the state of nature.

False

The three spheres of power elite operate independently.

False

______ economies tend to be anti-liberal, anti-communist, and militaristic.

Fascist

During which stage of economic development did the use of an assembly line begin?

Fordism

Which situation(s) would be considered a use of legitimate power?

Jaquan, a military officer, kidnaps and interrogates an enemy of the state. Billy, a police officer in a city, pursues and arrests a threatening criminal.

Which is a characteristic of Hobbes's state of nature?

Lives of people are often solitary, short, and violent.

Which statement best describes communism?

Private ownership of property is eliminated to create equality.

In Hobbes' version of a civil society, the right to engage in violence was given to ______.

a sovereign who would use violence to protect people from each other

traditional domination

based on custom

Hilde believes competition between businesses is beneficial for everyone, as profit-motivated economic activity is healthy for the economy. Hilde supports which type of economic system?

capitalism

In Country B, economic activity is driven by profit and competition. What kind of economic system is this?

capitalist

Alison leads various volunteer efforts in her community. The legitimacy of Alison's position is drawn from her extraordinary personal qualities and ability to bring people together in efforts for social change. This best exemplifies ______.

charismatic domination

Mahatma Gandhi fought to change discriminatory laws in South Africa and India. He was a convincing speaker and people followed him with a kind of reverence. Which type of legitimate domination does this represent, according to Weber?

charismatic domination

Socialism

collective ownership

From which sphere(s) of social life does Mills argue members of the power elite are drawn?

corporate elite political elite military elite

During which stage of economic development do companies that provide services tend to thrive while companies that mass produce goods struggle?

deindustrialization

Fordism is the practice of buying American cars so you can show how patriotic you are.

false

Of the different kinds of democracy, the United States could be best described as a direct democracy.

false

Socialism refers to an economic system under which the means of production are privately owned.

false

fascism

imperialistic and expansionistic

Most people in Claude's society have worked as farmers for their entire lives. Now, due to technological advances, people are starting to work in large factories to manufacture goods. This best demonstrates ______.

industrialization

charismatic domination

inspiring personal qualities

rational-legal domination

legally defined

The mayor of Chicago has the authority to appoint the school superintendent. This is called ______.

legitimate power

The concept of the divine right of kings best applies to which type of government?

monarchy

communism

no private owership

According to Robert Michels, all representative democracies would inevitably become ______.

oligarchies

Proponents of ______ theory see the state as a neutral forum where the preference of different groups and citizens can be evaluated in order to provide the policies and services that will please the greatest number of citizens.

pluralist

C. Wright Mills defines the power elite as encompassed by which of these groups?

political elite military elite social elite

capitalism

profit driven

Which is/are considered by Weber to be a type of legitimate state power?

rational-legal domination charismatic domination traditional domination

Vaughan is fine with the government monitoring his activities, because he is willing to give up his individual right to privacy in exchange for protection. This best demonstrates which concept?

social contract

When a criminal is sentenced to death for committing a heinous crime, the state has the right to do this because of the ______ it has with its citizens to protect them in exchange for them giving up certain rights.

social contract

The system of producing and consuming goods and services is ______.

the economy

Nadine lives in a society whose leader is attempting to control all aspects of social, political, and economic life. She most likely lives in a(n) ______.

totalitarian state

Prince Broderick will become King once his father dies, and nobody will question it because royalty has always been determined by lineage. This best demonstrates traditional domination.

true

Weber described the state in terms of its use of physical force.

true