Sociology Chapter 12

Kin

defined as relatives or relations, usually those related by common descent.

Homogamy

means "like marries like," and is demonstrated by the fact that we tend to choose mates who are similar to us in class, race, ethnicity, age, religion, education, and even levels of attractiveness.

incest

proscribed sexual contact between family members; this is a form of child abuse when it occurs between a child and a caregiver).

Expressive tasks

refer to the emotional work necessary to support family members (such as remembering a relative's birthday or playing with the children).

Instrumental tasks

refer to the practical physical tasks necessary to maintain family life (such as washing dishes and cutting grass).

Endogamy

refers to marriage to someone within one's social group (such as race, ethnicity, class, education, religion, region, or nationality).

What do sociologists call the situation when adults are called on to care for their elderly parents as well as their own children?

sandwich generation

Consider the major theoretical perspectives routinely explored throughout the text. Which theoretical perspective might note that the main role of the family is to socialize children?

structural functionalism

The unpaid labor inside the home that is often expected of women after they get home from working at paid labor outside the home is called

the second shift.

Exogamy

to marriage to someone from a different social group.

Propinquity, choosing to have relationships with people in close geographical proximity to us, is common in the United States—true or false?

true

Structural functionalism

views the family as one of the basic institutions that keeps society running smoothly by providing functions such as producing and socializing children, economic production, instrumental and emotional support, and sexual control.

Monogamy

, the practice of marrying (or being in a relationship with) one person at a time, is still considered the only legal form of marriage in modern western culture.

neglect

(a form of child abuse in which the caregiver fails to provide adequate nutrition, sufficient clothing or shelter, or hygienic and safe living conditions).

cohabitating

(living together as a romantically involved, unmarried couple).

antimiscegenation laws

(the prohibition of interracial marriage, cohabitation, or sexual interaction).

Polygamy,

, a system of marriage that allows people to have more than one spouse at a time, is practiced among some subcultures around the world, but is not widely acknowledged as a legitimate form of marriage.

How do contemporary sociologists define family?

. a social group whose members are bound by legal, biological, or emotional ties, or a combination of all three

The prohibition of interracial marriage, cohabitation, or sexual interaction is called

. antimiscegenation

Abuse can be:

Physical Verbal Financial Sexual Psychological

Increases have occurred in the numbers of:

Single people People who are cohabitating Single parents People who are living in intentional communities

Cycle of Violence in Abusive Relationships

Stage one: Relationship seems normal. Stage two: The victim "walks on eggshells" to avoid arguments. Stage three: Acute battering and violence occur, lasting for seconds, hours, or even days. The abuser blames the victim. Stage four: The abuser apologizes profusely and promises that it will never happen again.

Which of the following is NOT a current trend in the population of American families?

There are more married couples.

nuclear family

a heterosexual couple with one or more children living in a single household.

extended family

a large group of relatives, usually including at least three generations living either in one household or in close proximity.

Polyandry

a system of marriage that allows women to have multiple husbands, is a more rare form of polygamy

Conflict theorists

believe that society revolves around conflict over scarce resources, and that conflict within the family is also about the competition for resources: time, energy, and the leisure to pursue recreational activities.

The fact that people tend to marry someone from a similar social class background demonstrates

endogamy.

Symbolic interactionists

examine the types of social dynamics and interactions that create and sustain families, emphasizing the ways that our experiences of family bonds are socially created rather than naturally existing.

Women are likely to experience upward economic mobility after divorce—true or false?

false

_____ is a social group whose members are bound by legal, emotional, or biological ties (or a combination of all three).

family

polygyny,

is a system of marriage that allows men to have multiple wives.

Domestic violence

is by far the most common form of family violence. It includes behaviors abusers use to gain and maintain power over their victims

a family

is defined as a social group whose members are bound by legal, biological, or emotional ties, or a combination of all three.

Propinquity

is the tendency to marry or have relationships with people in close geographic proximity.

_____ are most likely to do the second shift work in the family.

women