Sociology Exam 3: 10, 11, 12, 14
symbolic interactionism on family
"personal family", how relations are created and maintained not structured
how much do women earn on the dollar
.77
domestic abuse for women
1/4 suffer from physical violence
What percentage of American workers telecommute at least part-time?
10%
what percentage of board seats are women?
12%
number of American workers who belonged to a union in 2014.
14.6 million
Type the year in which the Industrial Revolution began in England with the invention of the steam engine
1769
Type the year in which the first state legally required all children age sixteen and younger to attend school.
1852
Nation at Risk
1983 the American educational system was in a crisis, decreasing test scores, and an achievement gap
What percentage of all students enrolled in college in the United States are enrolled in two-year community colleges?
27%
What percentage of all college students took at least one class online in 2012?
32
What percentage of American workers belonged to a union in 1955?
35
As recently as 2001, the Department of Labor estimates that there were roughly how many sweatshops in major U.S. cities?
7,000
Georgia and graduation rates
79% of students in GA are graduating high school
race and high school graduation
88% of white kids are graduating high school and 75% of black kids are graduating high school
Iowa and graduation rates
91% of students in Iowa are graduating high school
Jonathan Kozol's Savage Inequalities
Conflict Theory
What does "CSR" stand for?
Corporate social responsibility
Justin signs up online to take a course from a third party that allows him to log in and watch a lecture free of charge whenever he wants. His university will allow him to earn credit for the course if he pays the third party a fee.
MOOCs
During the past few years, which brands and companies have been associated with foreign sweatshop labor?
Nike Forever 21 H&M the Gap Kohl's Walmart J. C. Penney Urban Outfitters
conflict theory on work
Outsourcing exploits poor and developing nations and laid-off local workers, all while enriching corporations.
structural functionalism
Outsourcing is necessary to keep both national and global economies stable in the current market.
Mary commutes to college in Atlanta from a nearby neighborhood. She ends up marrying Joe, who lives two doors down from her and attends the same school. What is this an example of?
Propinquity
Which of the following statements about modern service work are true?
Service workers face potential clashes with both clients and supervisors. Service work is the dominant form of employment in the postindustrial economy. In service work, situations arise when the worker's concerns, standards, and expectations conflict with those of clients.
work: symbolic interactionism
Workers whose jobs are outsourced may come to see themselves as worthless and expendable because it seems that others see them that way, too.
TANF
a cash benefit program that is often referred to as welfare
union
a collective resistance, an association of workers who bargain for better wages and better working conditions
food desert
a community in which the residents have little access to fresh food
polygny
a man has multiple wives
Which of the following are two of the most in-demand programs of study in community colleges?
administration of justice and health sciences (many community colleges teach people to give back)
examples of knowledge work
advertising, engineering, web design
preventative medicine
aims to avoid the disease, lifestyle choices
According to Karl Marx, what is the condition in which people are dominated by forces of their own creation?
alienation
school vouchers
allow parents to send their kids to private school of their choice if their public school is inadequate, little evidence that this helps education they pressure public schools to get better or they'll keep losing money, threaten separation of church and state if parents send kids to religious schools,
Donald Roy studied a factory where workers called a short break in the day ___________ time.
banana time
rescission
canceling coverage after a person gets sick
pandemic
cases of the disease also cover a large geographical region
A group of teachers and parents petition the state government to give them the autonomy to open a new elementary school that focuses on bilingual education and the arts. The new school will be this type of school.
charter schools
exogamy
choosing mates from outside the group
endogamy
choosing mates from within the group
"race to the bottom"
companies competing and they make the conditions of the workers horrible, sweatshop labor
CAM
complementary and alternative medicine
Some for-profit higher education institutions receive a large proportion of tuition payments via government grants and loans. These institutions may often attempt to enroll as many students as possible, regardless of their actual preparation for college. Thus, many suggest that for-profit higher education institutions are benefiting from a version of what?
corporate welfare
Place the following in order from highest to lowest higher education costs.
debt from for-profit schools, 1 year tuition at a private nonprofit, 1 year of tuition at a for-profit, 1 year tuition at a 4 year public nonprofit, 1 year tuition at a 2 year public nonprofit
structural functionalism on family
decreased suicide, family reproduces and socializes future workers, "pattern maintenance",
chronic diseases
develop over a longer time, progress and become fatal
service work
done by anyone who provides a service to businesses
knowledge work
done by anyone who works primarily with information or who develops and uses knowledge in the workforce
examples of service work
education, banking, entertainment
expressive tasks
emotional or relational goals, playing a board game with the kids
The rate of divorce in the United States began rising in the 1960s and is still climbing today. true or false
false
true or false: The majority of K-12 students in the United States attend private school.
false. 9% attend private school
conflict theory on family
family socializes children to function in a capitalist economy, nuclear family is oppressive and gender based, family is competitive
agribusiness
farmers using technology to farm and they are stratified now
Education websites like Khan Academy and schools like Clintondale High School are examples of what recent education phenomenon?
flipped classroom
palliative care
focuses on symptom and pain relief
SNAP
formerly known as the Food Stamp Program
the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
funded private companies to keep them away from socialism
early college high school
get high school diploma and college credit, funded by bill gates and other rich people
children of divorced parents are not as likely to get divorced anymore because
growing acceptance of divorce, age of marriage has changed, they're more likely to cohabitate
home schooling
has really high academic achievement, but no socialization
Which of the following is an example of the "sandwich generation" effect?
having to take care of elderly parents and children at the same time
An elementary school student notices that exhibiting good behavior and following the instructions of the teacher can go a long way to earning him decent grades in school. This example highlights what sociological term about the education system?
hidden curriculum
a structural functionalist study
inequality in schools prepares for the inequality in the workforce, class background has a higher influence and better schools won't be able to fix this
relation between time and interracial couples
it is decreasing to about 9.5% in 2010
anti-miscegenation
laws in several states that prohibited mixing of racial groups through marriage, cohabitation, or sexual interaction
what court case outlawed anti-miscegenation?
loving v, virginia
The Hmong people are an ethnic group native to the mountainous regions of mainland Southeast Asia. What is the traditional Hmong understanding of epileptic seizures?
malevolent attempts by evil spirits
remarriage in relation to gender
men remarry more than women
climate change impacts
more people in cities, affects animal populations, more vector organisms
Under modern capitalism, a firm experiencing a strike can keep labor costs low by doing which of the following?
move workers to a country where they cannot strike
polyamory
multiple person relationship
Beyond the five forms of domestic abuse, _________ can be another form of elder abuse.
neglect
NCLB
no child left behind, 2002, helped high income students more than low income students,
epidemic
occurs when a high number of a particular disease occur during a time period
MOOCS
online courses, cheap and readily available
relation between income and bachelors degrees
only 10% of low income families have bachelors degrees while half of high income families have bachelors degrees
deprivation amplification
our hereditary disease risks are amplified by social factors
The family is responsible for the reproduction of society as it produces and socializes children who will in turn become future workers and produce and socialize more new members of society. What did Talcott Parsons refer to this as?
pattern maintenance
Place the following in order from highest to lowest college graduation rates
private non profit, public non profit, for profit schools
Jamal's parents obtain a school voucher from the government because his neighborhood school has been consistently labeled "failing" by the state government. Jamal will now be able to attend this type of school.
private school
charter schools
privately led public schools, make changes faster than public schools, variation in their success and students performance (RAND), 40 states and capital have charter schools
Laura Scott describes U.S. society as ________, suggesting that U.S. cultural values support childbearing and child rearing as the normative and preferred practice.
pronatalist
Which of the following statements about modern agricultural work are true?
pushed small farms away, dependent on technology, interdependent system
a symbolic interactionist study
pygmalion in the classroom, researches falsely told the teachers what students got higher IQs and that affected how they taught and treated the kids
feminist and queer theory on family
question male dominance, resist heterosexuality, masculinity and heterosexuality should not be the requirement for power
What did Dan Price, CEO of Gravity Payments, do that presents an example of "corporate conscience"?
raised employees salary
propinquity
refers to geographical distance, the internet weakens propinquity but strengthens homogamy
shallow integration
refers to the flow of goods and services a national company arranges with a foreign company to trade exclusively
deep integration
refers to the global flow of goods since theres branches all over the world
a conflict study
savage inequalities, poor areas had poor schools had significantly less personnel which creates inequality
Randall Collins's The Credential Society
structural functionalist
unschooling
student centered learning
acute diseases
sudden onset, curable usually
examples of resistance strategies
surfing the web, sabotaging the assembly line, personalizing the workplace
France Winddance Twine's 2011 book focused on outsourcing what task to women in India?
surrogacy
"Gold farming" shows
sweatshop
Robert Rosenthal and Leonore Jacobson's Pygmalion in the Classroom
symbolic interactionism
instrumental task
tangible goal, washing the dishes
the early education system
the church was the main educator, began in Greece, prominent during enlightenment
hidden curriculum
the indirect lessons students learn that are important to their socialization. they teach them routine, regulations, and rules.
professional socialization
the process by which new members learn and internalize the norms of their group
medicalization
the process by which some behaviors that were once seen as personal problems are redefined as medical issues
tracking
the process of placing students on a gifted track or remedial track, and it cuts students out of certain colleges, majors, and careers
epidemiology
the study of disease patterns
why are people marrying less
they are cohabiting, marriage is no longer a prerequisite for childbearing, growing economic independence
Which of the following examples highlights the autonomy experienced by knowledge workers such as those who work at Google?
they take breaks when they choose
Barbara Ehrenreich explored some of the issues of power and service work in her book Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America (2001). As research for the book, Ehrenreich took minimum-wage service jobs as a waitress, a hotel maid, and a Walmart employee. What was her main finding?
they're exploited
contingent workforce
those who work in temporary positions or independent contractors
transnational corporations
transcend borders to manufacture all over the world, Coca Cola
outsourcing
transferring labor to other countries
curative or crisis medicine
treats the disease once it become apparent
domestic abuse for LGBTQ
twice as much relationship abuse
Which of the following is the U.S. Census Bureau's definition of family?
two or more individuals related by blood, marriage, or adoption living in the same household
students in this type of school choose what they want to learn and often have minimal direction.
unschooling
Common core
used to help the stagnant education in the united states, critics said it assumed one size fit all
the Affordable Care Act of 2010
ushered in more federally mandated health care coverage for millions of Americans
resistance strategies
ways workers express discontent with their job and rebel
homogamy
we tend to choose mates who are similar to us in class, race, ethnicity, etc.
the modern switch for labor unions
went from fighting for better wages to now keeping their jobs in the country
Which of the following statements about educational inequality in the United States are true?
women are more likely than men to have a bachelor's degree or higher, high-income families are 5 times as likely to get a bachelor's degree as low-income families, Lifetime earnings for someone with an advanced degree are almost 50 percent higher than for someone with only a high school diploma, high school degree have an unemployment rate about 70 percent higher than the unemployment rate for individuals with a bachelor's degree
relation between gender and bachelor degrees or higher
women are more likely to have a bachelors degree or higher, yet still they make considerably less money than men
gender and Fortune 500 CEO's
women are only 4% of CEOs
death of distance
work on a computer can be done anywhere
problems of industrial work
workers are alienated from what they produce and their creativity, they are forced to be rivals
telecommuting
working from home while staying connected to the office through communication technologies
Which of the following is an example of fictive kin?
your dad friend who you consider an uncle
