Sociology Final

• Question 1 1 out of 1 points By "taking the role of the other," Mead had in mind Selected Answer: imagining a situation from another person's point of view. Correct Answer: imagining a situation from another person's point of view. • Question 2 0 out of 1 points The problem of functional illiteracy refers to the fact that Selected Answer: a significant share of U.S. children never attend school. Correct Answer: young people leave school without having learned basic skills. • Question 3 1 out of 1 points The social standing of women and men in hunting and gathering societies is Selected Answer: fairly equal, with men and women making vital contributions to survival. Correct Answer: fairly equal, with men and women making vital contributions to survival. • Question 4 0 out of 1 points David Riesman described "other-directed" social character as Selected Answer: rigid conformity to traditional ways of life. Correct Answer: conformity to the latest fashions and fads. • Question 5 1 out of 1 points "Personal space" refers to Selected Answer: the surrounding area in which an individual makes some claim to privacy. Correct Answer: the surrounding area in which an individual makes some claim to privacy. • Question 6 1 out of 1 points The rate of small business ownership is high among Asian Americans. This pattern reflects Selected Answer: cultural values including achievement and self-reliance. Correct Answer: cultural values including achievement and self-reliance. • Question 7 1 out of 1 points In the United States today Selected Answer: there is a shortage of teachers. Correct Answer: there is a shortage of teachers. • Question 8 1 out of 1 points The basic reason that schooling is limited in India is Selected Answer: although India is now a middle-income country, many families need children to work for income. Correct Answer: although India is now a middle-income country, many families need children to work for income. • Question 9 0 out of 1 points The United States has now entered the __________ technological era. Selected Answer: industrial Correct Answer: postindustrial • Question 10 1 out of 1 points A general lesson we learn from sociological research about education is that Selected Answer: good education depends not only on schools but on the state of families and local communities. Correct Answer: good education depends not only on schools but on the state of families and local communities. • Question 11 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about race. Which statement is CORRECT? Selected Answer: Many sociologists claim that the concept of "race" is misleading and even harmful. Correct Answer: Many sociologists claim that the concept of "race" is misleading and even harmful. • Question 12 1 out of 1 points The concept "ethnocentrism" refers to Selected Answer: judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture. Correct Answer: judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture. • Question 13 1 out of 1 points Thomas Hobbes's idea that society reflects a selfish human nature illustrates the thinking common to Comte's __________ of societal development. Selected Answer: metaphysical stage Correct Answer: metaphysical stage • Question 14 1 out of 1 points A college professor who has advanced degrees, moderate salary, and little power can be described as having Selected Answer: low status consistency. Correct Answer: low status consistency. • Question 15 0 out of 1 points Read the following statements about minorities. Which statement is NOT correct? Selected Answer: Usually, people can readily identify a member of a minority. Correct Answer: All people in a minority category are socially disadvantaged. • Question 16 1 out of 1 points In 2008, ______ people were counted by the government as having income below the official poverty line? Selected Answer: 39.8 million Correct Answer: 39.8 million • Question 17 1 out of 1 points Herbert Marcuse challenged Max Weber by claiming that modern societies are not rational because Selected Answer: they do not meet the needs of so many people. Correct Answer: they do not meet the needs of so many people. • Question 18 1 out of 1 points While being in the upper-upper class is usually the result of __________, being in the lower-upper class is more often a matter of __________. Selected Answer: birth; achievement Correct Answer: birth; achievement • Question 19 1 out of 1 points What share of the richest people in the United States gained their fortunes mostly from inheritance? Selected Answer: more than one-third Correct Answer: more than one-third • Question 20 1 out of 1 points Which early U.S. sociologist earned the first doctorate ever awarded by Harvard University to a person of color? Selected Answer: W. E. B. Du Bois Correct Answer: W. E. B. Du Bois • Question 21 1 out of 1 points The term ____________ refers to humans who have some combination of female and male genitalia? Selected Answer: intersexual people Correct Answer: intersexual people • Question 22 1 out of 1 points Durkheim's concept of organic solidarity corresponds to Tönnies's concept of Selected Answer: Gesellschaft. Correct Answer: Gesellschaft. • Question 23 1 out of 1 points Which of the following statements comes closest to describing Erik H. Erikson's view of socialization? Selected Answer: Personality develops over the entire life course in patterned stages. Correct Answer: Personality develops over the entire life course in patterned stages. • Question 24 1 out of 1 points Criminal statistics gathered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation reflect Selected Answer: only offenses known to the police. Correct Answer: only offenses known to the police. • Question 25 1 out of 1 points Critics claim that modernization theory Selected Answer: ignores how rich nations can block the economic development of poor nations. Correct Answer: ignores how rich nations can block the economic development of poor nations. • Question 26 1 out of 1 points When people model themselves after the members of peer groups they would like to join, they are engaging in Selected Answer: anticipatory socialization. Correct Answer: anticipatory socialization. • Question 27 1 out of 1 points The theoretical approach that highlights the link between culture and social inequality is the Selected Answer: social-conflict approach. Correct Answer: social-conflict approach. • Question 28 1 out of 1 points Paul Ekman claims that a major function of emotions is to Selected Answer: support group life by forging connections with others. Correct Answer: support group life by forging connections with others. • Question 29 1 out of 1 points Sociology differs from earlier philosophy by focusing on Selected Answer: how society actually operates. Correct Answer: how society actually operates. • Question 30 1 out of 1 points According to W. W. Rostow, nations begin at the _______ stage of development and may eventually reach the stage of ________. Selected Answer: traditional; high mass consumption Correct Answer: traditional; high mass consumption • Question 31 1 out of 1 points Patterns that describe many Latino families include Selected Answer: strong extended kinship. Correct Answer: strong extended kinship. • Question 32 1 out of 1 points Which of the following best describes a "well-told" joke? Selected Answer: There is a very sharp contrast between the conventional and unconventional definitions of a reality. Correct Answer: There is a very sharp contrast between the conventional and unconventional definitions of a reality. • Question 33 1 out of 1 points Research shows that growing up in a single-parent family Selected Answer: can disadvantage children. Correct Answer: can disadvantage children. • Question 34 0 out of 1 points The "Seeing Sociology in the News" article in Chapter 1 ("Sociology: Perspective, Theory, and Method") reports that in a bad economy, laid-off workers Selected Answer: are likely to experience marital conflict. Correct Answer: are flocking to community colleges. • Question 35 1 out of 1 points Conservative people supporting the welfare reform argued that the old (pre-1996) system Selected Answer: was creating welfare dependency. Correct Answer: was creating welfare dependency. • Question 36 1 out of 1 points The concept "endogamy" refers to marriage between Selected Answer: people of the same social category. Correct Answer: people of the same social category. • Question 37 1 out of 1 points Of all the people in the world who live in absolute poverty, __________ are women. Selected Answer: 70 percent Correct Answer: 70 percent • Question 38 1 out of 1 points Relative poverty Selected Answer: is found everywhere. Correct Answer: is found everywhere. • Question 39 1 out of 1 points Religion is best defined as a social institution involving Selected Answer: beliefs and practices concerning what is sacred. Correct Answer: beliefs and practices concerning what is sacred. • Question 40 1 out of 1 points The only Western, high-income nation that routinely executes offenders convicted of serious crimes is Selected Answer: the United States. Correct Answer: the United States. • Question 41 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is NOT a trait of religious fundamentalism? Selected Answer: accepting religious pluralism Correct Answer: accepting religious pluralism • Question 42 0 out of 1 points A __________ typically forms as a group of people break away from some established religious organization. Selected Answer: cult Correct Answer: sect • Question 43 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about social change. Which statement is NOT correct? Selected Answer: All social changes is intentional. Correct Answer: All social changes is intentional. • Question 44 1 out of 1 points Peter Berger described using the sociological perspective as seeing the __________ in the __________. Selected Answer: general; particular Correct Answer: general; particular • Question 45 0 out of 1 points The language spoken as a main or second language in more nations of the world than any other is Selected Answer: Spanish. Correct Answer: English. • Question 46 1 out of 1 points The basic idea behind labeling theory is that Selected Answer: deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do. Correct Answer: deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do. • Question 47 1 out of 1 points Which of the following concepts refers to cultural heritage? Selected Answer: ethnicity Correct Answer: ethnicity • Question 48 0 out of 1 points In general, industrialization tends to change the dominant family form from Selected Answer: nuclear families to extended families. Correct Answer: extended families to nuclear families. • Question 49 1 out of 1 points Which of the four statements below is NOT found within the American Sociological Association's guidelines for ethical research? Selected Answer: Researchers must always perform their research several times in order to ensure its accuracy. Correct Answer: Researchers must always perform their research several times in order to ensure its accuracy. • Question 50 1 out of 1 points The concept of relative deprivation is based on the idea that Selected Answer: people evaluate themselves by making specific comparisons. Correct Answer: people evaluate themselves by making specific comparisons. • Question 51 1 out of 1 points The "Seeing Sociology in the News" article in Chapter 2 ("Culture") explains that soldiers training to serve in Afghanistan need to learn Selected Answer: about the culture of that nation in order to win the support of the Afghan people. Correct Answer: about the culture of that nation in order to win the support of the Afghan people. • Question 52 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about immigrant workers in the United States. Which statement is CORRECT? Selected Answer: In general, immigrants do the jobs that no one else wants. Correct Answer: In general, immigrants do the jobs that no one else wants. • Question 53 0 out of 1 points If we are speaking about the "social construction of sexuality," we are probably using Selected Answer: the social-conflict approach. Correct Answer: the symbolic-interaction approach. • Question 54 1 out of 1 points Travis Hirschi's control theory suggests which of the following categories of people would be most likely to engage in deviance? Selected Answer: youngsters who "hang out" on the corner waiting for something to happen Correct Answer: youngsters who "hang out" on the corner waiting for something to happen • Question 55 0 out of 1 points Critics of Erik H. Erikson's theory of personality point out that Selected Answer: not everyone confronts stages in the exact order given be Erikson. Correct Answer: All of the above are correct. • Question 56 1 out of 1 points Theodore Sizer claims that rigid bureaucracy harms schooling. Which of the following statements is NOT one of the arguments made by Sizer? Selected Answer: Rigid bureaucracy encourages students to learn more on their own. Correct Answer: Rigid bureaucracy encourages students to learn more on their own. • Question 57 1 out of 1 points Karl Marx understood the onset of modernity in terms of Selected Answer: the rise of the capitalist economic system. Correct Answer: the rise of the capitalist economic system. • Question 58 1 out of 1 points If you were to attend a New York City Ballet performance, you would experiencing Selected Answer: high culture. Correct Answer: high culture. • Question 59 1 out of 1 points Herbert Spencer described human society as having much in common with Selected Answer: the human body. Correct Answer: the human body. • Question 60 1 out of 1 points Political economy theory claims that social movements arise in capitalist societies Selected Answer: because the capitalist economic system fails to meet the needs of the majority. Correct Answer: because the capitalist economic system fails to meet the needs of the majority. • Question 61 1 out of 1 points According to George Herbert Mead, children learn to "take the role of the other" as they model themselves on important people in their lives, such as parents. Mead referred to these important people as Selected Answer: significant others. Correct Answer: significant others. • Question 62 1 out of 1 points In poor countries, the disadvantages women face relative to men are Selected Answer: greater than in rich nations. Correct Answer: greater than in rich nations. • Question 63 1 out of 1 points In her study of the African American elite, Lois Benjamin made use of Selected Answer: interviews. Correct Answer: interviews. • Question 64 1 out of 1 points Looking ahead twenty years in the United States, the one thing we can be sure of is that Selected Answer: family life will be diverse. Correct Answer: family life will be diverse. • Question 65 1 out of 1 points Olga works as a regional manager for a small corporation. Which of the following categories correctly describes her work? Selected Answer: white-collar work Correct Answer: white-collar work • Question 66 1 out of 1 points Harley Davidson motorcycle riders, computer nerds, and jazz musicians all display ________ patterns. Selected Answer: subcultural Correct Answer: subcultural • Question 67 1 out of 1 points In which region of the United States is the problem of obesity most widespread? Selected Answer: the Southeast Correct Answer: the Southeast • Question 68 0 out of 1 points Studies of children raised in isolation, show that Selected Answer: humans have most of the same instincts found in other animal species. Correct Answer: without social experience, a child is incapable of thought or meaningful action. • Question 69 1 out of 1 points Which of the following concepts reflects the changing of jobs within the same class level? Selected Answer: horizontal social mobility Correct Answer: horizontal social mobility • Question 70 0 out of 1 points Attitudes and practices involving human sexuality Selected Answer: have changed little in the United States over the past 50 years. Correct Answer: vary considerably, both from one society to another and over time. • Question 71 1 out of 1 points The structural-functional approach helps us to Selected Answer: understand "what makes society tick." Correct Answer: understand "what makes society tick." • Question 72 1 out of 1 points Which of the following statements represent an emerging value in our society? Selected Answer: Work is important, but I want more time for leisure and personal growth. Correct Answer: Work is important, but I want more time for leisure and personal growth. • Question 73 1 out of 1 points __________ refers to the fusion of Christian principles with political activism, often Marxist in character Selected Answer: Liberation theology Correct Answer: Liberation theology • Question 74 1 out of 1 points The rise of scientific medicine in the United States began about when? Selected Answer: 1847, with the founding of the American Medical Association Correct Answer: 1847, with the founding of the American Medical Association • Question 75 0 out of 1 points The death penalty Selected Answer: is legal in all of the fifty states. Correct Answer: is legal in most states, but is actually carried out only in a few states. • Question 76 1 out of 1 points A survey is a research method in which subjects respond to a series of items or questions. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 77 1 out of 1 points The English philosopher Thomas Hobbes believed that society reflected the failings of human selfishness. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 78 0 out of 1 points George Herbert Mead described how our impressions of other people form the basis of a "looking glass self." Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: False • Question 79 1 out of 1 points People who formally leave a role (such as an ex-convict) often find that their earlier identity stays with them. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 80 0 out of 1 points People of all races and class positions have had the same opportunities to participate in sports. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: False • Question 81 1 out of 1 points Culture theory would argue that a photograph, song, or some other symbol often serves as the rallying point for forming a social movement. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 82 1 out of 1 points In the United States, it is correct to say that social position is simply a reflection of a person's talents and abilities. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 83 1 out of 1 points People in all cultures respond to intersexual people with confusion or even disgust. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 84 1 out of 1 points Prenuptial agreements are a sensible way to prepare for eventual separation, divorce, or death of a spouse. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 85 0 out of 1 points Research indicates that a majority of U.S. married males report having been sexually faithful to their wives during their marriage. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: True • Question 86 1 out of 1 points The sociological perspective reveals that personal decisions such as whom we marry are shaped to a large degree by our social environment. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 87 0 out of 1 points Talcott Parsons claimed that, to qualify for the sick role, a person must want to become healthy. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: True • Question 88 1 out of 1 points There was no distinct category of "homosexual" until about a century ago. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 89 1 out of 1 points In the former Soviet Union classes emerged based on the type of jobs people held. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 90 1 out of 1 points Emile Durkheim's analysis suggests it would be impossible for a society to completely eliminate deviance. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 91 1 out of 1 points Revolutionary changes in European societies sparked the development of sociology. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 92 1 out of 1 points "Due process" means handling alleged offenders within the bounds of the law. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 93 1 out of 1 points In the United States, infant mortality rates among low-income children are now about the same as rates for the children of the wealthy. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 94 1 out of 1 points Multiculturalism is oppositional to Eurocentrism, the dominance of European cultural patterns. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 95 1 out of 1 points Validity refers to actually measuring exactly what one intends to measure. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 96 1 out of 1 points Emotions have both a biological and cultural foundation. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 97 1 out of 1 points Karl Marx was a major architect of mass-society theory. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 98 1 out of 1 points In general, low-income countries are more likely to take on the form of gerontocracy with the oldest people having the most wealth and power. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 99 1 out of 1 points To identify cause-and-effect relationships, it is usually necessary to exercise experimental control of variables. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 100 1 out of 1 points Changing health standards are evident in the fact that fifty years ago, people in the United States bathed more frequently, on average, than they do today. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False

• Question 1 1 out of 1 points By "taking the role of the other," Mead had in mind Selected Answer: imagining a situation from another person's point of view. Correct Answer: imagining a situation from another person's point of view. • Question 2 0 out of 1 points The problem of functional illiteracy refers to the fact that Selected Answer: a significant share of U.S. children never attend school. Correct Answer: young people leave school without having learned basic skills. • Question 3 1 out of 1 points The social standing of women and men in hunting and gathering societies is Selected Answer: fairly equal, with men and women making vital contributions to survival. Correct Answer: fairly equal, with men and women making vital contributions to survival. • Question 4 0 out of 1 points David Riesman described "other-directed" social character as Selected Answer: rigid conformity to traditional ways of life. Correct Answer: conformity to the latest fashions and fads. • Question 5 1 out of 1 points "Personal space" refers to Selected Answer: the surrounding area in which an individual makes some claim to privacy. Correct Answer: the surrounding area in which an individual makes some claim to privacy. • Question 6 1 out of 1 points The rate of small business ownership is high among Asian Americans. This pattern reflects Selected Answer: cultural values including achievement and self-reliance. Correct Answer: cultural values including achievement and self-reliance. • Question 7 1 out of 1 points In the United States today Selected Answer: there is a shortage of teachers. Correct Answer: there is a shortage of teachers. • Question 8 1 out of 1 points The basic reason that schooling is limited in India is Selected Answer: although India is now a middle-income country, many families need children to work for income. Correct Answer: although India is now a middle-income country, many families need children to work for income. • Question 9 0 out of 1 points The United States has now entered the __________ technological era. Selected Answer: industrial Correct Answer: postindustrial • Question 10 1 out of 1 points A general lesson we learn from sociological research about education is that Selected Answer: good education depends not only on schools but on the state of families and local communities. Correct Answer: good education depends not only on schools but on the state of families and local communities. • Question 11 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about race. Which statement is CORRECT? Selected Answer: Many sociologists claim that the concept of "race" is misleading and even harmful. Correct Answer: Many sociologists claim that the concept of "race" is misleading and even harmful. • Question 12 1 out of 1 points The concept "ethnocentrism" refers to Selected Answer: judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture. Correct Answer: judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture. • Question 13 1 out of 1 points Thomas Hobbes's idea that society reflects a selfish human nature illustrates the thinking common to Comte's __________ of societal development. Selected Answer: metaphysical stage Correct Answer: metaphysical stage • Question 14 1 out of 1 points A college professor who has advanced degrees, moderate salary, and little power can be described as having Selected Answer: low status consistency. Correct Answer: low status consistency. • Question 15 0 out of 1 points Read the following statements about minorities. Which statement is NOT correct? Selected Answer: Usually, people can readily identify a member of a minority. Correct Answer: All people in a minority category are socially disadvantaged. • Question 16 1 out of 1 points In 2008, ______ people were counted by the government as having income below the official poverty line? Selected Answer: 39.8 million Correct Answer: 39.8 million • Question 17 1 out of 1 points Herbert Marcuse challenged Max Weber by claiming that modern societies are not rational because Selected Answer: they do not meet the needs of so many people. Correct Answer: they do not meet the needs of so many people. • Question 18 1 out of 1 points While being in the upper-upper class is usually the result of __________, being in the lower-upper class is more often a matter of __________. Selected Answer: birth; achievement Correct Answer: birth; achievement • Question 19 1 out of 1 points What share of the richest people in the United States gained their fortunes mostly from inheritance? Selected Answer: more than one-third Correct Answer: more than one-third • Question 20 1 out of 1 points Which early U.S. sociologist earned the first doctorate ever awarded by Harvard University to a person of color? Selected Answer: W. E. B. Du Bois Correct Answer: W. E. B. Du Bois • Question 21 1 out of 1 points The term ____________ refers to humans who have some combination of female and male genitalia? Selected Answer: intersexual people Correct Answer: intersexual people • Question 22 1 out of 1 points Durkheim's concept of organic solidarity corresponds to Tönnies's concept of Selected Answer: Gesellschaft. Correct Answer: Gesellschaft. • Question 23 1 out of 1 points Which of the following statements comes closest to describing Erik H. Erikson's view of socialization? Selected Answer: Personality develops over the entire life course in patterned stages. Correct Answer: Personality develops over the entire life course in patterned stages. • Question 24 1 out of 1 points Criminal statistics gathered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation reflect Selected Answer: only offenses known to the police. Correct Answer: only offenses known to the police. • Question 25 1 out of 1 points Critics claim that modernization theory Selected Answer: ignores how rich nations can block the economic development of poor nations. Correct Answer: ignores how rich nations can block the economic development of poor nations. • Question 26 1 out of 1 points When people model themselves after the members of peer groups they would like to join, they are engaging in Selected Answer: anticipatory socialization. Correct Answer: anticipatory socialization. • Question 27 1 out of 1 points The theoretical approach that highlights the link between culture and social inequality is the Selected Answer: social-conflict approach. Correct Answer: social-conflict approach. • Question 28 1 out of 1 points Paul Ekman claims that a major function of emotions is to Selected Answer: support group life by forging connections with others. Correct Answer: support group life by forging connections with others. • Question 29 1 out of 1 points Sociology differs from earlier philosophy by focusing on Selected Answer: how society actually operates. Correct Answer: how society actually operates. • Question 30 1 out of 1 points According to W. W. Rostow, nations begin at the _______ stage of development and may eventually reach the stage of ________. Selected Answer: traditional; high mass consumption Correct Answer: traditional; high mass consumption • Question 31 1 out of 1 points Patterns that describe many Latino families include Selected Answer: strong extended kinship. Correct Answer: strong extended kinship. • Question 32 1 out of 1 points Which of the following best describes a "well-told" joke? Selected Answer: There is a very sharp contrast between the conventional and unconventional definitions of a reality. Correct Answer: There is a very sharp contrast between the conventional and unconventional definitions of a reality. • Question 33 1 out of 1 points Research shows that growing up in a single-parent family Selected Answer: can disadvantage children. Correct Answer: can disadvantage children. • Question 34 0 out of 1 points The "Seeing Sociology in the News" article in Chapter 1 ("Sociology: Perspective, Theory, and Method") reports that in a bad economy, laid-off workers Selected Answer: are likely to experience marital conflict. Correct Answer: are flocking to community colleges. • Question 35 1 out of 1 points Conservative people supporting the welfare reform argued that the old (pre-1996) system Selected Answer: was creating welfare dependency. Correct Answer: was creating welfare dependency. • Question 36 1 out of 1 points The concept "endogamy" refers to marriage between Selected Answer: people of the same social category. Correct Answer: people of the same social category. • Question 37 1 out of 1 points Of all the people in the world who live in absolute poverty, __________ are women. Selected Answer: 70 percent Correct Answer: 70 percent • Question 38 1 out of 1 points Relative poverty Selected Answer: is found everywhere. Correct Answer: is found everywhere. • Question 39 1 out of 1 points Religion is best defined as a social institution involving Selected Answer: beliefs and practices concerning what is sacred. Correct Answer: beliefs and practices concerning what is sacred. • Question 40 1 out of 1 points The only Western, high-income nation that routinely executes offenders convicted of serious crimes is Selected Answer: the United States. Correct Answer: the United States. • Question 41 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is NOT a trait of religious fundamentalism? Selected Answer: accepting religious pluralism Correct Answer: accepting religious pluralism • Question 42 0 out of 1 points A __________ typically forms as a group of people break away from some established religious organization. Selected Answer: cult Correct Answer: sect • Question 43 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about social change. Which statement is NOT correct? Selected Answer: All social changes is intentional. Correct Answer: All social changes is intentional. • Question 44 1 out of 1 points Peter Berger described using the sociological perspective as seeing the __________ in the __________. Selected Answer: general; particular Correct Answer: general; particular • Question 45 0 out of 1 points The language spoken as a main or second language in more nations of the world than any other is Selected Answer: Spanish. Correct Answer: English. • Question 46 1 out of 1 points The basic idea behind labeling theory is that Selected Answer: deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do. Correct Answer: deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do. • Question 47 1 out of 1 points Which of the following concepts refers to cultural heritage? Selected Answer: ethnicity Correct Answer: ethnicity • Question 48 0 out of 1 points In general, industrialization tends to change the dominant family form from Selected Answer: nuclear families to extended families. Correct Answer: extended families to nuclear families. • Question 49 1 out of 1 points Which of the four statements below is NOT found within the American Sociological Association's guidelines for ethical research? Selected Answer: Researchers must always perform their research several times in order to ensure its accuracy. Correct Answer: Researchers must always perform their research several times in order to ensure its accuracy. • Question 50 1 out of 1 points The concept of relative deprivation is based on the idea that Selected Answer: people evaluate themselves by making specific comparisons. Correct Answer: people evaluate themselves by making specific comparisons. • Question 51 1 out of 1 points The "Seeing Sociology in the News" article in Chapter 2 ("Culture") explains that soldiers training to serve in Afghanistan need to learn Selected Answer: about the culture of that nation in order to win the support of the Afghan people. Correct Answer: about the culture of that nation in order to win the support of the Afghan people. • Question 52 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about immigrant workers in the United States. Which statement is CORRECT? Selected Answer: In general, immigrants do the jobs that no one else wants. Correct Answer: In general, immigrants do the jobs that no one else wants. • Question 53 0 out of 1 points If we are speaking about the "social construction of sexuality," we are probably using Selected Answer: the social-conflict approach. Correct Answer: the symbolic-interaction approach. • Question 54 1 out of 1 points Travis Hirschi's control theory suggests which of the following categories of people would be most likely to engage in deviance? Selected Answer: youngsters who "hang out" on the corner waiting for something to happen Correct Answer: youngsters who "hang out" on the corner waiting for something to happen • Question 55 0 out of 1 points Critics of Erik H. Erikson's theory of personality point out that Selected Answer: not everyone confronts stages in the exact order given be Erikson. Correct Answer: All of the above are correct. • Question 56 1 out of 1 points Theodore Sizer claims that rigid bureaucracy harms schooling. Which of the following statements is NOT one of the arguments made by Sizer? Selected Answer: Rigid bureaucracy encourages students to learn more on their own. Correct Answer: Rigid bureaucracy encourages students to learn more on their own. • Question 57 1 out of 1 points Karl Marx understood the onset of modernity in terms of Selected Answer: the rise of the capitalist economic system. Correct Answer: the rise of the capitalist economic system. • Question 58 1 out of 1 points If you were to attend a New York City Ballet performance, you would experiencing Selected Answer: high culture. Correct Answer: high culture. • Question 59 1 out of 1 points Herbert Spencer described human society as having much in common with Selected Answer: the human body. Correct Answer: the human body. • Question 60 1 out of 1 points Political economy theory claims that social movements arise in capitalist societies Selected Answer: because the capitalist economic system fails to meet the needs of the majority. Correct Answer: because the capitalist economic system fails to meet the needs of the majority. • Question 61 1 out of 1 points According to George Herbert Mead, children learn to "take the role of the other" as they model themselves on important people in their lives, such as parents. Mead referred to these important people as Selected Answer: significant others. Correct Answer: significant others. • Question 62 1 out of 1 points In poor countries, the disadvantages women face relative to men are Selected Answer: greater than in rich nations. Correct Answer: greater than in rich nations. • Question 63 1 out of 1 points In her study of the African American elite, Lois Benjamin made use of Selected Answer: interviews. Correct Answer: interviews. • Question 64 1 out of 1 points Looking ahead twenty years in the United States, the one thing we can be sure of is that Selected Answer: family life will be diverse. Correct Answer: family life will be diverse. • Question 65 1 out of 1 points Olga works as a regional manager for a small corporation. Which of the following categories correctly describes her work? Selected Answer: white-collar work Correct Answer: white-collar work • Question 66 1 out of 1 points Harley Davidson motorcycle riders, computer nerds, and jazz musicians all display ________ patterns. Selected Answer: subcultural Correct Answer: subcultural • Question 67 1 out of 1 points In which region of the United States is the problem of obesity most widespread? Selected Answer: the Southeast Correct Answer: the Southeast • Question 68 0 out of 1 points Studies of children raised in isolation, show that Selected Answer: humans have most of the same instincts found in other animal species. Correct Answer: without social experience, a child is incapable of thought or meaningful action. • Question 69 1 out of 1 points Which of the following concepts reflects the changing of jobs within the same class level? Selected Answer: horizontal social mobility Correct Answer: horizontal social mobility • Question 70 0 out of 1 points Attitudes and practices involving human sexuality Selected Answer: have changed little in the United States over the past 50 years. Correct Answer: vary considerably, both from one society to another and over time. • Question 71 1 out of 1 points The structural-functional approach helps us to Selected Answer: understand "what makes society tick." Correct Answer: understand "what makes society tick." • Question 72 1 out of 1 points Which of the following statements represent an emerging value in our society? Selected Answer: Work is important, but I want more time for leisure and personal growth. Correct Answer: Work is important, but I want more time for leisure and personal growth. • Question 73 1 out of 1 points __________ refers to the fusion of Christian principles with political activism, often Marxist in character Selected Answer: Liberation theology Correct Answer: Liberation theology • Question 74 1 out of 1 points The rise of scientific medicine in the United States began about when? Selected Answer: 1847, with the founding of the American Medical Association Correct Answer: 1847, with the founding of the American Medical Association • Question 75 0 out of 1 points The death penalty Selected Answer: is legal in all of the fifty states. Correct Answer: is legal in most states, but is actually carried out only in a few states. • Question 76 1 out of 1 points A survey is a research method in which subjects respond to a series of items or questions. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 77 1 out of 1 points The English philosopher Thomas Hobbes believed that society reflected the failings of human selfishness. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 78 0 out of 1 points George Herbert Mead described how our impressions of other people form the basis of a "looking glass self." Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: False • Question 79 1 out of 1 points People who formally leave a role (such as an ex-convict) often find that their earlier identity stays with them. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 80 0 out of 1 points People of all races and class positions have had the same opportunities to participate in sports. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: False • Question 81 1 out of 1 points Culture theory would argue that a photograph, song, or some other symbol often serves as the rallying point for forming a social movement. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 82 1 out of 1 points In the United States, it is correct to say that social position is simply a reflection of a person's talents and abilities. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 83 1 out of 1 points People in all cultures respond to intersexual people with confusion or even disgust. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 84 1 out of 1 points Prenuptial agreements are a sensible way to prepare for eventual separation, divorce, or death of a spouse. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 85 0 out of 1 points Research indicates that a majority of U.S. married males report having been sexually faithful to their wives during their marriage. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: True • Question 86 1 out of 1 points The sociological perspective reveals that personal decisions such as whom we marry are shaped to a large degree by our social environment. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 87 0 out of 1 points Talcott Parsons claimed that, to qualify for the sick role, a person must want to become healthy. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: True • Question 88 1 out of 1 points There was no distinct category of "homosexual" until about a century ago. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 89 1 out of 1 points In the former Soviet Union classes emerged based on the type of jobs people held. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 90 1 out of 1 points Emile Durkheim's analysis suggests it would be impossible for a society to completely eliminate deviance. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 91 1 out of 1 points Revolutionary changes in European societies sparked the development of sociology. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 92 1 out of 1 points "Due process" means handling alleged offenders within the bounds of the law. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 93 1 out of 1 points In the United States, infant mortality rates among low-income children are now about the same as rates for the children of the wealthy. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 94 1 out of 1 points Multiculturalism is oppositional to Eurocentrism, the dominance of European cultural patterns. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 95 1 out of 1 points Validity refers to actually measuring exactly what one intends to measure. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 96 1 out of 1 points Emotions have both a biological and cultural foundation. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 97 1 out of 1 points Karl Marx was a major architect of mass-society theory. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 98 1 out of 1 points In general, low-income countries are more likely to take on the form of gerontocracy with the oldest people having the most wealth and power. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 99 1 out of 1 points To identify cause-and-effect relationships, it is usually necessary to exercise experimental control of variables. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 100 1 out of 1 points Changing health standards are evident in the fact that fifty years ago, people in the United States bathed more frequently, on average, than they do today. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False

• Question 1 1 out of 1 points By "taking the role of the other," Mead had in mind Selected Answer: imagining a situation from another person's point of view. Correct Answer: imagining a situation from another person's point of view. • Question 2 0 out of 1 points The problem of functional illiteracy refers to the fact that Selected Answer: a significant share of U.S. children never attend school. Correct Answer: young people leave school without having learned basic skills. • Question 3 1 out of 1 points The social standing of women and men in hunting and gathering societies is Selected Answer: fairly equal, with men and women making vital contributions to survival. Correct Answer: fairly equal, with men and women making vital contributions to survival. • Question 4 0 out of 1 points David Riesman described "other-directed" social character as Selected Answer: rigid conformity to traditional ways of life. Correct Answer: conformity to the latest fashions and fads. • Question 5 1 out of 1 points "Personal space" refers to Selected Answer: the surrounding area in which an individual makes some claim to privacy. Correct Answer: the surrounding area in which an individual makes some claim to privacy. • Question 6 1 out of 1 points The rate of small business ownership is high among Asian Americans. This pattern reflects Selected Answer: cultural values including achievement and self-reliance. Correct Answer: cultural values including achievement and self-reliance. • Question 7 1 out of 1 points In the United States today Selected Answer: there is a shortage of teachers. Correct Answer: there is a shortage of teachers. • Question 8 1 out of 1 points The basic reason that schooling is limited in India is Selected Answer: although India is now a middle-income country, many families need children to work for income. Correct Answer: although India is now a middle-income country, many families need children to work for income. • Question 9 0 out of 1 points The United States has now entered the __________ technological era. Selected Answer: industrial Correct Answer: postindustrial • Question 10 1 out of 1 points A general lesson we learn from sociological research about education is that Selected Answer: good education depends not only on schools but on the state of families and local communities. Correct Answer: good education depends not only on schools but on the state of families and local communities. • Question 11 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about race. Which statement is CORRECT? Selected Answer: Many sociologists claim that the concept of "race" is misleading and even harmful. Correct Answer: Many sociologists claim that the concept of "race" is misleading and even harmful. • Question 12 1 out of 1 points The concept "ethnocentrism" refers to Selected Answer: judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture. Correct Answer: judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture. • Question 13 1 out of 1 points Thomas Hobbes's idea that society reflects a selfish human nature illustrates the thinking common to Comte's __________ of societal development. Selected Answer: metaphysical stage Correct Answer: metaphysical stage • Question 14 1 out of 1 points A college professor who has advanced degrees, moderate salary, and little power can be described as having Selected Answer: low status consistency. Correct Answer: low status consistency. • Question 15 0 out of 1 points Read the following statements about minorities. Which statement is NOT correct? Selected Answer: Usually, people can readily identify a member of a minority. Correct Answer: All people in a minority category are socially disadvantaged. • Question 16 1 out of 1 points In 2008, ______ people were counted by the government as having income below the official poverty line? Selected Answer: 39.8 million Correct Answer: 39.8 million • Question 17 1 out of 1 points Herbert Marcuse challenged Max Weber by claiming that modern societies are not rational because Selected Answer: they do not meet the needs of so many people. Correct Answer: they do not meet the needs of so many people. • Question 18 1 out of 1 points While being in the upper-upper class is usually the result of __________, being in the lower-upper class is more often a matter of __________. Selected Answer: birth; achievement Correct Answer: birth; achievement • Question 19 1 out of 1 points What share of the richest people in the United States gained their fortunes mostly from inheritance? Selected Answer: more than one-third Correct Answer: more than one-third • Question 20 1 out of 1 points Which early U.S. sociologist earned the first doctorate ever awarded by Harvard University to a person of color? Selected Answer: W. E. B. Du Bois Correct Answer: W. E. B. Du Bois • Question 21 1 out of 1 points The term ____________ refers to humans who have some combination of female and male genitalia? Selected Answer: intersexual people Correct Answer: intersexual people • Question 22 1 out of 1 points Durkheim's concept of organic solidarity corresponds to Tönnies's concept of Selected Answer: Gesellschaft. Correct Answer: Gesellschaft. • Question 23 1 out of 1 points Which of the following statements comes closest to describing Erik H. Erikson's view of socialization? Selected Answer: Personality develops over the entire life course in patterned stages. Correct Answer: Personality develops over the entire life course in patterned stages. • Question 24 1 out of 1 points Criminal statistics gathered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation reflect Selected Answer: only offenses known to the police. Correct Answer: only offenses known to the police. • Question 25 1 out of 1 points Critics claim that modernization theory Selected Answer: ignores how rich nations can block the economic development of poor nations. Correct Answer: ignores how rich nations can block the economic development of poor nations. • Question 26 1 out of 1 points When people model themselves after the members of peer groups they would like to join, they are engaging in Selected Answer: anticipatory socialization. Correct Answer: anticipatory socialization. • Question 27 1 out of 1 points The theoretical approach that highlights the link between culture and social inequality is the Selected Answer: social-conflict approach. Correct Answer: social-conflict approach. • Question 28 1 out of 1 points Paul Ekman claims that a major function of emotions is to Selected Answer: support group life by forging connections with others. Correct Answer: support group life by forging connections with others. • Question 29 1 out of 1 points Sociology differs from earlier philosophy by focusing on Selected Answer: how society actually operates. Correct Answer: how society actually operates. • Question 30 1 out of 1 points According to W. W. Rostow, nations begin at the _______ stage of development and may eventually reach the stage of ________. Selected Answer: traditional; high mass consumption Correct Answer: traditional; high mass consumption • Question 31 1 out of 1 points Patterns that describe many Latino families include Selected Answer: strong extended kinship. Correct Answer: strong extended kinship. • Question 32 1 out of 1 points Which of the following best describes a "well-told" joke? Selected Answer: There is a very sharp contrast between the conventional and unconventional definitions of a reality. Correct Answer: There is a very sharp contrast between the conventional and unconventional definitions of a reality. • Question 33 1 out of 1 points Research shows that growing up in a single-parent family Selected Answer: can disadvantage children. Correct Answer: can disadvantage children. • Question 34 0 out of 1 points The "Seeing Sociology in the News" article in Chapter 1 ("Sociology: Perspective, Theory, and Method") reports that in a bad economy, laid-off workers Selected Answer: are likely to experience marital conflict. Correct Answer: are flocking to community colleges. • Question 35 1 out of 1 points Conservative people supporting the welfare reform argued that the old (pre-1996) system Selected Answer: was creating welfare dependency. Correct Answer: was creating welfare dependency. • Question 36 1 out of 1 points The concept "endogamy" refers to marriage between Selected Answer: people of the same social category. Correct Answer: people of the same social category. • Question 37 1 out of 1 points Of all the people in the world who live in absolute poverty, __________ are women. Selected Answer: 70 percent Correct Answer: 70 percent • Question 38 1 out of 1 points Relative poverty Selected Answer: is found everywhere. Correct Answer: is found everywhere. • Question 39 1 out of 1 points Religion is best defined as a social institution involving Selected Answer: beliefs and practices concerning what is sacred. Correct Answer: beliefs and practices concerning what is sacred. • Question 40 1 out of 1 points The only Western, high-income nation that routinely executes offenders convicted of serious crimes is Selected Answer: the United States. Correct Answer: the United States. • Question 41 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is NOT a trait of religious fundamentalism? Selected Answer: accepting religious pluralism Correct Answer: accepting religious pluralism • Question 42 0 out of 1 points A __________ typically forms as a group of people break away from some established religious organization. Selected Answer: cult Correct Answer: sect • Question 43 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about social change. Which statement is NOT correct? Selected Answer: All social changes is intentional. Correct Answer: All social changes is intentional. • Question 44 1 out of 1 points Peter Berger described using the sociological perspective as seeing the __________ in the __________. Selected Answer: general; particular Correct Answer: general; particular • Question 45 0 out of 1 points The language spoken as a main or second language in more nations of the world than any other is Selected Answer: Spanish. Correct Answer: English. • Question 46 1 out of 1 points The basic idea behind labeling theory is that Selected Answer: deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do. Correct Answer: deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do. • Question 47 1 out of 1 points Which of the following concepts refers to cultural heritage? Selected Answer: ethnicity Correct Answer: ethnicity • Question 48 0 out of 1 points In general, industrialization tends to change the dominant family form from Selected Answer: nuclear families to extended families. Correct Answer: extended families to nuclear families. • Question 49 1 out of 1 points Which of the four statements below is NOT found within the American Sociological Association's guidelines for ethical research? Selected Answer: Researchers must always perform their research several times in order to ensure its accuracy. Correct Answer: Researchers must always perform their research several times in order to ensure its accuracy. • Question 50 1 out of 1 points The concept of relative deprivation is based on the idea that Selected Answer: people evaluate themselves by making specific comparisons. Correct Answer: people evaluate themselves by making specific comparisons. • Question 51 1 out of 1 points The "Seeing Sociology in the News" article in Chapter 2 ("Culture") explains that soldiers training to serve in Afghanistan need to learn Selected Answer: about the culture of that nation in order to win the support of the Afghan people. Correct Answer: about the culture of that nation in order to win the support of the Afghan people. • Question 52 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about immigrant workers in the United States. Which statement is CORRECT? Selected Answer: In general, immigrants do the jobs that no one else wants. Correct Answer: In general, immigrants do the jobs that no one else wants. • Question 53 0 out of 1 points If we are speaking about the "social construction of sexuality," we are probably using Selected Answer: the social-conflict approach. Correct Answer: the symbolic-interaction approach. • Question 54 1 out of 1 points Travis Hirschi's control theory suggests which of the following categories of people would be most likely to engage in deviance? Selected Answer: youngsters who "hang out" on the corner waiting for something to happen Correct Answer: youngsters who "hang out" on the corner waiting for something to happen • Question 55 0 out of 1 points Critics of Erik H. Erikson's theory of personality point out that Selected Answer: not everyone confronts stages in the exact order given be Erikson. Correct Answer: All of the above are correct. • Question 56 1 out of 1 points Theodore Sizer claims that rigid bureaucracy harms schooling. Which of the following statements is NOT one of the arguments made by Sizer? Selected Answer: Rigid bureaucracy encourages students to learn more on their own. Correct Answer: Rigid bureaucracy encourages students to learn more on their own. • Question 57 1 out of 1 points Karl Marx understood the onset of modernity in terms of Selected Answer: the rise of the capitalist economic system. Correct Answer: the rise of the capitalist economic system. • Question 58 1 out of 1 points If you were to attend a New York City Ballet performance, you would experiencing Selected Answer: high culture. Correct Answer: high culture. • Question 59 1 out of 1 points Herbert Spencer described human society as having much in common with Selected Answer: the human body. Correct Answer: the human body. • Question 60 1 out of 1 points Political economy theory claims that social movements arise in capitalist societies Selected Answer: because the capitalist economic system fails to meet the needs of the majority. Correct Answer: because the capitalist economic system fails to meet the needs of the majority. • Question 61 1 out of 1 points According to George Herbert Mead, children learn to "take the role of the other" as they model themselves on important people in their lives, such as parents. Mead referred to these important people as Selected Answer: significant others. Correct Answer: significant others. • Question 62 1 out of 1 points In poor countries, the disadvantages women face relative to men are Selected Answer: greater than in rich nations. Correct Answer: greater than in rich nations. • Question 63 1 out of 1 points In her study of the African American elite, Lois Benjamin made use of Selected Answer: interviews. Correct Answer: interviews. • Question 64 1 out of 1 points Looking ahead twenty years in the United States, the one thing we can be sure of is that Selected Answer: family life will be diverse. Correct Answer: family life will be diverse. • Question 65 1 out of 1 points Olga works as a regional manager for a small corporation. Which of the following categories correctly describes her work? Selected Answer: white-collar work Correct Answer: white-collar work • Question 66 1 out of 1 points Harley Davidson motorcycle riders, computer nerds, and jazz musicians all display ________ patterns. Selected Answer: subcultural Correct Answer: subcultural • Question 67 1 out of 1 points In which region of the United States is the problem of obesity most widespread? Selected Answer: the Southeast Correct Answer: the Southeast • Question 68 0 out of 1 points Studies of children raised in isolation, show that Selected Answer: humans have most of the same instincts found in other animal species. Correct Answer: without social experience, a child is incapable of thought or meaningful action. • Question 69 1 out of 1 points Which of the following concepts reflects the changing of jobs within the same class level? Selected Answer: horizontal social mobility Correct Answer: horizontal social mobility • Question 70 0 out of 1 points Attitudes and practices involving human sexuality Selected Answer: have changed little in the United States over the past 50 years. Correct Answer: vary considerably, both from one society to another and over time. • Question 71 1 out of 1 points The structural-functional approach helps us to Selected Answer: understand "what makes society tick." Correct Answer: understand "what makes society tick." • Question 72 1 out of 1 points Which of the following statements represent an emerging value in our society? Selected Answer: Work is important, but I want more time for leisure and personal growth. Correct Answer: Work is important, but I want more time for leisure and personal growth. • Question 73 1 out of 1 points __________ refers to the fusion of Christian principles with political activism, often Marxist in character Selected Answer: Liberation theology Correct Answer: Liberation theology • Question 74 1 out of 1 points The rise of scientific medicine in the United States began about when? Selected Answer: 1847, with the founding of the American Medical Association Correct Answer: 1847, with the founding of the American Medical Association • Question 75 0 out of 1 points The death penalty Selected Answer: is legal in all of the fifty states. Correct Answer: is legal in most states, but is actually carried out only in a few states. • Question 76 1 out of 1 points A survey is a research method in which subjects respond to a series of items or questions. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 77 1 out of 1 points The English philosopher Thomas Hobbes believed that society reflected the failings of human selfishness. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 78 0 out of 1 points George Herbert Mead described how our impressions of other people form the basis of a "looking glass self." Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: False • Question 79 1 out of 1 points People who formally leave a role (such as an ex-convict) often find that their earlier identity stays with them. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 80 0 out of 1 points People of all races and class positions have had the same opportunities to participate in sports. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: False • Question 81 1 out of 1 points Culture theory would argue that a photograph, song, or some other symbol often serves as the rallying point for forming a social movement. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 82 1 out of 1 points In the United States, it is correct to say that social position is simply a reflection of a person's talents and abilities. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 83 1 out of 1 points People in all cultures respond to intersexual people with confusion or even disgust. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 84 1 out of 1 points Prenuptial agreements are a sensible way to prepare for eventual separation, divorce, or death of a spouse. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 85 0 out of 1 points Research indicates that a majority of U.S. married males report having been sexually faithful to their wives during their marriage. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: True • Question 86 1 out of 1 points The sociological perspective reveals that personal decisions such as whom we marry are shaped to a large degree by our social environment. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 87 0 out of 1 points Talcott Parsons claimed that, to qualify for the sick role, a person must want to become healthy. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: True • Question 88 1 out of 1 points There was no distinct category of "homosexual" until about a century ago. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 89 1 out of 1 points In the former Soviet Union classes emerged based on the type of jobs people held. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 90 1 out of 1 points Emile Durkheim's analysis suggests it would be impossible for a society to completely eliminate deviance. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 91 1 out of 1 points Revolutionary changes in European societies sparked the development of sociology. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 92 1 out of 1 points "Due process" means handling alleged offenders within the bounds of the law. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 93 1 out of 1 points In the United States, infant mortality rates among low-income children are now about the same as rates for the children of the wealthy. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 94 1 out of 1 points Multiculturalism is oppositional to Eurocentrism, the dominance of European cultural patterns. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 95 1 out of 1 points Validity refers to actually measuring exactly what one intends to measure. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 96 1 out of 1 points Emotions have both a biological and cultural foundation. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 97 1 out of 1 points Karl Marx was a major architect of mass-society theory. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 98 1 out of 1 points In general, low-income countries are more likely to take on the form of gerontocracy with the oldest people having the most wealth and power. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 99 1 out of 1 points To identify cause-and-effect relationships, it is usually necessary to exercise experimental control of variables. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 100 1 out of 1 points Changing health standards are evident in the fact that fifty years ago, people in the United States bathed more frequently, on average, than they do today. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False

• Question 1 1 out of 1 points By "taking the role of the other," Mead had in mind Selected Answer: imagining a situation from another person's point of view. Correct Answer: imagining a situation from another person's point of view. • Question 2 0 out of 1 points The problem of functional illiteracy refers to the fact that Selected Answer: a significant share of U.S. children never attend school. Correct Answer: young people leave school without having learned basic skills. • Question 3 1 out of 1 points The social standing of women and men in hunting and gathering societies is Selected Answer: fairly equal, with men and women making vital contributions to survival. Correct Answer: fairly equal, with men and women making vital contributions to survival. • Question 4 0 out of 1 points David Riesman described "other-directed" social character as Selected Answer: rigid conformity to traditional ways of life. Correct Answer: conformity to the latest fashions and fads. • Question 5 1 out of 1 points "Personal space" refers to Selected Answer: the surrounding area in which an individual makes some claim to privacy. Correct Answer: the surrounding area in which an individual makes some claim to privacy. • Question 6 1 out of 1 points The rate of small business ownership is high among Asian Americans. This pattern reflects Selected Answer: cultural values including achievement and self-reliance. Correct Answer: cultural values including achievement and self-reliance. • Question 7 1 out of 1 points In the United States today Selected Answer: there is a shortage of teachers. Correct Answer: there is a shortage of teachers. • Question 8 1 out of 1 points The basic reason that schooling is limited in India is Selected Answer: although India is now a middle-income country, many families need children to work for income. Correct Answer: although India is now a middle-income country, many families need children to work for income. • Question 9 0 out of 1 points The United States has now entered the __________ technological era. Selected Answer: industrial Correct Answer: postindustrial • Question 10 1 out of 1 points A general lesson we learn from sociological research about education is that Selected Answer: good education depends not only on schools but on the state of families and local communities. Correct Answer: good education depends not only on schools but on the state of families and local communities. • Question 11 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about race. Which statement is CORRECT? Selected Answer: Many sociologists claim that the concept of "race" is misleading and even harmful. Correct Answer: Many sociologists claim that the concept of "race" is misleading and even harmful. • Question 12 1 out of 1 points The concept "ethnocentrism" refers to Selected Answer: judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture. Correct Answer: judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture. • Question 13 1 out of 1 points Thomas Hobbes's idea that society reflects a selfish human nature illustrates the thinking common to Comte's __________ of societal development. Selected Answer: metaphysical stage Correct Answer: metaphysical stage • Question 14 1 out of 1 points A college professor who has advanced degrees, moderate salary, and little power can be described as having Selected Answer: low status consistency. Correct Answer: low status consistency. • Question 15 0 out of 1 points Read the following statements about minorities. Which statement is NOT correct? Selected Answer: Usually, people can readily identify a member of a minority. Correct Answer: All people in a minority category are socially disadvantaged. • Question 16 1 out of 1 points In 2008, ______ people were counted by the government as having income below the official poverty line? Selected Answer: 39.8 million Correct Answer: 39.8 million • Question 17 1 out of 1 points Herbert Marcuse challenged Max Weber by claiming that modern societies are not rational because Selected Answer: they do not meet the needs of so many people. Correct Answer: they do not meet the needs of so many people. • Question 18 1 out of 1 points While being in the upper-upper class is usually the result of __________, being in the lower-upper class is more often a matter of __________. Selected Answer: birth; achievement Correct Answer: birth; achievement • Question 19 1 out of 1 points What share of the richest people in the United States gained their fortunes mostly from inheritance? Selected Answer: more than one-third Correct Answer: more than one-third • Question 20 1 out of 1 points Which early U.S. sociologist earned the first doctorate ever awarded by Harvard University to a person of color? Selected Answer: W. E. B. Du Bois Correct Answer: W. E. B. Du Bois • Question 21 1 out of 1 points The term ____________ refers to humans who have some combination of female and male genitalia? Selected Answer: intersexual people Correct Answer: intersexual people • Question 22 1 out of 1 points Durkheim's concept of organic solidarity corresponds to Tönnies's concept of Selected Answer: Gesellschaft. Correct Answer: Gesellschaft. • Question 23 1 out of 1 points Which of the following statements comes closest to describing Erik H. Erikson's view of socialization? Selected Answer: Personality develops over the entire life course in patterned stages. Correct Answer: Personality develops over the entire life course in patterned stages. • Question 24 1 out of 1 points Criminal statistics gathered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation reflect Selected Answer: only offenses known to the police. Correct Answer: only offenses known to the police. • Question 25 1 out of 1 points Critics claim that modernization theory Selected Answer: ignores how rich nations can block the economic development of poor nations. Correct Answer: ignores how rich nations can block the economic development of poor nations. • Question 26 1 out of 1 points When people model themselves after the members of peer groups they would like to join, they are engaging in Selected Answer: anticipatory socialization. Correct Answer: anticipatory socialization. • Question 27 1 out of 1 points The theoretical approach that highlights the link between culture and social inequality is the Selected Answer: social-conflict approach. Correct Answer: social-conflict approach. • Question 28 1 out of 1 points Paul Ekman claims that a major function of emotions is to Selected Answer: support group life by forging connections with others. Correct Answer: support group life by forging connections with others. • Question 29 1 out of 1 points Sociology differs from earlier philosophy by focusing on Selected Answer: how society actually operates. Correct Answer: how society actually operates. • Question 30 1 out of 1 points According to W. W. Rostow, nations begin at the _______ stage of development and may eventually reach the stage of ________. Selected Answer: traditional; high mass consumption Correct Answer: traditional; high mass consumption • Question 31 1 out of 1 points Patterns that describe many Latino families include Selected Answer: strong extended kinship. Correct Answer: strong extended kinship. • Question 32 1 out of 1 points Which of the following best describes a "well-told" joke? Selected Answer: There is a very sharp contrast between the conventional and unconventional definitions of a reality. Correct Answer: There is a very sharp contrast between the conventional and unconventional definitions of a reality. • Question 33 1 out of 1 points Research shows that growing up in a single-parent family Selected Answer: can disadvantage children. Correct Answer: can disadvantage children. • Question 34 0 out of 1 points The "Seeing Sociology in the News" article in Chapter 1 ("Sociology: Perspective, Theory, and Method") reports that in a bad economy, laid-off workers Selected Answer: are likely to experience marital conflict. Correct Answer: are flocking to community colleges. • Question 35 1 out of 1 points Conservative people supporting the welfare reform argued that the old (pre-1996) system Selected Answer: was creating welfare dependency. Correct Answer: was creating welfare dependency. • Question 36 1 out of 1 points The concept "endogamy" refers to marriage between Selected Answer: people of the same social category. Correct Answer: people of the same social category. • Question 37 1 out of 1 points Of all the people in the world who live in absolute poverty, __________ are women. Selected Answer: 70 percent Correct Answer: 70 percent • Question 38 1 out of 1 points Relative poverty Selected Answer: is found everywhere. Correct Answer: is found everywhere. • Question 39 1 out of 1 points Religion is best defined as a social institution involving Selected Answer: beliefs and practices concerning what is sacred. Correct Answer: beliefs and practices concerning what is sacred. • Question 40 1 out of 1 points The only Western, high-income nation that routinely executes offenders convicted of serious crimes is Selected Answer: the United States. Correct Answer: the United States. • Question 41 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is NOT a trait of religious fundamentalism? Selected Answer: accepting religious pluralism Correct Answer: accepting religious pluralism • Question 42 0 out of 1 points A __________ typically forms as a group of people break away from some established religious organization. Selected Answer: cult Correct Answer: sect • Question 43 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about social change. Which statement is NOT correct? Selected Answer: All social changes is intentional. Correct Answer: All social changes is intentional. • Question 44 1 out of 1 points Peter Berger described using the sociological perspective as seeing the __________ in the __________. Selected Answer: general; particular Correct Answer: general; particular • Question 45 0 out of 1 points The language spoken as a main or second language in more nations of the world than any other is Selected Answer: Spanish. Correct Answer: English. • Question 46 1 out of 1 points The basic idea behind labeling theory is that Selected Answer: deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do. Correct Answer: deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do. • Question 47 1 out of 1 points Which of the following concepts refers to cultural heritage? Selected Answer: ethnicity Correct Answer: ethnicity • Question 48 0 out of 1 points In general, industrialization tends to change the dominant family form from Selected Answer: nuclear families to extended families. Correct Answer: extended families to nuclear families. • Question 49 1 out of 1 points Which of the four statements below is NOT found within the American Sociological Association's guidelines for ethical research? Selected Answer: Researchers must always perform their research several times in order to ensure its accuracy. Correct Answer: Researchers must always perform their research several times in order to ensure its accuracy. • Question 50 1 out of 1 points The concept of relative deprivation is based on the idea that Selected Answer: people evaluate themselves by making specific comparisons. Correct Answer: people evaluate themselves by making specific comparisons. • Question 51 1 out of 1 points The "Seeing Sociology in the News" article in Chapter 2 ("Culture") explains that soldiers training to serve in Afghanistan need to learn Selected Answer: about the culture of that nation in order to win the support of the Afghan people. Correct Answer: about the culture of that nation in order to win the support of the Afghan people. • Question 52 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about immigrant workers in the United States. Which statement is CORRECT? Selected Answer: In general, immigrants do the jobs that no one else wants. Correct Answer: In general, immigrants do the jobs that no one else wants. • Question 53 0 out of 1 points If we are speaking about the "social construction of sexuality," we are probably using Selected Answer: the social-conflict approach. Correct Answer: the symbolic-interaction approach. • Question 54 1 out of 1 points Travis Hirschi's control theory suggests which of the following categories of people would be most likely to engage in deviance? Selected Answer: youngsters who "hang out" on the corner waiting for something to happen Correct Answer: youngsters who "hang out" on the corner waiting for something to happen • Question 55 0 out of 1 points Critics of Erik H. Erikson's theory of personality point out that Selected Answer: not everyone confronts stages in the exact order given be Erikson. Correct Answer: All of the above are correct. • Question 56 1 out of 1 points Theodore Sizer claims that rigid bureaucracy harms schooling. Which of the following statements is NOT one of the arguments made by Sizer? Selected Answer: Rigid bureaucracy encourages students to learn more on their own. Correct Answer: Rigid bureaucracy encourages students to learn more on their own. • Question 57 1 out of 1 points Karl Marx understood the onset of modernity in terms of Selected Answer: the rise of the capitalist economic system. Correct Answer: the rise of the capitalist economic system. • Question 58 1 out of 1 points If you were to attend a New York City Ballet performance, you would experiencing Selected Answer: high culture. Correct Answer: high culture. • Question 59 1 out of 1 points Herbert Spencer described human society as having much in common with Selected Answer: the human body. Correct Answer: the human body. • Question 60 1 out of 1 points Political economy theory claims that social movements arise in capitalist societies Selected Answer: because the capitalist economic system fails to meet the needs of the majority. Correct Answer: because the capitalist economic system fails to meet the needs of the majority. • Question 61 1 out of 1 points According to George Herbert Mead, children learn to "take the role of the other" as they model themselves on important people in their lives, such as parents. Mead referred to these important people as Selected Answer: significant others. Correct Answer: significant others. • Question 62 1 out of 1 points In poor countries, the disadvantages women face relative to men are Selected Answer: greater than in rich nations. Correct Answer: greater than in rich nations. • Question 63 1 out of 1 points In her study of the African American elite, Lois Benjamin made use of Selected Answer: interviews. Correct Answer: interviews. • Question 64 1 out of 1 points Looking ahead twenty years in the United States, the one thing we can be sure of is that Selected Answer: family life will be diverse. Correct Answer: family life will be diverse. • Question 65 1 out of 1 points Olga works as a regional manager for a small corporation. Which of the following categories correctly describes her work? Selected Answer: white-collar work Correct Answer: white-collar work • Question 66 1 out of 1 points Harley Davidson motorcycle riders, computer nerds, and jazz musicians all display ________ patterns. Selected Answer: subcultural Correct Answer: subcultural • Question 67 1 out of 1 points In which region of the United States is the problem of obesity most widespread? Selected Answer: the Southeast Correct Answer: the Southeast • Question 68 0 out of 1 points Studies of children raised in isolation, show that Selected Answer: humans have most of the same instincts found in other animal species. Correct Answer: without social experience, a child is incapable of thought or meaningful action. • Question 69 1 out of 1 points Which of the following concepts reflects the changing of jobs within the same class level? Selected Answer: horizontal social mobility Correct Answer: horizontal social mobility • Question 70 0 out of 1 points Attitudes and practices involving human sexuality Selected Answer: have changed little in the United States over the past 50 years. Correct Answer: vary considerably, both from one society to another and over time. • Question 71 1 out of 1 points The structural-functional approach helps us to Selected Answer: understand "what makes society tick." Correct Answer: understand "what makes society tick." • Question 72 1 out of 1 points Which of the following statements represent an emerging value in our society? Selected Answer: Work is important, but I want more time for leisure and personal growth. Correct Answer: Work is important, but I want more time for leisure and personal growth. • Question 73 1 out of 1 points __________ refers to the fusion of Christian principles with political activism, often Marxist in character Selected Answer: Liberation theology Correct Answer: Liberation theology • Question 74 1 out of 1 points The rise of scientific medicine in the United States began about when? Selected Answer: 1847, with the founding of the American Medical Association Correct Answer: 1847, with the founding of the American Medical Association • Question 75 0 out of 1 points The death penalty Selected Answer: is legal in all of the fifty states. Correct Answer: is legal in most states, but is actually carried out only in a few states. • Question 76 1 out of 1 points A survey is a research method in which subjects respond to a series of items or questions. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 77 1 out of 1 points The English philosopher Thomas Hobbes believed that society reflected the failings of human selfishness. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 78 0 out of 1 points George Herbert Mead described how our impressions of other people form the basis of a "looking glass self." Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: False • Question 79 1 out of 1 points People who formally leave a role (such as an ex-convict) often find that their earlier identity stays with them. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 80 0 out of 1 points People of all races and class positions have had the same opportunities to participate in sports. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: False • Question 81 1 out of 1 points Culture theory would argue that a photograph, song, or some other symbol often serves as the rallying point for forming a social movement. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 82 1 out of 1 points In the United States, it is correct to say that social position is simply a reflection of a person's talents and abilities. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 83 1 out of 1 points People in all cultures respond to intersexual people with confusion or even disgust. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 84 1 out of 1 points Prenuptial agreements are a sensible way to prepare for eventual separation, divorce, or death of a spouse. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 85 0 out of 1 points Research indicates that a majority of U.S. married males report having been sexually faithful to their wives during their marriage. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: True • Question 86 1 out of 1 points The sociological perspective reveals that personal decisions such as whom we marry are shaped to a large degree by our social environment. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 87 0 out of 1 points Talcott Parsons claimed that, to qualify for the sick role, a person must want to become healthy. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: True • Question 88 1 out of 1 points There was no distinct category of "homosexual" until about a century ago. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 89 1 out of 1 points In the former Soviet Union classes emerged based on the type of jobs people held. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 90 1 out of 1 points Emile Durkheim's analysis suggests it would be impossible for a society to completely eliminate deviance. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 91 1 out of 1 points Revolutionary changes in European societies sparked the development of sociology. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 92 1 out of 1 points "Due process" means handling alleged offenders within the bounds of the law. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 93 1 out of 1 points In the United States, infant mortality rates among low-income children are now about the same as rates for the children of the wealthy. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 94 1 out of 1 points Multiculturalism is oppositional to Eurocentrism, the dominance of European cultural patterns. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 95 1 out of 1 points Validity refers to actually measuring exactly what one intends to measure. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 96 1 out of 1 points Emotions have both a biological and cultural foundation. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 97 1 out of 1 points Karl Marx was a major architect of mass-society theory. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 98 1 out of 1 points In general, low-income countries are more likely to take on the form of gerontocracy with the oldest people having the most wealth and power. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 99 1 out of 1 points To identify cause-and-effect relationships, it is usually necessary to exercise experimental control of variables. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 100 1 out of 1 points Changing health standards are evident in the fact that fifty years ago, people in the United States bathed more frequently, on average, than they do today. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False Monday, November 14, 2016 9:03:23 AM CST

• Question 1 1 out of 1 points By "taking the role of the other," Mead had in mind Selected Answer: imagining a situation from another person's point of view. Correct Answer: imagining a situation from another person's point of view. • Question 2 0 out of 1 points The problem of functional illiteracy refers to the fact that Selected Answer: a significant share of U.S. children never attend school. Correct Answer: young people leave school without having learned basic skills. • Question 3 1 out of 1 points The social standing of women and men in hunting and gathering societies is Selected Answer: fairly equal, with men and women making vital contributions to survival. Correct Answer: fairly equal, with men and women making vital contributions to survival. • Question 4 0 out of 1 points David Riesman described "other-directed" social character as Selected Answer: rigid conformity to traditional ways of life. Correct Answer: conformity to the latest fashions and fads. • Question 5 1 out of 1 points "Personal space" refers to Selected Answer: the surrounding area in which an individual makes some claim to privacy. Correct Answer: the surrounding area in which an individual makes some claim to privacy. • Question 6 1 out of 1 points The rate of small business ownership is high among Asian Americans. This pattern reflects Selected Answer: cultural values including achievement and self-reliance. Correct Answer: cultural values including achievement and self-reliance. • Question 7 1 out of 1 points In the United States today Selected Answer: there is a shortage of teachers. Correct Answer: there is a shortage of teachers. • Question 8 1 out of 1 points The basic reason that schooling is limited in India is Selected Answer: although India is now a middle-income country, many families need children to work for income. Correct Answer: although India is now a middle-income country, many families need children to work for income. • Question 9 0 out of 1 points The United States has now entered the __________ technological era. Selected Answer: industrial Correct Answer: postindustrial • Question 10 1 out of 1 points A general lesson we learn from sociological research about education is that Selected Answer: good education depends not only on schools but on the state of families and local communities. Correct Answer: good education depends not only on schools but on the state of families and local communities. • Question 11 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about race. Which statement is CORRECT? Selected Answer: Many sociologists claim that the concept of "race" is misleading and even harmful. Correct Answer: Many sociologists claim that the concept of "race" is misleading and even harmful. • Question 12 1 out of 1 points The concept "ethnocentrism" refers to Selected Answer: judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture. Correct Answer: judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture. • Question 13 1 out of 1 points Thomas Hobbes's idea that society reflects a selfish human nature illustrates the thinking common to Comte's __________ of societal development. Selected Answer: metaphysical stage Correct Answer: metaphysical stage • Question 14 1 out of 1 points A college professor who has advanced degrees, moderate salary, and little power can be described as having Selected Answer: low status consistency. Correct Answer: low status consistency. • Question 15 0 out of 1 points Read the following statements about minorities. Which statement is NOT correct? Selected Answer: Usually, people can readily identify a member of a minority. Correct Answer: All people in a minority category are socially disadvantaged. • Question 16 1 out of 1 points In 2008, ______ people were counted by the government as having income below the official poverty line? Selected Answer: 39.8 million Correct Answer: 39.8 million • Question 17 1 out of 1 points Herbert Marcuse challenged Max Weber by claiming that modern societies are not rational because Selected Answer: they do not meet the needs of so many people. Correct Answer: they do not meet the needs of so many people. • Question 18 1 out of 1 points While being in the upper-upper class is usually the result of __________, being in the lower-upper class is more often a matter of __________. Selected Answer: birth; achievement Correct Answer: birth; achievement • Question 19 1 out of 1 points What share of the richest people in the United States gained their fortunes mostly from inheritance? Selected Answer: more than one-third Correct Answer: more than one-third • Question 20 1 out of 1 points Which early U.S. sociologist earned the first doctorate ever awarded by Harvard University to a person of color? Selected Answer: W. E. B. Du Bois Correct Answer: W. E. B. Du Bois • Question 21 1 out of 1 points The term ____________ refers to humans who have some combination of female and male genitalia? Selected Answer: intersexual people Correct Answer: intersexual people • Question 22 1 out of 1 points Durkheim's concept of organic solidarity corresponds to Tönnies's concept of Selected Answer: Gesellschaft. Correct Answer: Gesellschaft. • Question 23 1 out of 1 points Which of the following statements comes closest to describing Erik H. Erikson's view of socialization? Selected Answer: Personality develops over the entire life course in patterned stages. Correct Answer: Personality develops over the entire life course in patterned stages. • Question 24 1 out of 1 points Criminal statistics gathered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation reflect Selected Answer: only offenses known to the police. Correct Answer: only offenses known to the police. • Question 25 1 out of 1 points Critics claim that modernization theory Selected Answer: ignores how rich nations can block the economic development of poor nations. Correct Answer: ignores how rich nations can block the economic development of poor nations. • Question 26 1 out of 1 points When people model themselves after the members of peer groups they would like to join, they are engaging in Selected Answer: anticipatory socialization. Correct Answer: anticipatory socialization. • Question 27 1 out of 1 points The theoretical approach that highlights the link between culture and social inequality is the Selected Answer: social-conflict approach. Correct Answer: social-conflict approach. • Question 28 1 out of 1 points Paul Ekman claims that a major function of emotions is to Selected Answer: support group life by forging connections with others. Correct Answer: support group life by forging connections with others. • Question 29 1 out of 1 points Sociology differs from earlier philosophy by focusing on Selected Answer: how society actually operates. Correct Answer: how society actually operates. • Question 30 1 out of 1 points According to W. W. Rostow, nations begin at the _______ stage of development and may eventually reach the stage of ________. Selected Answer: traditional; high mass consumption Correct Answer: traditional; high mass consumption • Question 31 1 out of 1 points Patterns that describe many Latino families include Selected Answer: strong extended kinship. Correct Answer: strong extended kinship. • Question 32 1 out of 1 points Which of the following best describes a "well-told" joke? Selected Answer: There is a very sharp contrast between the conventional and unconventional definitions of a reality. Correct Answer: There is a very sharp contrast between the conventional and unconventional definitions of a reality. • Question 33 1 out of 1 points Research shows that growing up in a single-parent family Selected Answer: can disadvantage children. Correct Answer: can disadvantage children. • Question 34 0 out of 1 points The "Seeing Sociology in the News" article in Chapter 1 ("Sociology: Perspective, Theory, and Method") reports that in a bad economy, laid-off workers Selected Answer: are likely to experience marital conflict. Correct Answer: are flocking to community colleges. • Question 35 1 out of 1 points Conservative people supporting the welfare reform argued that the old (pre-1996) system Selected Answer: was creating welfare dependency. Correct Answer: was creating welfare dependency. • Question 36 1 out of 1 points The concept "endogamy" refers to marriage between Selected Answer: people of the same social category. Correct Answer: people of the same social category. • Question 37 1 out of 1 points Of all the people in the world who live in absolute poverty, __________ are women. Selected Answer: 70 percent Correct Answer: 70 percent • Question 38 1 out of 1 points Relative poverty Selected Answer: is found everywhere. Correct Answer: is found everywhere. • Question 39 1 out of 1 points Religion is best defined as a social institution involving Selected Answer: beliefs and practices concerning what is sacred. Correct Answer: beliefs and practices concerning what is sacred. • Question 40 1 out of 1 points The only Western, high-income nation that routinely executes offenders convicted of serious crimes is Selected Answer: the United States. Correct Answer: the United States. • Question 41 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is NOT a trait of religious fundamentalism? Selected Answer: accepting religious pluralism Correct Answer: accepting religious pluralism • Question 42 0 out of 1 points A __________ typically forms as a group of people break away from some established religious organization. Selected Answer: cult Correct Answer: sect • Question 43 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about social change. Which statement is NOT correct? Selected Answer: All social changes is intentional. Correct Answer: All social changes is intentional. • Question 44 1 out of 1 points Peter Berger described using the sociological perspective as seeing the __________ in the __________. Selected Answer: general; particular Correct Answer: general; particular • Question 45 0 out of 1 points The language spoken as a main or second language in more nations of the world than any other is Selected Answer: Spanish. Correct Answer: English. • Question 46 1 out of 1 points The basic idea behind labeling theory is that Selected Answer: deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do. Correct Answer: deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do. • Question 47 1 out of 1 points Which of the following concepts refers to cultural heritage? Selected Answer: ethnicity Correct Answer: ethnicity • Question 48 0 out of 1 points In general, industrialization tends to change the dominant family form from Selected Answer: nuclear families to extended families. Correct Answer: extended families to nuclear families. • Question 49 1 out of 1 points Which of the four statements below is NOT found within the American Sociological Association's guidelines for ethical research? Selected Answer: Researchers must always perform their research several times in order to ensure its accuracy. Correct Answer: Researchers must always perform their research several times in order to ensure its accuracy. • Question 50 1 out of 1 points The concept of relative deprivation is based on the idea that Selected Answer: people evaluate themselves by making specific comparisons. Correct Answer: people evaluate themselves by making specific comparisons. • Question 51 1 out of 1 points The "Seeing Sociology in the News" article in Chapter 2 ("Culture") explains that soldiers training to serve in Afghanistan need to learn Selected Answer: about the culture of that nation in order to win the support of the Afghan people. Correct Answer: about the culture of that nation in order to win the support of the Afghan people. • Question 52 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about immigrant workers in the United States. Which statement is CORRECT? Selected Answer: In general, immigrants do the jobs that no one else wants. Correct Answer: In general, immigrants do the jobs that no one else wants. • Question 53 0 out of 1 points If we are speaking about the "social construction of sexuality," we are probably using Selected Answer: the social-conflict approach. Correct Answer: the symbolic-interaction approach. • Question 54 1 out of 1 points Travis Hirschi's control theory suggests which of the following categories of people would be most likely to engage in deviance? Selected Answer: youngsters who "hang out" on the corner waiting for something to happen Correct Answer: youngsters who "hang out" on the corner waiting for something to happen • Question 55 0 out of 1 points Critics of Erik H. Erikson's theory of personality point out that Selected Answer: not everyone confronts stages in the exact order given be Erikson. Correct Answer: All of the above are correct. • Question 56 1 out of 1 points Theodore Sizer claims that rigid bureaucracy harms schooling. Which of the following statements is NOT one of the arguments made by Sizer? Selected Answer: Rigid bureaucracy encourages students to learn more on their own. Correct Answer: Rigid bureaucracy encourages students to learn more on their own. • Question 57 1 out of 1 points Karl Marx understood the onset of modernity in terms of Selected Answer: the rise of the capitalist economic system. Correct Answer: the rise of the capitalist economic system. • Question 58 1 out of 1 points If you were to attend a New York City Ballet performance, you would experiencing Selected Answer: high culture. Correct Answer: high culture. • Question 59 1 out of 1 points Herbert Spencer described human society as having much in common with Selected Answer: the human body. Correct Answer: the human body. • Question 60 1 out of 1 points Political economy theory claims that social movements arise in capitalist societies Selected Answer: because the capitalist economic system fails to meet the needs of the majority. Correct Answer: because the capitalist economic system fails to meet the needs of the majority. • Question 61 1 out of 1 points According to George Herbert Mead, children learn to "take the role of the other" as they model themselves on important people in their lives, such as parents. Mead referred to these important people as Selected Answer: significant others. Correct Answer: significant others. • Question 62 1 out of 1 points In poor countries, the disadvantages women face relative to men are Selected Answer: greater than in rich nations. Correct Answer: greater than in rich nations. • Question 63 1 out of 1 points In her study of the African American elite, Lois Benjamin made use of Selected Answer: interviews. Correct Answer: interviews. • Question 64 1 out of 1 points Looking ahead twenty years in the United States, the one thing we can be sure of is that Selected Answer: family life will be diverse. Correct Answer: family life will be diverse. • Question 65 1 out of 1 points Olga works as a regional manager for a small corporation. Which of the following categories correctly describes her work? Selected Answer: white-collar work Correct Answer: white-collar work • Question 66 1 out of 1 points Harley Davidson motorcycle riders, computer nerds, and jazz musicians all display ________ patterns. Selected Answer: subcultural Correct Answer: subcultural • Question 67 1 out of 1 points In which region of the United States is the problem of obesity most widespread? Selected Answer: the Southeast Correct Answer: the Southeast • Question 68 0 out of 1 points Studies of children raised in isolation, show that Selected Answer: humans have most of the same instincts found in other animal species. Correct Answer: without social experience, a child is incapable of thought or meaningful action. • Question 69 1 out of 1 points Which of the following concepts reflects the changing of jobs within the same class level? Selected Answer: horizontal social mobility Correct Answer: horizontal social mobility • Question 70 0 out of 1 points Attitudes and practices involving human sexuality Selected Answer: have changed little in the United States over the past 50 years. Correct Answer: vary considerably, both from one society to another and over time. • Question 71 1 out of 1 points The structural-functional approach helps us to Selected Answer: understand "what makes society tick." Correct Answer: understand "what makes society tick." • Question 72 1 out of 1 points Which of the following statements represent an emerging value in our society? Selected Answer: Work is important, but I want more time for leisure and personal growth. Correct Answer: Work is important, but I want more time for leisure and personal growth. • Question 73 1 out of 1 points __________ refers to the fusion of Christian principles with political activism, often Marxist in character Selected Answer: Liberation theology Correct Answer: Liberation theology • Question 74 1 out of 1 points The rise of scientific medicine in the United States began about when? Selected Answer: 1847, with the founding of the American Medical Association Correct Answer: 1847, with the founding of the American Medical Association • Question 75 0 out of 1 points The death penalty Selected Answer: is legal in all of the fifty states. Correct Answer: is legal in most states, but is actually carried out only in a few states. • Question 76 1 out of 1 points A survey is a research method in which subjects respond to a series of items or questions. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 77 1 out of 1 points The English philosopher Thomas Hobbes believed that society reflected the failings of human selfishness. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 78 0 out of 1 points George Herbert Mead described how our impressions of other people form the basis of a "looking glass self." Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: False • Question 79 1 out of 1 points People who formally leave a role (such as an ex-convict) often find that their earlier identity stays with them. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 80 0 out of 1 points People of all races and class positions have had the same opportunities to participate in sports. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: False • Question 81 1 out of 1 points Culture theory would argue that a photograph, song, or some other symbol often serves as the rallying point for forming a social movement. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 82 1 out of 1 points In the United States, it is correct to say that social position is simply a reflection of a person's talents and abilities. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 83 1 out of 1 points People in all cultures respond to intersexual people with confusion or even disgust. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 84 1 out of 1 points Prenuptial agreements are a sensible way to prepare for eventual separation, divorce, or death of a spouse. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 85 0 out of 1 points Research indicates that a majority of U.S. married males report having been sexually faithful to their wives during their marriage. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: True • Question 86 1 out of 1 points The sociological perspective reveals that personal decisions such as whom we marry are shaped to a large degree by our social environment. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 87 0 out of 1 points Talcott Parsons claimed that, to qualify for the sick role, a person must want to become healthy. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: True • Question 88 1 out of 1 points There was no distinct category of "homosexual" until about a century ago. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 89 1 out of 1 points In the former Soviet Union classes emerged based on the type of jobs people held. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 90 1 out of 1 points Emile Durkheim's analysis suggests it would be impossible for a society to completely eliminate deviance. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 91 1 out of 1 points Revolutionary changes in European societies sparked the development of sociology. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 92 1 out of 1 points "Due process" means handling alleged offenders within the bounds of the law. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 93 1 out of 1 points In the United States, infant mortality rates among low-income children are now about the same as rates for the children of the wealthy. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 94 1 out of 1 points Multiculturalism is oppositional to Eurocentrism, the dominance of European cultural patterns. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 95 1 out of 1 points Validity refers to actually measuring exactly what one intends to measure. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 96 1 out of 1 points Emotions have both a biological and cultural foundation. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 97 1 out of 1 points Karl Marx was a major architect of mass-society theory. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 98 1 out of 1 points In general, low-income countries are more likely to take on the form of gerontocracy with the oldest people having the most wealth and power. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 99 1 out of 1 points To identify cause-and-effect relationships, it is usually necessary to exercise experimental control of variables. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 100 1 out of 1 points Changing health standards are evident in the fact that fifty years ago, people in the United States bathed more frequently, on average, than they do today. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False Monday, November 14, 2016 9:03:23 AM CST

• Question 1 1 out of 1 points By "taking the role of the other," Mead had in mind Selected Answer: imagining a situation from another person's point of view. Correct Answer: imagining a situation from another person's point of view. • Question 2 0 out of 1 points The problem of functional illiteracy refers to the fact that Selected Answer: a significant share of U.S. children never attend school. Correct Answer: young people leave school without having learned basic skills. • Question 3 1 out of 1 points The social standing of women and men in hunting and gathering societies is Selected Answer: fairly equal, with men and women making vital contributions to survival. Correct Answer: fairly equal, with men and women making vital contributions to survival. • Question 4 0 out of 1 points David Riesman described "other-directed" social character as Selected Answer: rigid conformity to traditional ways of life. Correct Answer: conformity to the latest fashions and fads. • Question 5 1 out of 1 points "Personal space" refers to Selected Answer: the surrounding area in which an individual makes some claim to privacy. Correct Answer: the surrounding area in which an individual makes some claim to privacy. • Question 6 1 out of 1 points The rate of small business ownership is high among Asian Americans. This pattern reflects Selected Answer: cultural values including achievement and self-reliance. Correct Answer: cultural values including achievement and self-reliance. • Question 7 1 out of 1 points In the United States today Selected Answer: there is a shortage of teachers. Correct Answer: there is a shortage of teachers. • Question 8 1 out of 1 points The basic reason that schooling is limited in India is Selected Answer: although India is now a middle-income country, many families need children to work for income. Correct Answer: although India is now a middle-income country, many families need children to work for income. • Question 9 0 out of 1 points The United States has now entered the __________ technological era. Selected Answer: industrial Correct Answer: postindustrial • Question 10 1 out of 1 points A general lesson we learn from sociological research about education is that Selected Answer: good education depends not only on schools but on the state of families and local communities. Correct Answer: good education depends not only on schools but on the state of families and local communities. • Question 11 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about race. Which statement is CORRECT? Selected Answer: Many sociologists claim that the concept of "race" is misleading and even harmful. Correct Answer: Many sociologists claim that the concept of "race" is misleading and even harmful. • Question 12 1 out of 1 points The concept "ethnocentrism" refers to Selected Answer: judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture. Correct Answer: judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture. • Question 13 1 out of 1 points Thomas Hobbes's idea that society reflects a selfish human nature illustrates the thinking common to Comte's __________ of societal development. Selected Answer: metaphysical stage Correct Answer: metaphysical stage • Question 14 1 out of 1 points A college professor who has advanced degrees, moderate salary, and little power can be described as having Selected Answer: low status consistency. Correct Answer: low status consistency. • Question 15 0 out of 1 points Read the following statements about minorities. Which statement is NOT correct? Selected Answer: Usually, people can readily identify a member of a minority. Correct Answer: All people in a minority category are socially disadvantaged. • Question 16 1 out of 1 points In 2008, ______ people were counted by the government as having income below the official poverty line? Selected Answer: 39.8 million Correct Answer: 39.8 million • Question 17 1 out of 1 points Herbert Marcuse challenged Max Weber by claiming that modern societies are not rational because Selected Answer: they do not meet the needs of so many people. Correct Answer: they do not meet the needs of so many people. • Question 18 1 out of 1 points While being in the upper-upper class is usually the result of __________, being in the lower-upper class is more often a matter of __________. Selected Answer: birth; achievement Correct Answer: birth; achievement • Question 19 1 out of 1 points What share of the richest people in the United States gained their fortunes mostly from inheritance? Selected Answer: more than one-third Correct Answer: more than one-third • Question 20 1 out of 1 points Which early U.S. sociologist earned the first doctorate ever awarded by Harvard University to a person of color? Selected Answer: W. E. B. Du Bois Correct Answer: W. E. B. Du Bois • Question 21 1 out of 1 points The term ____________ refers to humans who have some combination of female and male genitalia? Selected Answer: intersexual people Correct Answer: intersexual people • Question 22 1 out of 1 points Durkheim's concept of organic solidarity corresponds to Tönnies's concept of Selected Answer: Gesellschaft. Correct Answer: Gesellschaft. • Question 23 1 out of 1 points Which of the following statements comes closest to describing Erik H. Erikson's view of socialization? Selected Answer: Personality develops over the entire life course in patterned stages. Correct Answer: Personality develops over the entire life course in patterned stages. • Question 24 1 out of 1 points Criminal statistics gathered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation reflect Selected Answer: only offenses known to the police. Correct Answer: only offenses known to the police. • Question 25 1 out of 1 points Critics claim that modernization theory Selected Answer: ignores how rich nations can block the economic development of poor nations. Correct Answer: ignores how rich nations can block the economic development of poor nations. • Question 26 1 out of 1 points When people model themselves after the members of peer groups they would like to join, they are engaging in Selected Answer: anticipatory socialization. Correct Answer: anticipatory socialization. • Question 27 1 out of 1 points The theoretical approach that highlights the link between culture and social inequality is the Selected Answer: social-conflict approach. Correct Answer: social-conflict approach. • Question 28 1 out of 1 points Paul Ekman claims that a major function of emotions is to Selected Answer: support group life by forging connections with others. Correct Answer: support group life by forging connections with others. • Question 29 1 out of 1 points Sociology differs from earlier philosophy by focusing on Selected Answer: how society actually operates. Correct Answer: how society actually operates. • Question 30 1 out of 1 points According to W. W. Rostow, nations begin at the _______ stage of development and may eventually reach the stage of ________. Selected Answer: traditional; high mass consumption Correct Answer: traditional; high mass consumption • Question 31 1 out of 1 points Patterns that describe many Latino families include Selected Answer: strong extended kinship. Correct Answer: strong extended kinship. • Question 32 1 out of 1 points Which of the following best describes a "well-told" joke? Selected Answer: There is a very sharp contrast between the conventional and unconventional definitions of a reality. Correct Answer: There is a very sharp contrast between the conventional and unconventional definitions of a reality. • Question 33 1 out of 1 points Research shows that growing up in a single-parent family Selected Answer: can disadvantage children. Correct Answer: can disadvantage children. • Question 34 0 out of 1 points The "Seeing Sociology in the News" article in Chapter 1 ("Sociology: Perspective, Theory, and Method") reports that in a bad economy, laid-off workers Selected Answer: are likely to experience marital conflict. Correct Answer: are flocking to community colleges. • Question 35 1 out of 1 points Conservative people supporting the welfare reform argued that the old (pre-1996) system Selected Answer: was creating welfare dependency. Correct Answer: was creating welfare dependency. • Question 36 1 out of 1 points The concept "endogamy" refers to marriage between Selected Answer: people of the same social category. Correct Answer: people of the same social category. • Question 37 1 out of 1 points Of all the people in the world who live in absolute poverty, __________ are women. Selected Answer: 70 percent Correct Answer: 70 percent • Question 38 1 out of 1 points Relative poverty Selected Answer: is found everywhere. Correct Answer: is found everywhere. • Question 39 1 out of 1 points Religion is best defined as a social institution involving Selected Answer: beliefs and practices concerning what is sacred. Correct Answer: beliefs and practices concerning what is sacred. • Question 40 1 out of 1 points The only Western, high-income nation that routinely executes offenders convicted of serious crimes is Selected Answer: the United States. Correct Answer: the United States. • Question 41 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is NOT a trait of religious fundamentalism? Selected Answer: accepting religious pluralism Correct Answer: accepting religious pluralism • Question 42 0 out of 1 points A __________ typically forms as a group of people break away from some established religious organization. Selected Answer: cult Correct Answer: sect • Question 43 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about social change. Which statement is NOT correct? Selected Answer: All social changes is intentional. Correct Answer: All social changes is intentional. • Question 44 1 out of 1 points Peter Berger described using the sociological perspective as seeing the __________ in the __________. Selected Answer: general; particular Correct Answer: general; particular • Question 45 0 out of 1 points The language spoken as a main or second language in more nations of the world than any other is Selected Answer: Spanish. Correct Answer: English. • Question 46 1 out of 1 points The basic idea behind labeling theory is that Selected Answer: deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do. Correct Answer: deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do. • Question 47 1 out of 1 points Which of the following concepts refers to cultural heritage? Selected Answer: ethnicity Correct Answer: ethnicity • Question 48 0 out of 1 points In general, industrialization tends to change the dominant family form from Selected Answer: nuclear families to extended families. Correct Answer: extended families to nuclear families. • Question 49 1 out of 1 points Which of the four statements below is NOT found within the American Sociological Association's guidelines for ethical research? Selected Answer: Researchers must always perform their research several times in order to ensure its accuracy. Correct Answer: Researchers must always perform their research several times in order to ensure its accuracy. • Question 50 1 out of 1 points The concept of relative deprivation is based on the idea that Selected Answer: people evaluate themselves by making specific comparisons. Correct Answer: people evaluate themselves by making specific comparisons. • Question 51 1 out of 1 points The "Seeing Sociology in the News" article in Chapter 2 ("Culture") explains that soldiers training to serve in Afghanistan need to learn Selected Answer: about the culture of that nation in order to win the support of the Afghan people. Correct Answer: about the culture of that nation in order to win the support of the Afghan people. • Question 52 1 out of 1 points Read the following statements about immigrant workers in the United States. Which statement is CORRECT? Selected Answer: In general, immigrants do the jobs that no one else wants. Correct Answer: In general, immigrants do the jobs that no one else wants. • Question 53 0 out of 1 points If we are speaking about the "social construction of sexuality," we are probably using Selected Answer: the social-conflict approach. Correct Answer: the symbolic-interaction approach. • Question 54 1 out of 1 points Travis Hirschi's control theory suggests which of the following categories of people would be most likely to engage in deviance? Selected Answer: youngsters who "hang out" on the corner waiting for something to happen Correct Answer: youngsters who "hang out" on the corner waiting for something to happen • Question 55 0 out of 1 points Critics of Erik H. Erikson's theory of personality point out that Selected Answer: not everyone confronts stages in the exact order given be Erikson. Correct Answer: All of the above are correct. • Question 56 1 out of 1 points Theodore Sizer claims that rigid bureaucracy harms schooling. Which of the following statements is NOT one of the arguments made by Sizer? Selected Answer: Rigid bureaucracy encourages students to learn more on their own. Correct Answer: Rigid bureaucracy encourages students to learn more on their own. • Question 57 1 out of 1 points Karl Marx understood the onset of modernity in terms of Selected Answer: the rise of the capitalist economic system. Correct Answer: the rise of the capitalist economic system. • Question 58 1 out of 1 points If you were to attend a New York City Ballet performance, you would experiencing Selected Answer: high culture. Correct Answer: high culture. • Question 59 1 out of 1 points Herbert Spencer described human society as having much in common with Selected Answer: the human body. Correct Answer: the human body. • Question 60 1 out of 1 points Political economy theory claims that social movements arise in capitalist societies Selected Answer: because the capitalist economic system fails to meet the needs of the majority. Correct Answer: because the capitalist economic system fails to meet the needs of the majority. • Question 61 1 out of 1 points According to George Herbert Mead, children learn to "take the role of the other" as they model themselves on important people in their lives, such as parents. Mead referred to these important people as Selected Answer: significant others. Correct Answer: significant others. • Question 62 1 out of 1 points In poor countries, the disadvantages women face relative to men are Selected Answer: greater than in rich nations. Correct Answer: greater than in rich nations. • Question 63 1 out of 1 points In her study of the African American elite, Lois Benjamin made use of Selected Answer: interviews. Correct Answer: interviews. • Question 64 1 out of 1 points Looking ahead twenty years in the United States, the one thing we can be sure of is that Selected Answer: family life will be diverse. Correct Answer: family life will be diverse. • Question 65 1 out of 1 points Olga works as a regional manager for a small corporation. Which of the following categories correctly describes her work? Selected Answer: white-collar work Correct Answer: white-collar work • Question 66 1 out of 1 points Harley Davidson motorcycle riders, computer nerds, and jazz musicians all display ________ patterns. Selected Answer: subcultural Correct Answer: subcultural • Question 67 1 out of 1 points In which region of the United States is the problem of obesity most widespread? Selected Answer: the Southeast Correct Answer: the Southeast • Question 68 0 out of 1 points Studies of children raised in isolation, show that Selected Answer: humans have most of the same instincts found in other animal species. Correct Answer: without social experience, a child is incapable of thought or meaningful action. • Question 69 1 out of 1 points Which of the following concepts reflects the changing of jobs within the same class level? Selected Answer: horizontal social mobility Correct Answer: horizontal social mobility • Question 70 0 out of 1 points Attitudes and practices involving human sexuality Selected Answer: have changed little in the United States over the past 50 years. Correct Answer: vary considerably, both from one society to another and over time. • Question 71 1 out of 1 points The structural-functional approach helps us to Selected Answer: understand "what makes society tick." Correct Answer: understand "what makes society tick." • Question 72 1 out of 1 points Which of the following statements represent an emerging value in our society? Selected Answer: Work is important, but I want more time for leisure and personal growth. Correct Answer: Work is important, but I want more time for leisure and personal growth. • Question 73 1 out of 1 points __________ refers to the fusion of Christian principles with political activism, often Marxist in character Selected Answer: Liberation theology Correct Answer: Liberation theology • Question 74 1 out of 1 points The rise of scientific medicine in the United States began about when? Selected Answer: 1847, with the founding of the American Medical Association Correct Answer: 1847, with the founding of the American Medical Association • Question 75 0 out of 1 points The death penalty Selected Answer: is legal in all of the fifty states. Correct Answer: is legal in most states, but is actually carried out only in a few states. • Question 76 1 out of 1 points A survey is a research method in which subjects respond to a series of items or questions. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 77 1 out of 1 points The English philosopher Thomas Hobbes believed that society reflected the failings of human selfishness. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 78 0 out of 1 points George Herbert Mead described how our impressions of other people form the basis of a "looking glass self." Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: False • Question 79 1 out of 1 points People who formally leave a role (such as an ex-convict) often find that their earlier identity stays with them. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 80 0 out of 1 points People of all races and class positions have had the same opportunities to participate in sports. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: False • Question 81 1 out of 1 points Culture theory would argue that a photograph, song, or some other symbol often serves as the rallying point for forming a social movement. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 82 1 out of 1 points In the United States, it is correct to say that social position is simply a reflection of a person's talents and abilities. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 83 1 out of 1 points People in all cultures respond to intersexual people with confusion or even disgust. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 84 1 out of 1 points Prenuptial agreements are a sensible way to prepare for eventual separation, divorce, or death of a spouse. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 85 0 out of 1 points Research indicates that a majority of U.S. married males report having been sexually faithful to their wives during their marriage. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: True • Question 86 1 out of 1 points The sociological perspective reveals that personal decisions such as whom we marry are shaped to a large degree by our social environment. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 87 0 out of 1 points Talcott Parsons claimed that, to qualify for the sick role, a person must want to become healthy. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: True • Question 88 1 out of 1 points There was no distinct category of "homosexual" until about a century ago. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 89 1 out of 1 points In the former Soviet Union classes emerged based on the type of jobs people held. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 90 1 out of 1 points Emile Durkheim's analysis suggests it would be impossible for a society to completely eliminate deviance. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 91 1 out of 1 points Revolutionary changes in European societies sparked the development of sociology. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 92 1 out of 1 points "Due process" means handling alleged offenders within the bounds of the law. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 93 1 out of 1 points In the United States, infant mortality rates among low-income children are now about the same as rates for the children of the wealthy. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 94 1 out of 1 points Multiculturalism is oppositional to Eurocentrism, the dominance of European cultural patterns. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 95 1 out of 1 points Validity refers to actually measuring exactly what one intends to measure. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 96 1 out of 1 points Emotions have both a biological and cultural foundation. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 97 1 out of 1 points Karl Marx was a major architect of mass-society theory. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False • Question 98 1 out of 1 points In general, low-income countries are more likely to take on the form of gerontocracy with the oldest people having the most wealth and power. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 99 1 out of 1 points To identify cause-and-effect relationships, it is usually necessary to exercise experimental control of variables. Selected Answer: True Correct Answer: True • Question 100 1 out of 1 points Changing health standards are evident in the fact that fifty years ago, people in the United States bathed more frequently, on average, than they do today. Selected Answer: False Correct Answer: False Monday, November 14, 2016 9:03:23 AM CST