Sociology Questions

11. Functionalist theory sees education as serving the needs of _________. a. families b. society c. the individual d. all of the above

d

6. Which of the following is not a manifest function of education? a. Cultural innovation b. Courtship c. Social placement d. Socialization

b

1. What are the major factors that affect education systems throughout the world? a. Resources and money b. Student interest c. Teacher interest d. Transportation

a

1. Which of the following organizations is not an example of a social movement? a. National Football League b. Tea Party c. Greenpeace d. NAACP

a

14. Conflict theorists see sorting as a way to ________. a. challenge gifted students b. perpetuate divisions of socioeconomic status c. help students who need additional support d. teach respect for authority

b

18. Key predictors for student success include ____________. a. how many school-age siblings the student has b. socioeconomic status and family background c. the age of the student when she or he enters kindergarten d. how many students attend the school

b

2. What do nations that are top-ranked in science and math have in common? a. They are all in Asia. b. They recruit top teachers. c. They spend more money per student. d. They use cutting-edge technology in classrooms.

b

3. Which of the following is an example of collective behavior? a. A soldier questioning orders b. A group of people interested in hearing an author speak c. A class going on a field trip d. Going shopping with a friend

b

6. A boy throwing rocks during a demonstration might be an example of ___________. a. structural conduciveness b. structural strain c. precipitating factors d. mobilization for action

c

7. If we divide social movements according to their positions among all social movements in a society, we are using the __________ theory to understand social movements. a. framing b. new social movement c. resource mobilization d. value-added

c

9. Social movements are: a. disruptive and chaotic challenges to the government b. ineffective mass movements c. the collective action of individuals working together in an attempt to establish new norms beliefs, or values d. the singular activities of a collection of groups working to challenge the status quo

c

In what part of the world have Confucianism and Taoism been primarily practiced? a. India b. Europe c. China d. The Middle East

c

Many stories in the sacred text of Judaism are: a. referred to as the Apocrypha b. oral traditions only because Judaism has no sacred text c. shared by Christianity and Islam d. no longer part of the Torah

c

In what ways does religion serve the role of a social institution? a. Religions have a complex and integrated set of norms. b. Religious practices and beliefs are related to societal values. c. Religions often meet several basic needs. d. All of the above

d

Megachurches tend to have: a. a variety of male and female clergy b. numerous buildings in which to meet c. high attendance for only a limited time d. large arenas where services are held

d

What are some denominations of the Christian Protestant church? a. Catholic and Jewish b. Jehovah's Witnesses and Presbyterians c. Scientology and Hare Krishna d. Methodist and Seventh-day Adventist

d

3. Informal education _________________. a. describes when students teach their peers b. refers to the learning of cultural norms c. only takes place at home d. relies on a planned instructional process

b

A cultural universal is something that: a. addresses all aspects of a group's behavior b. is found in all cultures c. is based on social norms d. may or may not be of value in meeting social needs

b

Social scientists refer to the use of a church to combat social injustice in the political realm as: a. the protestant work ethic b. conflict management c. liberation theology d. justice work

c

Which socialist perspective most emphasizes the ways in which religion helps to maintain social inequalities within a society? a. Functional b. Symbolic interactionist c. Conflict theory d. Feminist perspective

c

10. What term describes the assignment of students to specific education programs and classes on the basis of test scores, previous grades, or perceived ability? a. Hidden curriculum b. Labeling c. Self-fulfilling prophecy d. Tracking

d

10. When the League of Women Voters successfully achieved its goal of women being allowed to vote, they had to undergo frame __________, a means of completely changing their goals to ensure continuing relevance. a. extension b. amplification c. bridging d. transformation

d

12. Rewarding students for meeting deadlines and respecting authority figures is an example of ________. a. a latent function b. a manifest function c. informal education d. transmission of moral education

d

15. Conflict theorists see IQ tests as being biased. Why? a. They are scored in a way that is subject to human error. b. They do not give children with learning disabilities a fair chance to demonstrate their true intelligence. c. They don't involve enough test items to cover multiple intelligences. d. They reward affluent students with questions that assume knowledge associated with upper-class culture.

d

15. Core nations that work to propel peripheral nations toward modernization need to be aware of: a. preserving peripheral nation cultural identity b. preparing for pitfalls that come with modernization c. avoiding hegemonistic assumptions about modernization d. all of the above

d

4. The protesters at the Egypt uprising rally were: a. a casual crowd b. a conventional crowd c. a mass d. an acting crowd

d

9. Which theory of education focuses on the labels acquired through the educational process? a. Conflict theory b. Feminist theory c. Functionalist theory d. Symbolic interactionism

d

11. If a movement claims that the best way to reverse climate change is to reduce carbon emissions by outlawing privately owned cars, "outlawing cars" is the ________. a. prognostic framing b. diagnostic framing c. motivational framing d. frame transformation

a

12. Children in peripheral nations have little to no daily access to computers and the Internet, while children in core nations are constantly exposed to this technology. This is an example of: a. the digital divide b. human ecology c. modernization theory d. dependency theory

a

13. When sociologists think about technology as an agent of social change, which of the following is not an example? a. Population growth b. Medical advances c. The Internet d. Genetically engineered food

a

16. In addition to social movements, social change is also caused by technology, social institutions, population and ______. a. the environment b. modernization c. social structure d. new social movements

a

16. Plessy v. Ferguson set the precedent that _____________. a. racial segregation in schools was allowed b. separate schools for black and white students were unconstitutional c. students do not have a right to free speech in public schools d. students have a right to free speech in public schools

a

4. Learning from classmates that most students buy lunch on Fridays is an example of ________. a. cultural transmission b. educational access c. formal education d. informal education

a

5. The 1972 case Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia set a precedent for __________. a. access to education b. average spending on students c. desegregation of schools d. teacher salary

a

8. Which theory of education focuses on the ways in which education maintains the status quo? a. Conflict theory b. Feminist theory c. Functionalist theory d. Symbolic interactionism

a

8. While PETA is a social movement organization, taken together, the animal rights social movement organizations PETA, ALF, and Greenpeace are a __________. a. social movement industry b. social movement sector c. social movement party d. social industry

a

Some controversial groups that may be mislabeled as cults include: a. Scientology and the Hare Krishna b. the Peoples Temple and Heaven's Gate c. the Branch Davidians and the Manson Family d. Quakers and Pentecostals

a

Which of the following do the functionalist and conflict perspectives share? a. Position that religion relates to social control, enforcing social norms b. Emphasis on religion as providing social support c. Belief that religion helps explain the mysteries of life d. None of the above

a

Which perspective most emphasizes the ways in which religion helps keep the social system running smoothly? a. Functional perspective b. Symbolic interactionist perspective c. Conflict perspective d. Feminist perspective

a

A sect: a. has generally grown so large that it needs new buildings and multiple leaders b. often believes it must split from the larger group to return to important fundamentals c. is another term for a cult d. All of the above

b

The Protestant work ethic was viewed in terms of its relationship to: a. evolution and natural selection b. capitalism c. determinism d. prejudice and discrimination

b

Which of the main theoretical perspectives would approach religion from the micro-level, studying how religion impacts an individual's sense of support and well-being? a. Functionalism b. Symbolic interactionism c. Conflict theory d. Feminism

b

13. What term describes the separation of students based on merit? a. Cultural transmission b. Social control c. Sorting d. Hidden curriculum

c

14. China is undergoing a shift in industry, increasing labor specialization and the amount of differentiation present in the social structure. This exemplifies: a. human ecology b. dependency theory c. modernization d. conflict perspective

c

17. Public schools must guarantee that ___________. a. all students graduate from high school b. all students receive an equal education c. per-student spending is equitable d. the amount spent on each student is equal to that spent regionally

c

19. Allowing a student to move to the next grade regardless of whether or not they have met the requirements for that grade is called ____________. a. affirmative action b. social control c. social promotion d. socialization

c

2. Sociologists using conflict perspective might study what? a. How social movements develop b. What social purposes a movement serves c. What motivates inequitably treated people to join a movement d. What individuals hope to gain from taking part in a social movement

c

5. According to emergent-norm theory, crowds are: a. irrational and impulsive b. often misinterpreted and misdirected c. able to develop their own definition of the situation d. prone to criminal behavior

c

7. Because she plans on achieving success in marketing, Tammie is taking courses on managing social media. This is an example of ________. a. cultural innovation b. social control c. social placement d. socialization

c

The main difference between an ecclesia and a denomination is: a. the number of followers or believers is much larger for denominations b. the geographical location varies for ecclesia versus denominations c. ecclesia are state-sponsored and considered an official religion d. there are no important differences; the terms are interchangeable

c

What do Christianity and Islam have in common? a. Both believe in a single supreme god. b. Both share many of the same stories in their central religious texts. c. Both believe in an afterlife. d. All of the above

d