Sociology Test 3

Same-sex couple households account for _____ percent of US households. a. 1 b. 10 c. 15 d. 30

a. 1

Which federal act or program was designed to allow more hispanic american immigration, not block it? a. The Bracero Program b. immigration reform and control act c. operation wetback d. SB 1070

a. The Bracero Program

According to the study cited by the US Census Bureau, children who live with married parents grow up with more advantages than children who live with: a. divorced parents b. a single parent c. a grandparent d. all of the above

a. a single parent

An older woman retires and completely changes her life. She is no longer raising children or working. However, she joins the YMCA to swim every day. She serves on the Friends of the Library board. She is part of a neighborhood group that plays Bunco on Saturday nights. Her situation most closely illustrates the _____________ theory. a. activity b. continuity c. disengagement d. gerotranscendence

a. activity

A couple gave their son and daughter the last name of the father. The mother has taken the last name of her mother. Based on descent, what type of society does the couple belong to? a. ambilineal b. bilateral c. patrilocal d. patrilineal

a. ambilineal

Compared to most Western societies, US sexual attitudes are considered _________________. a. conservative b. liberal c. permissive d. free

a. conservative

In the United States, life expectancy rates in recent decades have _______________. a. continued to gradually rise b. gone up and down due to global issues such as military conflicts d. stayed the same since the mid-1960s

a. continued to gradually rise

A local marriage counselor would like to establish a practice that helps couples learn to cope with stress when they are at highest risk of marital problems and divorce. Which group should the counselor target? a. expecting parents b. older adults c. newlywed college graduates d. couples purchasing first home

a. expecting parents

Which theoretical perspective stresses the importance of regualting sexual behavior to ensure marital cohesion and family stability? a. functionalism b. conflict theory c. symbolic interactionalism c. queer theory

a. functionalism

The term _______ refers to society's concept of how men and women are expected to act and how they should behave. a. gender role b. gender bias c. sexual orientation d. sexual attitudes

a. gender roles

Sociologists tend to define family in terms of a. how a given society sanctions the relationships of people who are connected through blood, marriage, or adoption b. the connection of bloodlines c. the status roles that exist in a family structure d. how closely members adhere to social norms

a. how a given society sanctions the relationships of people who are connected through blood, marriage, or adoption

What is the primary driver of modernization theory? a. industrialization b. aging c. conflict d. interactions

a. industrialization

Amalgamation is represented by the _________ metaphor. a. melting pot b. Statue of Liberty c. salad bowl d. sparate but equal

a. melting pot

Children of divorced parents are ________ to divorce in their own marriage than children of parents who stayed married. a. more likely b. less likely c. equally likely

a. more likely

In Erik Erikson's developmental stages of life, with which challenge must older people struggle? a. overcoming despair to achieve integrity b. overcoming role confusion to achieve indentity c. overcoing isolation to acheive intimacy d. overcoming shame to achieve autonomy

a. overcoming despair to achieve integrity

The "graying of the United States" refers to _________. a. the increasing percentage of the population over sixty-five years old b. faster aging due to stress c. dissatisfaction with retirement plans d. increased health problems such as Alzheimer's

a. the increasing percentage of the population over sixty-five years old

The majority of US children live in: a. two-parent household b. one-parent household c. no-parent household d. muligenerational households

a. two-parent households

Social gerontologists now recognize the many differences among categories of "older" adults. For example, individuals who are in the early post-retirement years are known as: a. young-old b. middle-old c. old-old d. elderly

a. young-old

which subordinate group is often referred to as the "model minority"? a. African Americans b. Asian Americans c. White ethnic Americans d. Native Americans

b. Asian Americans

Which of the following is a criticism of the family life cycle model? a. It is too broad and accounts for too many aspects of family. b. It is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages. c. It does not serve a practical purpose for studying family behavior. d. It is not based on comprehensive research.

b. It is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages.

What western coutry is thought to be the most liberal in its attitudes toward sex? a. United States b. Sweden c. Mexico d. Ireland

b. Sweden

According to national surveys, most US parents support which type of sex education program in school? a. abstinence only b. abstinence plus sexual safety c. sexual safety without promoting abstinence d. no sex education

b. abstinence plus sexual safety

What is discrimination? a. Biased thoughts against an individual or group b. biased actions against an individual or group c. belief that a race different from yours in inferior d. another word for sterotyping

b. biased actions against an individual or group

If elderly people suffer abuse, it is most often perpetrated by _______________. a. spouses b. caregivers c. lawyers d. strangers

b. caregivers

Veterans are two to four times more likely to _______________ as people who did not serve in the military. a. be a victim of elder abuse b. commit suicide c. be concerned about financial stresses d. be abusive toward are providers

b. commit suicide

Factors that contribute to secondary aging are __________ as opposed to those that contribute to primary aging. a. artificial b. controllable c. external d. disastrous

b. controllable

Harry grew up in the suburbs of California and does not want to go to Pakistan because he thinks all Muslims are dangerous. This is an example of a. urbanism b. cultures of prejudice c. racial discrimination d. globalization

b. cultures of prejudice

Scapegoat theory shows that: a. subordinate groups blame dominant groups for their problems b. dominant groups blame subordinate groups for their problems c. some people are predisposed to prejudice d. all of the above

b. dominant groups blame subordinate groups for their problems

Only women are affected by gender stratification. a. true b. false

b. false

To which theoretical perspective does the follwoing statement most likely apply: Women continue to assume the responsibilty in the household along with a paid accupation becasue it keeps the household running smoothly, i.e. at a state of balance? a. conflict theory b. functionalism c. feminist theory d. symbolic interactionalism

b. functionalism

The term masculine and feminine refer to a person's _________. a. sex b. gender c. both sex and gender d. none of the above

b. gender

Research indicates that individuals are aware of their sexual orientation ___________. a. at infancy b. in early adolescence c. in early adulthood d. in late adulthood

b. in early adolecense

Today in the United States the poverty rate of the elderly is ____________________. a. lower than at any point in history b. increasing c. decreasing d. the same as that of the general population

b. increasing

Which of the following is a criticism of the family life cycle model? a. it is too broad and accounts for too many aspects of family b. it is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages c. it does not serve a practical purpose for studying family behavior d. it is not based on comprahensive research

b. it is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages

In most countries, elderly women _________ then elderly men. a. are mistreated less b. live a few years longer c. suffer fewer health problems d. deal with issues of aging better

b. live a few years longer

Which type of child abuse is most prevalent in the United States? a. physical abuse b. neglect c. shaken-baby syndrome d. verbal mistreatment

b. neglect

What intergroup relationship is represented by the "salad bowl" metaphor? a. assimilation b. pluralism c. amalgamation d. segregatoin

b. pluralism

A large number of South Asians live and work in the Arab countries. They usually work as construction workers or taxi drivers and other similar professions. They are not given citizenship of Arab countries and retain their own cultural preferences. This is an example of _________. a. pluralism b. segregation c. expulsion d. assimilation

b. segregation

Which action reflects ageism? a. enabling WWII veterans to visit war memorials b. speaking slowly and loudly when talking to someone over age 65 years old c. believing that older people drive too slowly d. living in a culture where elders are respected

b. speaking slowly and loudly when talking to someone over age 65 years old

Speedy Gonzalez is an example of: a. intersection theory b. sterotyping c. interactionist view d. culture of prejudice

b. sterotyping

A person who is biologically female but identifies with the male gender and has undergone surgery to alter her body is considered ______. a. transgender b. transsexual c. cross-dresser d. homosexual

b. transsexual

What is the approximate median age of the United States? a. 85 b. 65 c. 37 d. 18

c. 37

Who wrote the book On Death and Dying, outling the five stages of grief? a. Ignatz Nascher b. Erik Erikson c. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross c. Carol Gilligan

c. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross

Many Arab Americans face ________, especially after 9/11. a. racism b. segregation c. Islamophobia d. prejudice

c. Islamophobia

Research suggests that people generally feel that their current family is ________________ than the family they grew up with. a. less close b. more close c. at least as close d. none of the above

c. at least as close

The five stages of grief as developed by Dr. Elizabeth Kubler-Ross are denial, anger, ___________, depression and acceptance. a. praying b. communication c. bargaining d. distraction

c. bargaining

Which factor most increases the risk of an elderly person suffering from mistreatment? a. bereavement due to widowhood b. having been abusive as a younger adult c. being frail to the point of dependency on care d. the ability to bestow a large inheritance on survivors

c. being frail to the point of dependency on care

Thanatology is the study of ____________. a. life expectancy b. biological aging c. death and dying d. adulthood

c. death and dying

Mary did not hire Anna because she thought a man would be better at the job. This is an example of _______. a. favoritism b. cultural bias c. discrimination d. heteronormativity

c. discrimination

An older man retires from his jobs, stops golfing, and cancels his newspaper subscription. After his wife dies, he lives alone, loses touch with his children, and stops seeing old friends. His situation most closely illustrates the _______________ theory. a. activity b. continuity c. disengagement d. gerotranscendence

c. disengagement

Anna and Doug are lawyers with the same qualifications but Anna is paid less than Doug because of _________________ in the United States. a. low demand for female lawyers b. heterosexism c. gender stratification d. high supply of female lawyers

c. gender stratification

Which intergroup relation displays the least tolerance? a. segregation b. assimilation c. genocide d. expulsion

c. genocide

In general, children in _______ households benefit from divorce. a. stepfamily b. mulitgenerational c. high-conflict d. low-conflict

c. high-conflict

The median age of first marriage has _____________ in the last fifty years. a. increased for men but not women b. decreased for men but not women c. increased for both men and women d. decreased for both men and women

c. increased for both men and women

Which of the following is the best explanation of racism as a social fact? a. it needs to be eradicated by laws b. it is like a magic pill c. it does not need the actions of individuals to continue d. none of the above

c. it does not need the actions of individuals to continue

What is the one defining feature of a minority group? a. Self-definition b. numerical minority c. lack of power d. strong cultural identity

c. lack of power

What is the one defining feature of a minority group? a. self-definition b. numerical minority c. lack of power d. strong cultural identity

c. lack of power

America's baby boomer generation has contributed to all of the follwoing except: a. socail security's vulnerability b. improved medical technology c. medicaid being in danger of going bankrupt d. rising Medicare budgets

c. medicaid being in danger of going bankrupt

Which of the following is true of inimate parter violence? a. IPV victims are more frequently men than women b. one in ten women is a victim of IVP c. nearly half of instances of IPV involves drurgs or alcohol d. rape is the most common form of IPV

c. nearly half of instances of IPV involves drurgs or alcohol

Which of the following is the best example of the role peers play as an agent of socialization for school-aged children? a. children can act however they wish around their peers because children are unaware of gender roles b. peers erve as a support system for children who wish to act outside of their assigned gender roles c. peers tend to reinforce gender roles by criticizing and marginalizing those who behave outside of their assigned roles d. none of the above

c. peers tend to reinforce gender roles by criticizing and marginalizing those who behave outside of their assigned roles

A woman being married to two men would be an example of: a. monogamy b. polygyny c. polyandry d. cohabitation

c. polyandry

Couples who cohabitate before marriage are __________ couples who did not cohabitate before marriage to be married at least ten years. a. far more likely than b. far less likely than c. slightly less likely than d. equally as likely as

c. slightly less likely than

As a Caucasian in the United States, being reasonably sure that you will be dealing with authority figures of the same race as you is a result of: a. intersection theory b. conflict theory c. white privilege d. scapegoating theory

c. white privilege

Which of the following is the best example of a gender sterotype? a. women are typically shorter than men b. men do not live as along as women c. women tend to be overly emotional, while men tend to be levelheaded d. men hold more high-earning, leadership jobs than women

c. women tend to be overly emotional, while men tend to be levelheaded

Why did most white ethnic americans come to the United States? a. for a better life b. to escape oppression c. because they were forced out of their own countires d. a and b only

d. a and b only

Sociologists associate sexuality with_______. a. heterosexuality b. homosexuality c. biological factors d. a person's capabilty for sexual feelings

d. a person's capabilty for sexual feelings

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act counteracts which theory? a. modernization b. conflict c. disengagement d. age stratification

d. age stratification

An elderly patient in a nursing home is mistreated by a young worker after reporting that this worker left another resident unattended. What is this elderly patient experiencing? a. social gerontology b. filial piety c. elder abuse d. ageism

d. ageism

Stereotypes can be based on: a. race b. ethnicity c. gender d. all of the above

d. all of the above

According to the symbolic interactionist perspective, we "do gender": a. during half of our activities b. only when they apply to our biological sex c. only if we are activiely following gender roles d. all of the time, in everything we do

d. all of the time, in everything we do

Ethnicity describes shared: a. beliefs b. language c. religion d. any of the above

d. any of the above

The racial term "African American" can refer to: a. a black person living in the United States b. people whose ancestors came to the United States c. a white person who originated in Africa and now lives in the United States d. any of the above

d. any of the above

Which of the follwoing is an example of numerical majority being treated as a subordinate group? a. Jewish people in Germany b. Creoles in New Orleans c. White people in brazil d. Blacks under apartheid in South Africa

d. blacks under apartheid in South Africa

Which of the following is correct regarding the explanation of transgenderism? a. it is strictly biological and associated with chemical imbalances in the brain b. it is a bahavior that is learned through socializing with other transgender individuals c. it is genetic and usually skips one genderation d. currently, there is no definitive explanation for transgenderism

d. currently, there is no definitive explanation for transgenderism

An unmarried mother is enlisted in a military reserve unit and has been called to active duty overseas. Her aunt and uncle live with her and are going to take care of her children while she is gone. Based on this mother's circumstances, what type of family structure is she be relying on for child care? a. family life cycle b. nuclear family c. cohabitation d. extended family

d. extended family

Which assertion about aging in men would be made by a sociologist following the functionalist perspective> a. men view balding as representative of a loss of strength b. men tend to have better retirement plans than women c. men have life expectancies three to five years shorter than women d. men who remain active after retirement play supportive community roles

d. men who remain active after retirement play supportive community roles

A child who associates his line of descent with his father's side only is part of a __________ society. a. matrilocal b. bilateral c. matrilineal d. patrilineal

d. patrilineal

What doctrine justified legal segregation in the South? a. jim Crow b. Plessy vs. Ferguson c. De Jure d. separate but equal

d. separate but equal

The measure that compares the number of men to women in a population is _______. a. cohort b. sex ration c. baby boomer d. disengagement

d. sex ratio

Society expects women to be more emotionally expressive than men because of _____________________. a. heterosexism b. genetic differences c. personality differences d. socialization

d. socialization

Current divorce rates are: a. at an all-time high b. at an all-time low c. steadily increasing d. steadily decreasing

d. steadily decreasing

For individual people of a certain culture, the life course is _______. a. the average age they will die b. the lessons they must learn c. the length of a typical bereavement period d. the typical sequence of events in their lives

d. the typical sequence of events in their lives

What makes Native Americans unique as a subordinate group in the United States? a. they are the only group that experienced expulsion b. they are the only group that was segregated c. they are the only group that was enslaved d. they are the only group that did not come here as immigrants

d. they are the only group that did not come here as immigrants