Sodium Potassium Pump

Hypertonic

-Less in the cell-: Water flows out so shell shrivels solution has a higher concentration of dissolved particles than a cell. Meaning water concentration is higher inside the cell than outside. Water flows out so shell shrivels

Hypotonic

-More in the cell -: Water flows in so it bursts solution has a lower concentration of dissolved particles than a cell. Meaning, water molecules are more concentrated outside a cell than inside; water diffuses into the cell and if too much enters the cell expands and may burst

3 Sodium Ions Realsed to the outside

3

2 Potassium Load Into Protein From Outside

4

Returns to original shape

5

2 Potassium Released To Inside of Cell

6

The binding and release of sodium or potassium ions are due to conformational changes in the protein. A) True B) False

A

The sodium-potassium pump functions to pump A) Sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell. B) Sodium ions into the cell and potassium ions out of the cell. C) Sodium and potassium ions into the cell. D) Sodium and potassium ions out of the cell. E) Sodium and potassium ions in both directions across the cell membrane.

A

The sodium-potassium pump is a trans-membrane protein. A) True B) False

A

What is the source of energy used to power the sodium-potassium pump? A) breakdown of ATP B) formation of ATP C) transport of ATP by the pump D) breakdown of GTP E) transport of GTP by the pump

A

During one cycle, the sodium-potassium pump binds and moves. A) 1 Na+ and 2 K+. B) 2 Na+ and 2 K+. C) 2 Na+ and 3 K+. D) 3 Na+ and 2 K+.

D

Facilitated Diffusion

Diffusion of molecules across a membrane through transport proteins

Sodium Potassium Pumps are in ______ ______ of our body.

Every Cell

Isotonic

Has the same concentration of dissolved particles of the cell: water molecules move in and out of the cell at an equal rate so cell's size remains constant

Active Transport

High to Low drives molecules across a membrane from a region of low concentration to higher with the use of energy

Passive Transport

High to Low movement of molecules across a cell membrane without energy input from the cell. -can be described as the diffusion of molecules across a membrane

Diffusion

High to Low movement of molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of lower concentration.

Exocytosis

Opposite of endocytosis: The release of substances out of a cell by the fusion of a vesicle with the membrane.

When will a greater concentration have positively charged ions?

Outside

Outside is greater that inside

Potassium

Endocytosis

Process of taking liquids or fairly large molecules into a cell by engulfing them in a membrane.

Concentration Gradient

The difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another.

cytosis

The swelling and bursting of animal cells when water enters is called...

Phagocytosis

Type of endocytosis; cell membrane engulfs large particles

Osmosis

WATER-HIGH TO LOW Water molecules travel across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to lower.