Software Packages

Windows Package - .exe ( executable file )

-contain instructions for a computer to execute when they're run, like copy this file from here to here, install this program, or more generically, perform this operation.

Windows Install Package - .msi

-is used to guide a program called the Windows Installer in the installation, maintenance, and removal of programs on the Windows operating system.

What's the file extension of a debian package?

.deb

Popular archive types:

.tar .zip .rar

Debian Package (Linux )

A Debian package is packaged as a .deb file for Debian.

DLL (Dynamic Link Library)

A file of executable functions or data that can be used by a Windows application. Typically, a DLL provides one or more particular functions, and a program accesses the functions by creating links to the DLL.

Archive

An archive is comprised of one or more files that's compressed into a single file. Package archives are basically the core or source software files that are compressed into one file.

Cache ( Mobile App )

As you use a mobile app, anything that's changed or created with that app will end up in that apps assigned storage location or cache.

Before you install software, which of the following commands should you run to get an updated version of your software?

Before you install any software, always make sure you're pulling the latest software from your repositories with the apt update command.

package manager like Chocolatey

Chocolatey is a third party package manager for Windows. This means it's not written by Microsoft. It lets you install Windows applications from the command line.

Having dependencies

Counting on other pieces of software to make an application work is called having dependencies since one bit of code depends on another in order to work.

Manifest

If an application needs to use a shared library to perform a task, that library will be specified in something called a Manifest.

Which of the following PowerShell commands will install the package "awesomesoftware" from the Chocolatey software source?

Install-Package -Name awesomesoftware -Source chocolatey -This command will install a (fictional) package, using chocolatey as the software source.

If you're performing an installation from the command line in Windows, what's the best method of checking out the options that the installation package provides?

Often the /?, /h and /help switches will give you some insight into what options the installer provides. Alternatively, you can check the documentation for the software to get the same information.

SxS ( Side-by-side Assemblies

On modern Windows Operating Systems though, DLL hell is a problem of the past. To fix it, most shared libraries and resources in Windows are managed by something called side-by-side assemblies or SxS.

PPA ( personal package archives )

PPAs are hosted on Launchpad servers. Launchpad is a website owned by the organization, Canonical Limited.

In Ubuntu, where are repository sources listed?

Repository sources are found in the /etc/apt/sources.list file.

Configuration Management Tools

SCCM Puppet

What's the PowerShell commandlet you can use to extract and compress archives right from the commandline?

The Compress-Archive commandlet in PowerShell can help you work with Archives from the command line.

What's the correct commandlet to use in order to find a software package in the available package sources from the PowerShell command line?

The Find-Package commandlet is the way to go if you want to locate a particular package and its dependencies.

Most shared libraries in Windows are managed by which of the following?

The SxS system is used in Windows to manage shared libraries. Most of these shared libraries are stored in the C:\Windows\WinSxS folder.

What's the difference between apt and dpkg?

The dpkg command is used as a standalone package installer, while the apt command is used as a package manager that installs package dependencies.

.tar Command (LINUX)

The tar (i.e., tape archive) command is used to convert a group of files into an archive.

Get-Package

This command allows an administrator to view a list of all software packages that have been installed by using Package Management

7-zip

This is the open source tool 7-zip. It's already installed on my computer.

p7zip-full (LINUX)

To extract a file using 7-Zip, use the command 7z and the flag e for extract and then the file you want to extract.

Find-Package

Using a Windows package management cmdlet called Find-Package, you can locate software, along with its dependencies right from the command line.

When would you want to use an MSI file to guide the installation of a program, as opposed to an EXE?

Using the Microsoft Installation Package format to guide a program's setup is a good way to get a lot of functionality out of the box. It does mean you'll need to follow the rules and format the Windows Installer requires.

Sysinternals Package

Which is a set of tools released by Microsoft that can help you troubleshoot all sorts of problems on your Windows computers.

Library

You can think of the library as a way to package a bunch of useful code that someone else wrote.

Advanced Package Tools (APT)

a package manager for the Ubuntu operating system. -makes sure that the process of software installation, removal, update, and dependency management is as easy and automatic as possible.

dpkg ( LINUX )

install Debian package

sudo dpkg -i atom-amd64.deb (LINUX)

install package

apt ( Advanced Package Tool )

package manager used in Ubuntu -is used to extend the functionality of the package. It makes package installation a lot easier. -It installs package dependencies for us, makes it easier for us to find packages that we can install, cleans up packages we don't need, and more.

sudo dpkg -r atom (Linux)

remove package

dpkg -l | grep atom (Linux)

search if a certain package is installed?

C:\Windows\WinSxS

shared libraries

What's the difference between an EXE file and an MSI file?

An executable or EXE file can "wrap" an MSI file, which is used by the Windows Installer to guide the installation process of an application.

Window Store

an application repository or warehouse, where you can download and install universal Windows platform apps.

dpkg -l (Linux)

list the Debian packages that are installed on your machine