Soil Science 2300T exam 2

A 420 cu. cm soil sample was collected in the field. The mass of the sample was 525 g. The oven dry mas was 475 g. The mass water content of this sample is:

0.11

If we use the sample described above and it was collected in an 8 inch area in an A horizon, how many inches of depth would have been water?

0.84

In agriculture, conservation tillage is defined by leaving at least _________ of plant residues on the soil..

30%

A plant that needs warm soil in the spring to grow will likely grow relatively earlier when:

A black plastic mulch is in place

Wetlands typically have which of the following?

A&B

Which of the following are advantages of wetlands?

All of the above

Which of the following are influences on the floor of soils?

All of the above

Which of the following are key components of drainage?

All of the above

Which of the following is likely considering nutrients in organic matter..

All of the above

Opposite of photosynthesis reaction

Cellular respiration

The smallest soil particle is:

Clay

Which of the fine Earth fractions contributes most to water retention?

Clay

Which of the following is most likely to cause dense layering in soils?

Conventional tillage

In the Northern Hemisphere of Earth, a soil on a north slope would tend to be ______ than soils on a south facing slope in the same area..

Cooler and wetter

The most common structure in the A horizon in Ohio is..

Crumb

Which of the following is not a benefit of soil water?

Dries up soil faster

Which of the following is not a benefit of soil water?

Ease of getting in the field

Which of the following components of the water-balance equation is usually insignificant in the winter?

Evapotranspiration

A watershed is a building to hold your water:

False

If you encounter a soil that looks blue or shows gleiing your soil is likely well drained.

False

Low-lying regions tend to be poorly drained, which tends to REDUCE the organic matter in the soil..

False

Silt is part of the fine Earth fraction, like sand and clay..

False

Soil preparation in wet soils increase compaction and reduces the time for plants to emerge..

False

Water in which of the following components of soil water potential is most affected by micro-pores?

Hydrostatic potential

A majority of water on Earth is found where?

In the ocean

Which of the following is not part of organic matter?

Minerals from rock weathering

You are thinking about building a home outside an urban area and you find a nice building site..

No

Field capacity and ____ are used to determine how much plant available water a soil could hold..

Permanent wilting point

What would cause soil color to have a low chroma?

Poorly aerated mineral soil (anaerobic)

Which of the following is the least common soil structure?

Prismatic

Which of the following indicates all of the macro-pores and micro-pores are filled with water?

Saturation

Which of the following wind transported material deposits is best described as moving slowly along the ground?

Soil Creep

Which of the following is most important in determining when to plant a crop?

Soil temperature

Which of the following would be a disadvantage of no-till planting?

Soil warm-up in the spring

Land shaping or leveling is often done to help drain _____ water away from fields..

Surface

Cohesion best describes..

The attraction of water molecules to other water molecules

The source of energy driving the hydrologic cycle is:

The sun

A loamy soil is described as a soil texture where the proportions of sand, silt and clay are all exactly equal..

True

A swamp is a good example of a position in the landscape where the water table is above..

True

Long term use of conventional soil tillage is likely to lead to soil compaction or loss of organic matter from the soil surface soils..

True

Nutrients are most available in soil solutions..

True

Pore space is important to both water infiltration and water holding abilities.

True

Studies have shown soil structure, organic matter, and biota to improve when no-till planting is used over long periods of time..

True

The bulk density of most soils is about 50% of the particle density in well-cared for soils..

True

Timing of rains and all types of precipitation are just as important as the amount of rain in most locations:

True

When in the fields in the spring bearing strength is very important to avoid getting stuck.

True

When new construction is done on a large scale in urban areas, they are required to construct water-retention ponds to prevent surface runoff..

True

A majority of the fresh water for human use in Ohio can be found:

Under the soils surface

Urban watersheds tend to produce more runoff than rural watersheds. This is because:

Urban watersheds usually have more impermeable surface area

Mass water is best described by the following formula..

Wet mass-dry mass/dry mass