Spanish flash cards chapter 4

Which is likely TRUE of an individual whose body composition has little fat and is naturally lean?

They have a high metabolism

When you cut your hand, it hurts because of the nerves in which part of the body?

peripheral nervous system

Andrew is a pole vaulter, but he recently injured his shoulder. He had to miss several weeks of the season but thinks that he is now ready to start practicing again. How will he know for sure that he can resume his sport?

when he is cleared by his doctor

Marina is trying to pay more attention to her health, and she has been monitoring her heart rate using a fitness tracker. Yesterday, she got into her first-choice college. When she checked her tracker, she noticed that her heart rate was higher for most of the afternoon. What BEST explains this?

Strong emotions can impact the heart rate.

Which BEST explains why including isometric, eccentric, and concentric exercises are important?

They ensure that muscles are well developed.

At what point in a workout are the muscles MOST flexible?

during the cool down afterwards

Mike is studying the differences between the body mechanics of swimmers in pools versus open water. What is his focus on?

dynamics

Jamar has decided that he is going to train for a marathon. He knows that it will take a lot of training, and that he will need to build his muscles. What part of the muscle does he need to build?

slow twitch fibers

You should be very ambitious when setting personal goals for health.

False

Meilee has decided that she wants to join her local roller derby team, so she is building her skating skills. It has been a while since she was on skates, so needs to get some practice in and build her skills. How can make sure that she is focused when she is practicing?

Focus on her breath and movements.

Benito wants to add some concentric exercises to his workout routine. He decides to start with the biceps. His plan is to do a few reps with increasingly heavy weights. What is the BEST advice for Benito?

Focusing on a lot of reps is more important than a lot of weight

If you are having trouble sleeping, why is it a good idea to exercise?

Being active and improving health leads to better sleep.

Hiram generally exercises as much as he can but is often frustrated at the end of the week because he has not gotten in as much exercise as he had hoped. He is thinking about creating an exercise plan at the beginning of the week. How would that help him?

He could set better goals by figuring out where it would fit into his week.

What is wrong with the way that this man is lifting the box?

He is not bending at the knees.

What is wrong with how the man in the image is holding the box?

He should have a neutral spine.

Why do muscles need to be strained when exercising?

It allows them to grow stronger as they rebuild.

The heart is made of muscles. Therefore, which is likely TRUE?

It can be strengthened.

Generally, people are advised not to do strenuous exercise when it is very hot and humid. What is the reason for this warning?

It can elevate the heart rate to unhealthy levels.

What might happen if you bend at the waist and pick up a heavy object?

It can strain your back.

How does Newton's second law of physics apply to lifting weights?

It requires more force to move weights, and this builds muscles.

What is the MOST important benefit of lifting heavy objects by bending and straightening your legs?

It takes the pressure off your back.

Why are those with low cardiovascular fitness more prone to heart disease than those whose cardiovascular fitness is high?

Those with lower cardiovascular fitness will have weaker heart muscles.

For athletes, a focus on body mechanics improves the effectiveness of their efforts.

True

Oxygen helps all aspects of the body function better.

True

Tracking your exercise can help you stick with an exercise routine.

True

When you learn to lift weights with the proper body mechanics, good form becomes a habit.

True

Exercise will not help maintain the health of your endocrine system.

false

Fitness goals should only be focused on an event, like a 5K or tennis tournament.

false

Having good form is important when sitting but not when sleeping.

false

It is really hard to build a good exercise program if you do not belong to a gym.

false

Only men have the testosterone hormone.

false

Imagine that you design running shoes for a living. Which biometric would be most useful?

the points of impact when the foot hits the ground

The laws of motion do NOT apply to the human body.

false

You need professional equipment to properly assess fitness.

false

Which is an example of measurement that considers velocity?

the speed of baseball pitch

While muscles are the source of strength, which BEST describes their function in the body?

to allow for movement

A solid fitness program should include cardio and strength training.

true

Both stretching and constricting exercises are important for muscle health.

true

Medicine in Western cultures has not focused on the energy in the body as much as cultures in Asia have.

true

Variety in an exercise program makes you more likely to stick to it.

true

Imagine that you are holding a weight. Why is there more benefit if you lift the weight by bending at the elbow than if you swing your arm?

Bending the arm creates a lever and more resistance than swinging the weight.

Elsa has been spending a lot of time on the stair machine at her gym. She is starting to feel really sore in her knees, but she figures that it is not a big deal since exercise often makes people ache. What is the BEST advice for Elsa?

Concentric exercise can be hard on joints, so she should be very careful.

If you "feel the burn" while exercising, what is actually going on in your body?

Lactic acid is taking the place of oxygen in the muscle.

Which BEST explains the relationship between exercise physiology and muscle physiology?

Muscle physiology is part of exercise physiology.

How does anaerobic exercise differ from aerobic exercise?

Aerobic adds oxygen to the body and anaerobic briefly deprives the body of it.

Ezra has a hard time sticking with exercise routines. He does well for a few weeks, but then tends to slack off a bit. What would be the BEST way for Ezra to motivate himself to stay on the program that he creates for himself?

Build in small rewards when he achieves his goals.

Imagine that you are running and want to track your heart rate. What is the easiest way to do this?

Check your pulse at the wrist or neck.

Jamal's ankle was shattered in a car accident. He had been quite athletic before this, and now he is afraid that he will not be able to run any more. How could talking to his doctor benefit him?

Jamal could learn what kind of exercise he could do as he heals.

Iris decided to start running. She has been alternating running and walking along a three-mile route for about two months. She can see that she is getting better but is still doing more walking than running. Her cousin decides to join her, and Iris quickly realizes she will not be able to maintain the same pace as her cousin. It's really frustrating because Iris knows that her cousin does not exercise much. What is the BEST advice for Iris?

Everybody is different, so she should not compare her performance to others.

Troy has decided that he wants to be healthier. He has been doing a pretty good job sticking to the exercise routine that he designed. However, he tends to eat a lot of junk food. He assumes that if he is exercising, diet is not really that important. What is the BEST response to Troy's assumption?

Exercise and attention to diet need to go together to build health.

The brain is not a muscle, like the heart, that can be worked and built. Which BEST explains why a consistent exercise regime has a positive impact on the brain?

Exercise helps maintain and create pathways in the brain.

Reba knows that if she exercises it will help her body, but she is less sure how this will bring positive changes to other aspects of her life. What is the BEST way to explain this connection to Reba?

Exercise reduces stress and boosts confidence, which can create positive change.

Andrew's exercise routine is generally weight lifting and sit-ups. While he can tell that he is building muscle, he feels like he is getting less flexible. Which is the BEST explanation for this?

He is not doing exercises that stretch the muscles.

Why is Leonardo DaVinci's work important for those interested in body mechanics?

He was one of the first to study the mechanics of the body in motion.

Walter has a paper due on a novel that he has not read. He knows that his teacher will expect detailed references to the novel in his paper. He is thinking that he can listen to it while he is lifting weights and multi-task. What is the BEST response to Walter?

He would be better off focusing on his workout and then turning to the novel.

Lily has noticed that all of her friends love to talk about their flaws. No matter what they start talking about, the conversation turns to social media and picking apart celebrities' bodies and eventually their own. Lily is starting to wonder if this is the right friend group for her because she finds all of this negativity exhausting. What advice would you give Lily?

If changing the subject does not work, it would be good to find some positive people.

Why is acceptance an important part of building a healthy lifestyle?

If you understand your limitations, you are less likely to be frustrated.

Jiro got a summer job at the library. He was surprised that he had to take a brief training course on workplace safety that included a segment on how to safely lift a box of books. Which BEST explains why this was part of his job?

Lifting heavy objects incorrectly can cause injury.

How are meridians different from the nervous system?

Meridians are channels for energy, and the nervous system moves brain signals.

Gina saw a commercial for a fitness program on television, and she thinks that it can work for her. After all, it would not be on television if it was not successful. What is the BEST response to Gina?

No one program will work for everybody, so she should consider her specific needs.

Marlo sits for hours, but he has a chair that is very supportive. He can sit there for hours without any discomfort. Because this is comfortable, is it appropriate for him to assume it is good for him to sit for hours at a time?

No, he needs to get up and move around periodically.

Alonzo thinks that it will be best if he exercises seven days a week since that will make sure that the habit sticks. Is this the BEST way to get into healthy habits that stick?

No, he needs to plan some days of rest.

When he was in high school, Kyong was a gymnast, making him very flexible. Now he is much older and works in an office during the day. He does not have the time to exercise like he used to. Is he still likely to be very flexible?

No, he will lose flexibility as he ages if he does not actively maintain it.

Based on Newton's third law of motion, will a tennis ball go farther if it hits a tennis racquet that is still or one that is in motion?

One that is in motion because both the ball and the racquet will contribute momentum.

Javier is going to go for a run. He has a treadmill in his house, but it is a beautiful day outside. He has noticed that he finishes his workout a little faster when he is on the treadmill. Should he go for a run outside or on the treadmill?

Outside because he will benefit from the fresh air and sunshine.

Imagine that someone is injured, and their somatic nervous system is impacted. Would this be a life-threatening injury?

Probably not since that system deals mostly with mobility.

It can be tough to become a critic of the messaging that promotes one version of attractiveness, especially since the media that pushes these kinds of images is everywhere. What is the BEST way that you can actively push back against this messaging?

Remind yourself that the images you are looking at are probably enhanced.

Part of mindfulness is "being part of the present moment." Which statement BEST explains what this means in terms of exercise?

Set your expectations based on your physical health right now.

Dina has been working out for a few weeks. She wants to really focus on developing healthy habits rather than a very specific goal, like losing weight. She knows that tracking can help maintain health. What could she document that would let her see progress?

She could note the lengths and speeds of her morning runs.

Cara has tried yoga a few times with her friends, who really enjoy it. However, Cara has found that she just does not like it. She prefers sports where she can be really active, like tennis or racquetball. Her friends tell her that the yoga studio is having a great deal on a series of classes, and Cara should get it so that they can all go together. What should Cara do in this situation?

She does not like it, so she should pursue activities she likes better.

Therese plays lacrosse, but she has injured her ankle and has to take a few weeks off. She is finding that she has a lot of trouble sleeping since she is no longer practicing several days a week. What BEST explains this?

She is not releasing the endorphins that she used to, and that impacts her sleep.

Elsa is quite petite, so she often has to sit at the edge of chairs. Even with this adjustment, her back is rarely against the back of the chair. She thinks it is fine because it has always been that way. What would be the BEST advice for Else?

She needs to find better chairs, so her spine is supported.

Yasmine wants to be healthier, so she decided to join her local gym. She has not worked out with weights before, but she figures that she can just look at what other people are doing and figure it out. What is the BEST advice for Yasmine?

She needs to learn proper body mechanics so that she does not hurt herself.

Hattie has changed her diet and upped her exercise for a few months now. Although she feels better, she is frustrated by the fact that she has not lost any weight. What is the BEST advice for Hattie?

She should focus on the benefits of exercise she can see.

Yoga is a form of exercise that incorporates breath practices. How does this help build mindfulness?

The focus on the breath contributes to tuning into the body.

Paralysis is often the result of severe spinal injuries. Why is this often the case?

The spine houses much of the central nervous system, which controls movement.

Reyna and Delilah decide that they are going to test their flexibility. Reyna does a lot of yoga, so she can easily touch her toes. Delilah is not very flexible and finds that she can barely reach her ankles. Delilah no longer thinks that it is a good idea to work on flexibility with Reyna since Reyna is so much more flexible. What is the BEST response to Delilah?

They can work on flexibility together; they will just have different goals.

Why do athletes have lower heart rates than the average person?

They exercise a lot, so their heart muscle is in great shape.

Young children are generally more flexible than older people.

True

When you feel short of breath, what is actually going on in your body?

Your body is not getting enough oxygen throughout.

Why is it important to have both long-term and short-term goals?

Why is it important to have both long-term and short-term goals?

Alonzo wants to be a computer programmer, and he spends a lot of time sitting in front of a screen. Physical agility will not be a big part of his job. Does he need to worry about building muscle strength?

Yes, he really needs to focus on it since his career is not active.

There are many people who do not gain weight easily and can live their lives at a healthy weight without really exercising. Do these people still need to exercise?

Yes, low weight does not mean that their hearts and lungs are healthy.

Bettina was sick for several weeks, and her slow recovery has made her realize that she is not as healthy as she thought she was. She has never been fond of exercise and is intimidated at the thought of going to a gym. Walking seems manageable, and there are some hills in her neighborhood. But she knows that is not aerobic exercise. Is this a good place to start?

Yes, she can slowly improve her capacity and move to aerobic exercise later.

Amari has been exercising regularly and she is really starting to feel the benefits. Overall, she has more energy and just feels better about herself. She has started volunteering for things that she otherwise would have been too shy to do. Could this newfound confidence be a result of her good habits?

Yes, she is producing more testosterone.

Sasha does not have access to a gym or fitness equipment. Is it possible for him to develop a good fitness routine with what he has at home?

Yes, there are cardio and strength training exercises he can do without equipment.

Imagine that a car is speeding down the highway and it hits a large bump in the road that forces it off the road. What would Newton call that object?

an unbalanced force

According to Newton's first law of physics, what will a bowling ball do as it rolls down the bowling alley?

continue at a constant speed

It is well established that exercise is good for building muscles, and these results can be easily seen. The impact on the hormones is a little harder to determine, but there are hormonal changes that will reduce stress and increase confidence. Which two hormones create these effects?

endorphins and testosterone

Matilda is a bit self-conscious about how tall she is for her age. As a result, she tends to slouch. What should Matilda work on improving?

posture

The pancreas is one of the most important glands in the body. It has a lot to do with maintaining a healthy weight because it regulates which of these in the body?

sugar