Spatial Perception

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Allocentric reference

(extrinsic vantage, independent of position) extrapersonal space that extends well beyond arms, cued responses - movement guided by external cue

Egocentric reference

(relative to viewer's vantage) intrapersonal space- the space your body takes up, within arms reach. Position responses- made relative to your body

Sensory/motor translation

acting relative to the spatial organization of the external world (small scale)- reaching for an object

Posterior parietal lobe (precuneus of SPL)

activation for egocentric, episodic memory, self-processing operations

Hippocampal activation

active during allocentric encoding of spatial information (different start points) - right hippo

agnosagnosia

denial of physical disability or illness in pararlysis

Spatial perception

determining where horizontal or vertical is in the real world, even when given distracting information

R Precuneus damage

egocentric memory impaired

Micro/macrosomatoagnosia

egocentric, believing that one part of the is bigger or smaller than normal, usually one part of body and short-lived

Disembedding

finding figures hidden within other pictures

Neural systems/Medial temporal lobe

for spatial memory and spatial mapping, flexible navigation from different starting points in the environment (hippocampus and parahippocampal cortex)

Hemi-neglect

ignore all information on one side

Spatial visualization

imagining how well pieces of an object go together

Fundus

in L IPS involved in target-directed movement

reduplicative paramnesia

incorrectly identify and reduplicate persons, places, objects, events (hippocampal related)

topographical agnosia

loss of ability to identify landmarks with orientating value

topographical amnesia

loss of ability to navigate in environments that were familiar

autotopagnosia

loss of spatial knowledge of one's body, can't point to parts of body but can name them

Constructional abilities

manipulating objects so they have a particular spatial relationship

Egocentric syndromes

micro/macrosomatoagnosia, right/left confusion, finger agnosia, associated with dyscalculia and dysgraphia in gerstmann's syndrome, autotopagnosia, angnosagnosia

Areas activated by sensory feedback

middle temporal cortex (MT), dorsal steream, IPS intra-pareital sulcus, visual control of reaching

Spatial navigation

moving about the environment (large scale)- traveling to a more distant location

Important sensory motor areas

occipital, parietal, frontal cortex, cerebellum, basal ganglia, thalamus

Balint's syndrome

optic ataxia (can't reach out and touch an object in space), sticky fixation, simultagnosia

Neural systems/Parietal cortex

part of dorsal stream and activated during many spatial tasks

Spatial location and location memory

perceiving and remembering locations of objects

Motion perception

perceiving the change in an objects location over time

Egocentric spatial navigation areas

precuneus areas of parietal cortex

Spatial orientation

recognizing objects in different orientations or directions

Allocentric sydromes

reduplicative paramnesia, topographical amnesia, topographical agnosia

Spatial ability

requires understanding of an object's spatial location, geometry, and function

Most spatial pathology is in which hemispehere?

right

Parietal-frontal cortical systems

spatially directed movement, reaching and grasping objects in space. Input from hearing, touch, vision

Allocentric areas

sup and inf parietal lobules, LOC, hippocampus and for hand movements - intraparietal sulcus, dorsal premotor cotex

Parts responsible for allocentric

superior and inferior parietal lobules, ventrollateral occipito-temporal cortex, bilateral hippocampus


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