SPC2608 MIDTERM

popular research databases

- EBSCO - ACADEMIC SEARCH COMPLETE -GALE ACADEMIC ONEFILE - LEXISNEXIS ACADEMIC - JSTOR

concept mapping

- draw a circle - label it with your initial concept - draw more circles - label those with related concepts - use arrows to indicate relationships.

what is the general speech purpose?

- to inform or teach - to persuade or seduce - to celebrate, honor, or mourn - write your purpose statement

what are the guidelines for when choosing a topic?

- what is the speaking situation? - what topics are interesting and relevant to me? - what topics will be interesting and relevant to my audience?

what are the three questions for speech support?

- what kind of speech is called for? - what is the setting and mood of the speech? - who is the audience of the speech?

three "hacks" of internet source reliability

- who the heck WROTE IT? - who the heck PAID FOR IT? - when the heck was it PUBLISHED?

bias

A particular preference or point of view that is personal, rather than scientific.

what are the standard formats for citing sources?

MLA, APA, Chicago, AMA.

truth

a charged word and introduces a complexity to public speaking that most of us don't normally consider.

when organizing your speech, you should assume your audience will have

a limited ability to remember

thesis statement

a single sentence that expresses the topic and purpose of the speech.

specific purpose statement

a single sentence, often beginning with the word "to", that explains the specific topic and goal of your presentation.

psychological audience analysis

an anticipation of audience feelings and an attempt to marshal those feelings in order to change beliefs, attitudes, values, or behavior.

internal noise

any thoughts, feelings, or bodily disturbances.

external noise

anything in a communication environment that involves talking, room temperature, finger tapping, cell phones, street sounds, etc.

noise

anything that distorts or disrupts a message.

orally referencing sources

approach depends on type of speech. Give enough information to be verified such as author, type of source, title of description of source, and data of source.

ethnicity

based on culture, language, style, etc.

race

based on physical traits

common knowledge

beliefs that are known and understood by members of a given community.

attitudes

building blocks of "self"/ group of beliefs.

which speech purpose refers to honoring or mourning someone who has died?

celebration

what are types of research?

common knowledge, personal experience, internet research, library research, interviews

speech anxiety

communication apprehension specific to making speeches.

values

core beliefs and almost impervious to change

techne

craftsmanship or art

what do the statistics measure?

direct count and estimate. Examples are marriage data collected by census, music data collected by Nielsen and political rhetoric.

invention

discovering materials and arguments

which of the following questions will help Max possible bias from a speaker?

does the data support the financial gains for a person or organization?

formal audience analysis

employing various tools and methods for gathering information about people, such as focus groups, interviews, or surveys.

contextual reasoning

evaluating what support to use.

types of testimonies

expert, lay, personal experience, and declaration of faith.

sexual identity

expression of gender

types of speech support?

facts, statistics, testimony, examples, stories.

it's helpful to write out your speech word-for-word in your speaking outline so that all words and phrases can be understood by others.

false

audience dispostion

focus on feelings and anticipates emotional responses known as physical audience analysis

stories or narratives

form of example; having beginning, middle, and end. Appeal to audiences such as showing connections.

sexual orientation

gender identity

audience psychology

harnessing the power of love, fostering togetherness, and establishing common ground

speeches that make claims beyond the reach of common knowledge are more credible when they appear to

have been researched

word association

help begins the process and no right or wrong answers. also known as free association.

beliefs

ideas we have about reality

examples

illustration of a claim of fact or opinion.

public

interaction with an audience

"inventia" is the latin term that encompasses the words invention and

inventory

what are the guidelines for ethical speaking,

know your stuff, be prepared, demonstrate respect, and do no harm.

brainstorming

letting your mind wander and writing down your ideas.

what are the guidelines for ethical listening?

listen for main points, determine how points are organized, and assign meaning.

speech constraints

location and audience demographics

misalignment equals

misunderstanding

identification

moments when both audience and speaker forget the differences between them by recognizing that they are alike in some fundamental way

speech situation

most important factor when choosing a topic and crafting the mood of your speech

power of speech

moves people, influences, and used for good and evil.

what is research planning?

narrow your topic during research, allot sufficient time, develop a list of possible sources, take notes, and print your sources.

lay testimony

non experts and everyday folks

which is required for people to remember more than three main points from a speech?

organization

which of the following statements will Dylan most likely need to cite because it was necessary to look up the fact?

over 8 million people live in New York City

stereotyping

overgeneralization about a person or group

what evokes strong feelings?

positive or negative

research interview

prepare ahead of time, secure recording permissions, listen actively, and transcribe your recording.

listening

process of actively making meaning messages.

research

pursuing answers to satisfy curiosity. searching materials for: - information - background - context

statisitics

quantitative evidence such as mean, median, mode. Also used to convey information quickly.

what are the steps in active listening?

receiving, attending, understanding, responding, paraphrasing, clarifying (feedback), and recalling and remembering.

misinformation

refers to deliberately incorrect statements.

informal audience analysis

refers to the way in which a speaker gathers information about his or her audience in an unsystematic way

what is the basic speech prep and delivery?

research, organize, practice, and deliver.

in general, the three basic ways speakers research speeches involves going to the library, conducting interviews, and

researching on the internet

what are the ethics of a listener?

responsibility, practical wisdom, expertise, and good will.

testimony

sharing of viewpoints, perspectives, or opinions of an individual.

what are the reference components of citing sources?

source, author, author credentials, date.

________ organization is closely related to memory because navigating space is a central human activity.

spatial

personal experience

speaker's experience that usually depends on situation. more common uses are giving a celebratory speech, serving as an expert, or creating a sense of interest.

which of the following are defined as quantitative measures of the amount, size, or number of something?

statistics

demography

study of statistical characteristics of a given population and provides facts about the audience.

example of what/who is the source

sugarless gum ad

active listening

technique of observing and responding to a speaker's verbal and nonverbal messages with the goal of understanding.

if your speech is based on a timeline of events, which speech organization pattern should you use?

temporal

expert testimony

testimony of someone acknowledge as an authority; can add credibility

which of these statements is true about facts and opinions?

they are types of belief.

which is an example of a persuasive specific purpose statement?

to encourage my peers to invest in their retirement accounts

a librarian can be more helpful than a google search in determining where to find information.

true

if you're asked to speak on the spot, you will likely employ the organizational speech pattern of rambling.

true

facts

variable truths or information; often contrasted with opinions and beliefs.

what are the two messages for noise?

what the speaker intends and what the listener hears.

selective listening

when people only focus on listening to what they believe is important or relevant to them.

speech context

why you are giving the speech