Special Populations Exam I

True or False: A review of your client's history reveals that her mother died of heart attack at age 72. This is considered a family history risk factor for your client?

False

True or False: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death for American women

False

True or False: CV complications during resistance training appear to be higher than aerobic exercise

False

True or False: It is predicted that the population of the USA will have fewer individuals living to 100 years of age

False

True or False: Physical activity is least safe when the individual is currently very active, has no CMR disease and has no symptoms of CV

False

True or False: The ACSM Position Stand (2011) is the recommendations of the ACSM panel of experts based on their professional opinion

False

True or False: The current exercise guidelines for the general healthy population should not be modified for special populations

False

True or False: The medical clearance procedure allows the exercise professional to diagnose any condition that may worsen with increased physical activity and exercise

False

True or False: The term special populations is used to refer to clients that have a learning disability and need special assistance for exercise.

False

True or False: To determine lung function, a spirometer can be used to test forced expiration ventilation (FEV). To do this, you pinch the client's nose with your fingers while they breath out as forcibly as they can into the device

False

True or False: You have designed an exercise program for Mary that has helped her increase her strength. This program can now be used for any other female that wants to increase her strength without the need of further assessment

False

Which of the following indicates the optimal test order for general fitness assessments

- Non-fatiguing tests - muscular strength tests - muscular endurance tests - cardiovascular tests

Approximately what percentage of individuals in the United Stated have at least one chronic health condition?

50%

True or False: The term special population refers to groups of people with conditions and needs different from the general population, that may require special considerations for exercise to ensure that exercise is safe and effective.

True

Mary used to smoke 3 packs of cigarettes per day. She tells you she quit smoking last month. What is her current risk factor for CVD and smoking?

smoking remains a risk because it has been less than 6 months

True or False: The ACSM preparticipation screening algorithm is a new instrument designed to identify participants at risk for CV complications during or immediately after anaerobic exercise

True

True or False: The National Strength and Conditional Association (NSCA) offers certification as a certified special population specialist

True

Which of the following are included in the current ACSM guidelines for exercise for healthy adults?

- Flexibility training - Resistance Exercise - Neuromotor training - Cardiovascular Training

Which of the following are excluded and are not part of the scope of practice for exercise professionals? Mark all that apply

- Soft tissue mobilization - Gait training - diagnosis of conditions

Which of the following correctly identifies the standard 7 sites for skinfold locations?

- Subscapularis - midaxillary - tricep - chest - abdomen - superiliac - thigh

All of the following are considered societal causes of inactivity. Mark all that apply

- Technological advances - more sedentary careers or jobs

Other considerations or needs other than exercise training to discuss with clients may be: mark all that apply

- sleep - current medications - supplements - nutrition

Lebron is 6 ft 8 in tall and weighs 260 pounds. Which of the following indicates his correct BMI?

118kg/(2m)^2 = 28.6

What percentage of adults older than 18y exercise regularly?

15-20%

Which of the following best describes ACSM recommendations for neuromotor training?

2-3 days per week, 20-30 minutes per day, using balance, agility, coordination

Which of the following best describes ACSM recommendations for Resistance Exercise?

2-3 days per week, train each major muscle group, 2-4 sets

Which of the following best describes ACSM recommendations for flexibility exercise?

2-3 times per week, hold stretches for 10-30, 2-4 reps

Which of the following statements about body mass index (BMI) is FALSE?

BMI is a direct measure of body fatness

For an individual with abnormally high or low heart rates, which cardiovascular endurance test might provide the most accurate results?

Balke-Ware treadmill test

Which of the following is true when comparing licenses medical professionals and exercise professionals?

Exercise professionals are not required to be licensed but may be certified

When monitoring blood pressure which sound is read as the Systolic blood pressure?

First initial sound or onset of sound

For physically inactive clients who have a known disease but who are asymptomatic, which of the following is true regarding the guidelines for exercise participation?

If they have received medical clearance within the last 12 months, they can begin light-to-moderate-intensity exercise immediately

After a discussion with a new client, previously sedentary, who has recently been diagnosed with obesity, the exercise professional sets a goal of completing four 30-minute sessions per week at an intensity of 70% within the first three weeks of exercise. Which of the guidelines for goal setting does this plan violate?

It is not realistic

Which of the following is part of the recommended procedure for measuring accurate skinfolds?

Keep the skin pinched will placing and reading the caliper

Which of the following is true of life span since 1950?

Life span changes are not related to increases in physical activity

True or False: Physically inactive clients without disease or signs of disease may start exercise training with light to moderate intensity without medical clearance, progressing intensity as tolerated

True

Which of the following is true about the obesity rate in the United States?

One third of the American population has obesity

Which of the following indicates the correct location and method for palpating a client's resting heart rate?

Place index and middle finger on radial artery

Which of the following provided the most direct measurement of percent body fat?

Skinfold testing

Lola is an older adult and has a blood pressure reading of 155/89. What is the classification for this level?

Stage 1 Hypertensive

Which of the following describes a violation of the requirements in the ADA Standards for Accessible Design?

The cardiovascular equipment in a training facility consists of 10 treadmills, 6 elliptical machines, and 3 recumbent bikes

Which of the following is an appropriate procedure for obtaining an accurate sit-and-reach flexibility measurement?

The client should warm up for 3 to 5 min with light exercise

During graded exercise testing, why are RAMP protocols preferred to standard protocols such as the Bruce protocol for the measurement of cardiovascular endurance in individuals with chronic disease?

They include smaller changes in intensity

Which of the following activities is within the scope of practice of an exercise professional?

Training to reduce a strength deficit in lower back muscles

True or False: An individual that is currently physically active, free of CMR disease and free of signs and symptoms of CVD, does not need medical clearance to continue to exercise at a moderate or vigorous level of PA

True

True or False: Analysis of the performance, physical ability, health, and fitness needs of the individual is termed a Needs Analysis

True

True or False: Chronic diseases account for 7 out of 10 deaths each year in the United States

True

True or False: Exercise adherence is achieved when clients are motivated. Motivation is achieved when clients feel competence, autonomy, and relatedness

True

Which of the following is an appropriate test for cardiovascular endurance?

YMCA step test

Rosa exercises 2 to 3 days a week for 15 minutes at a vigorous intensity. She has been doing this for the last 6 weeks. Is physical inactivity a risk factor for Rosa for CVD?

Yes

Your new male client has a BMI of 32 and a waist circumference of 41 inches. Is obesity a risk factor for this client?

Yes

Which of the following are considered major signs and symptoms suggestive of CVD?

all of the answers - shortness of breath at rest or with mild-exertion - known heart murmur - intermittent calf pain

Which of these special populations is incorrectly matched with an appropriate accomodation?

autistic children: brightly colored or patterned walls

Which of the following factors is most likely to have contributed to the decrease in physical activity in the last 50 years?

increased reliance on jobs using mechanized equipment

Which of the following contributors to the trend of reduced physical activity is an individual issue rather than a societal issue?

lack of motivation or interest in exercise

Which of the following best describes the ACSM recommendations for cardiovascular exercise?

more than 30 minutes, moderate intensity, on more than 5 days per week

All of the following are considered part of the scope of practice of an exercise professional, EXCEPT:

prescribing exercise plans

Which of the following are considered CMR diseases most relevant to screening?

previous heart attack

All of the following are considered individual causes of inactivity, EXCEPT:

too much free time