SPED 4000 Midterm Study Guide

What is "due process"? When is it used?

- Seeks to make schools and parents responsible to IEP... if disagreement... - First, Resolution session - Second, Mediation - Third, due process hearing, or mini trial, lawyers

How often should the IEP be reviewed?

At least once a year

What age range is served by an IEP?

ages 3-21

Americans w/ Disability Act (ADA)

- ADA supports and extends 504 and ensures that adults have greater access to employment and daily activities - Employers cannot discriminate - Mandates public transportation and places be accessible to all people - Give accommodations to all... even those who do not require special education services and those beyond school age

Who would be appropriate members of the IEP team?

- At least 1 regular education teacher - At least one special education teacher - Person who can interpret the evaluation results - Representative of the public agency - Parents of the child

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973

- Civil rights law - Defines a disability as a person with a mental or physical impairment that substantially limits him/her in a major life activity. - An Accommodation Plan is recommended to be written to identify accommodations for a student under this law and could be reviewed "periodically" (no specific time line set). - Ex. You need to modify a writing assignment for your - - English class because a student broke his arm which now limits a life activity. - For organizations using federal money which includes all public and charter schools - About doing the right thing - General education responsibility - Students will have EQUAL OPPORTUNITY, does not guarantee - requires(s) a coordinator in the public schools to monitor accommodations - Applies to ANY program or activity that receives federal financial assistance.

What are some supports or strategies teachers can use for ELL students highlighted in the module?

- Cultivate Relationships and Be Culturally Responsive. ... - Teach Language Skills Across the Curriculum. ... - Emphasize Productive Language. ... - Speak Slowly—and Increase Your Wait Time. ... - Differentiate—and Use Multiple Modalities. ... - Incorporate Students' Native Languages—and Don't - Be Afraid of Technology.

What is meant by nondiscriminatory evaluations?

- Determine if child has disability as defined by IDEA - If child does not qualify, they have no right to services but if they do then they are then under state responsibility - Evaluation safeguards, parent must be there for initial and reevaluation - A team evaluates, not just one person & not just one test

What are some of the potential challenges and benefits for students related to low SES (socioeconomic status)?

- Having their basic needs met - Few educational resources at home (e.g., books, computers) - Less access to enrichment (e.g., tutors, museums) - Limited access to transportation - Reduced opportunity to participate in extracurricular activities at school or in the community - Transiency or homelessness - Poor nutrition - Inadequate healthcare - Less help with homework - Delayed language development - Read to less frequently at home - More responsibilities (e.g., childcare, cooking meals) because parents are working multiple jobs or longer hours - Less supervision at home - Fewer hours of sleep

Be familiar with Section 504. Who is eligible for Section 504 accommodations? Who is recommended to oversee compliance? Who is responsible for providing accommodations to the student who qualifies? What are examples of major life activities?

- Not age specific (age to death)... mental or physical impairment that substantially limits one or two daily life activities - Each school has a person designated to oversee section 504 compliance - Caring for self, hearing, seeing, eating, sleeping, walking, standing

What are some common characteristics and health-related problems associated with children who have Down Syndrome?

- Poor muscle tone; - Slanting eyes with folds of skin at the inner comers (called epicanthal folds); - Hyperflexibility (excessive ability to extend the joints); - Short, broad hands with a single crease across the palm on one or both hands; - Broad feet with short toes; - Flat bridge of the nose; - Short, low-set ears; and - Short neck and small head; - Small oral cavity; and/or - Short, high-pitched cries in infancy.

Be familiar with Universal Screening and the three tiers of RTI and what occurs in each tier.

- Universal Screening: All students undergo a brief screening measure. Given 1-3 times per year. Through it, students at risk for academic failure are identified - RTI Purpose: To provide early intervening services to struggling students, To identify students with learning disabilities - Tier 1: Primary or class wide intervention High quality instruction in general education setting, teacher monitors students identified in universal screening - Tier 2: Secondary or targeted intervention Students not making adequate progress receive extra help and are still monitored by teacher - Tier 3: Tertiary or intensive individualized intervention Still inadequate learning receive even more help in the special education system

What is meant by Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)? Who is eligible for a FAPE?

- are provided to children and youth with disabilities at public expense; under public supervision and direction, and without charge; - meet the standards of the State educational agency (SEA), including the requirements of IDEA; - include preschool, elementary school, or secondary school education in the State involved; and - are provided in keeping with an individualized education program (IEP) that meets the requirements of IDEA - Eligible: School age children w/ disabilities as defined by section 504

What is the purpose of IDEA?

- to ensure that all children with disabilities have available to them a "free appropriate public education" that emphasizes special education and related services designed to meet their unique needs and prepare them for further education, employment, and independent living; - to ensure that the rights of children with disabilities and their parents are protected; - to help States, localities, educational service agencies, and Federal agencies provide for the education of all children with disabilities; and - to assess and ensure the effectiveness of efforts to educate children with disabilities

List and define the 6 major principles of Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).

1. Free Appropriate Public Education. ... 2. Appropriate Evaluation. ... 3. Individualized Education Plan. ... 4. Least Restrictive Environment. ... 5. Parent Participation. ... 6. Procedural Safeguards.

Be familiar with the disability categories under IDEA.

13 of them... intellectual disability; a hearing impairment, including deafness; a speech or language impairment; a visual impairment, including blindness; a serious emotional disturbance (hereafter referred to as emotional disturbance an orthopedic impairment; autism; traumatic brain injury; other health impairment; a specific learning disability; deaf-blindness; or multiple disabilities.

What is person first language? Be familiar with what is acceptable and tips for writing or speaking about people with disabilities.

Always put the person before the disability when speaking about them!

What is Universal Design for Learning (UDL)? What are some examples of UDL?

Approach to teaching and learning that gives all students an equal opportunity to succeed ... based on scientific insights on how humans learn Ex. posted lessons goals, assignment options, flexible workspace, regular feedback, digital and audio text

What is the difference between social (BICS) and academic (CALP) English?

BICS refers to conversational fluency in a language while CALP refers to students' ability to understand and express, in both oral and written modes, concepts and ideas that are relevant to success in school.

What is the intent of Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)?

Children w/ and w/out disabilities are educated together

What is culturally responsive teaching (CRT)?

Culturally responsive teaching (CRT) is a research-based approach to teaching. It connects students' cultures, languages, and life experiences with what they learn in school.

How does the Endrew F Case impact setting goals in a student's IEP?

Enable students with a disability to make progress appropriate in light of his or her circumstances

Identify considerations for teaching in a diverse classroom

Get to Know Your Students. ... Maintain Consistent Communication. ... Acknowledge and Respect Every Student. ... Practice Cultural Sensitivity. ... Incorporate Diversity in the Lesson Plan. ... Give Students Freedom and Flexibility.

What is meant by zero-reject?

IDEA - Every child have the right to public education, No child can be excluded, Screenings are available for kids to be tested - state agency

What steps of the special education process are parents required to be involved in?

IEP planning

What are the steps of the referral process beginning with prereferral interventions and ending with placement? Be able to list the order in which these steps occur.

Prereferral Stage 1: Initial concern regarding a student's progress Stage 2: Information gathering Stage 3: Information sharing and team discussion Stage 4: Discussion of possible strategies Stage 5: Implementation and monitoring of strategies Stage 6: Evaluation and decision making

What are some accommodations and strategies to help students with learning disabilities?

Presentation, response, timing, setting, test scheduling, other

Define adaptive behavior skills and be prepared to give examples.

Real life skills such as grooming, getting dressed, preparing food, managing money, cleaning, etc.

What services are considered related services? How are related services funded?

Services that help development in children IDEA funds

What types of teaching methods work well for students with intellectual disabilities?

Small steps, be hands on, think visually, use baby steps, give feedback, music

How are intellectual disabilities diagnosed? Refer to the definition of ID.

Two main things... 1. the ability of a person's brain to learn, think, solve problems, and make sense of the world (called IQ or intellectual functioning); 2. and whether the person has the skills he or she needs to live independently (called adaptive behavior, or adaptive functioning)