Speech Presentation
presentation aids
are any materials you show to or share with the audience that assist in illustrating or supporting the content of your speech, and add interest and excitement to it
rhetorical questions
are asked for effect rather than to get a real answer from the listeners
gestures
are the large and small movements of the hands and arms that communicate meaning. they reinforce what you say, emphasize important points, and make presentations more interesting to watch as well as more natural and relaxed
competent language
enhances the listeners' understanding and enthusiasm for a speech by the use of words that are clear, vivid, and appropriate
pronunciation
focuses on stressing and accenting the right syllables in a word
vocal variety
heightens and maintains audience attention and interest in your speech by varying the rate (fast vs. slow), pitch (high vs. low), and volume(loud vs. soft) of your voice
metaphor
implies a comparison between two unlike things, but it does so without using the words like or as
figures of speech
include simile, metaphor, analogy, the rhetorical question, alliteration, and repetition
grammar
includes the rules and structure for putting words together in sentences
appearance
includes your clothing, shoes, jewelry, hairstyle, and even hair adornments
alliteration
involves the repetition of the same constant sound in a series of words or phrases to draw attention to certain ideas, and helps listeners remember what is said
eye contact
is a tool you can use to promote a sense of involvement with audience members that can make you seem credible, dynamic, believable, likable, and persuasive
articulation
is about forming individual speech sounds correctly with your mouth, so they combine to produce an understandable word
simile
is an explicit comparison that compares two unlike things using the words like or as
analogy
is an extended simile or metaphor that asks the listeners to accept that things that seem alike in most respects will be alike in the respect being discussed
posture
is defined as a position or attitude of body parts, and that is just what it communicates - your attitude
condescending language
is language that speaks down to your audience and may be offensive
delivery
is the actual presentation of the speech to the audience
imagery
is the creation of mental pictures and imagined sensory experiences through description
style
is the distinctive way a speech is presented that makes it memorable, which is achieved primarily through the speaker's use of language
pitch
is the highness or lowness of the speaking voice
speaker credibility
is the impression listeners form of a speaker in a given public-speaking context and at a given time
volume
is the intensity, the loudness or softness, of the speaker's voice
rate
is the speed at which a speaker delivers a speech
facial expression
is the vehicle you use to communicate how you feel about what you are saying to the audience
public voice
makes use of increased variety in volume, rate, and pitch, so that your own words are easily heard and understood by the entire audience
transparent delivery
means presenting a speech in such a way that the audience does not focus on the elements of the delivery, but instead pays full attention to the message
repetition
occurs when the speaker repeats the same word or phrase several times in a section of a speech
public speaking anxiety
popularly referred to as stage fright, refers to a person's fear or anxiety associated with an expected or actual public speaking event
appropriate language
presents information in a way that respects and treats all audience members as equals without being condescending or using biased language and stereotypes
vivid language
promotes enthusiasm for a speech by bringing the speaker's message to life, and moving the audience emotionally
clear language
uses words in such a way that listeners understand and can easily comprehend the meaning of the speaker's message
biased language
uses words or phrases that derive their meaning from stereotypes based on gender, race, ethnic group, age, sexual orientation, or disability