Spine and thorax

How many ribs do we have on each side of the body?

12

How many vertebrae form the vertebral column (cervical, thoracic and lumbar)?

24

How many "true ribs" do we have on the right side of the body (no pathologies)?

7

Which vertebra does not have a spinous process?

C-1

Which vertebrae can be located at the base of the neck? (Book Question)

C-7

The twelfth rib is often horizontal to the level of which vertebra?

T-12

Which vertebra is often horizontal to the level of the inferior angle of the scapula?

T-7

Which is the insertion of the transverse abdominis?

abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

Which is a part of the insertion of the external oblique?

anterior part of the iliac crest

The agonist of the erector spinae muscle will assist with extension.

bilateral multifidi contraction

Which is the insertion of the rectus abdominis?

cartilage of 5th - 7th ribs and xiphoid process

Which is the insertion of the diaphragm?

central tendon

Which section of the vertebral column is capable of the most movement?

cervical

What is the name of the anterior curve of the vertebral column in the neck?

cervical lordosis

The first rib is deep to which structure along the anterior thorax?

clavicle

Which of the following is an action of the transverse abdominis when both sides shorten?

compress abdominal contents

What is the structure that extends off the ribs and attaches to the sternum?

costal cartilage

A hiccup is caused by involuntary contraction of which muscle? (Book Question)

diaphragm

What is the primary muscle of respiration?

diaphragm

Which of the following is an action of the internal intercostals?

draw the ribs inferiorly (decreasing the space of the thoracic cavity)

Which of the following is an action of the multifidi (bilateral)?

extend the vertebral column

Which of the following is an action of the spinalis when both sides contract?

extend the vertebral column

Which of the following is an action of the semispinalis capitis when both sides contract?

extend the vertebral column and head

Which movement of the vertebral column would shorten the fibers of the erector spinae muscles?

extension

Which of the following is an action of the rectus abdominis?

flex the vertebral column

Which movement of the vertebral column would shorten the fibers of the rectus abdominis?

flexion

What type of ribs are the eleventh and twelfth?

floating

What could you ask your partner to do so you can differentiate between the quadratus lumborum and the erector spinae?

hike up you hip

Which of the following is an action of the diaphragm?

increase the volume of thoracic cavity (inhale)

During what activity is the diaphragm's central tendon pulled inferiorly?

inhalation

Which is a part of the origin of the diaphragm?

inner surfaces of lower six ribs

Which muscles are located directly between the ribs?

intercostals

What is the bony space between the spinous and transverse processes on the vertebrae?

lamina groove

Which movement would lengthen the fibers of the quadratus lumborum on the right side of the body?

lateral flexion to the left

Which of the following is an action of the longissimus (unilaterally)?

laterally flex vertebral column to the same side

Which of the following is an action of the quadratus lumborum?

laterally tilt the pelvis

Which of the muscles in the erector spinae group have an attachment on the skull?

longissimus

Which portion of the spine is designed to support the weight of the upper body?

lumbar

What is the name of the superior portion of the sternum?

manubrium

Which muscle acts as an antagonist to the rectus abdominis during flexion of the vertebral column?

multifidi

The rotatores span between how many vertebrae?

one to two

Which is the origin of the quadratus lumborum?

posterior iliac crest

Which abdominal muscle runs vertically from the rib cage to the pubic crest?

rectus abdominis

Which of the following is an action of the internal oblique?

rotate vertebral column to the same side

Which movement of the vertebral column would lengthen the fibers of the external oblique on the right side of the body?

rotation to the right

What forms the visible row of bumps running down the center of the back?

spinous processes

Which of the following is a part of the insertion of the spinalis?

spinous processes of cervicals, except C-1

Which is the insertion of the multifidi and rotatores?

spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebra

Which of the following is a part of the origin of the spinalis?

spinous processes of the upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae

Which muscles can be outlined by finding the spinous process of C-2, the transverse processes of C-1 and the space between the superior nuchal line and C-2?

suboccipitals

Which bony landmark is often horizontal to the level of the spinous processes of T-2?

superior angle of the scapula

Which is the insertion of the external and internal intercostals?

superior border of the rib below

Which bony landmark is often horizontal to the level of the spinous process of L-4?

top of the iliac crest

Which abdominal muscle plays a major role in forced exhalation?

transverse abdominis

Which of the following is a part of the origin of the longissimus?

transverse processes of upper five thoracic vertebrae

The multifidi span between how many vertebrae?

two/three to four