S.S--From the Crusades to New Muslim Empires

What happened in the Second Crusade? Know Anatolia, Damascus

-Christians owed victories to lack of unity among Muslim groups -Seljuk Empire was crumbling into smaller states, Muslims had trouble joining together -once in unity, fought more effectively, captured city of Edessa, Christians responded by starting a second crusade -Crusade ended in failure, German army defeated in Anatolia -French army arrived in Jerusalem, marched onto city of Damascus -Muslims came to aid and beat back crusaders, ended crusade

What happened in the later Crusades? Know Children's Crusade,Reconquista, Isabella and Ferdinand, Inquisition

-Crusades continued for centuries, new Crusade called Children's Crusade full of young German and French peasants, trying to reach the Holy land -none crusades succeeded in recapturing Jerusalem, Muslims gained back land like City of Acre -Reconquista was launched to retake the Iberian Peninsula from Muslims -Isabella and Ferdinand wanted to unite Spain as catholic country, launched the Inquisition, making other religions to become Christian

What happened in the First Crusade? Know Antioch, Jerusalem, crusader kingdoms

-European nobles led crusade -fought their way into Antioch, headed towards Palestine -crusaders laid siege to Antioch, protected by ring of walls, found way to overcome it, Antioch fell to the Christians - surrounded Jerusalem, after a month of fighting, city surrendered - established Four Crusader Kingdoms

What important landmarks do you see? With which religion is each affiliated?

-Holy Sepulchre with Christianity -Dome of the Rock with Islam -Western Wall with Judaism.

What religions are represented in the different quarters?

-Judaism, Islam, and Christianity

What happened in the Third Crusade? Know Salah al-Din, Richard I, Jerusalem, Palestine

-Muslims came under common leadership -Saladin formed largest Muslim empire, united different lands, recovered most of Palestine and conquered Jerusalem -Sparked Third Crusade, Richard I led fight against Muslims -Forced the surrender of city of Acre, killed all of prisoners -leaders signed peace treaty, allowed Christians to enter Jerusalem

Why might people fight over Jerusalem?

-cause of cities importance -religious want to take over the Jerusalem for their own, more power

What do you think makes Jerusalem important or special city?

-has different religions, Christianity, Islam, and Judaism

Why did the Crusades begin? Know Pope Urban II, and Constantinople.

-response to the threat passed by Seljuks -emperors appealed to Pope Urban for help -Seljuks had advanced 100 miles within the byzantine capital Constantinople - pope invited nobles and church leaders to attend council, where called for a crusade to drive out the Muslims and reclaim Jerusalem - promised forgiveness of sins when fight, french armies were organized to fight -Wore the Red Cross, symbol of Mission