State of consciousness

________ cycles occur roughly once every 24 hours.

Circadian

The body's biological clock is located in the _________

Hypothalamus

Do we need more or less sleep as we age?

Less

________ is one way in which people can help reset their biological clocks.

Light- dark exposure

Teenagers need ________ sleep than adults.

More

growth mindset

People with growth mindsets understand that any of us can be good at anything as long as we're willing to put in the time to build our skillset in that area.

________ occurs when there is a chronic deficiency in sleep.

Sleep Debt

A circadian rhythm is a biological clock that dictates fluctuations in heart rate, blood pressure, blood sugar, and body temperature over roughly

The circadian rhythm is a biological clock that fluctuates over a 24 hour period.

What does blindsight reveal about unconsciousness?

Vision can still take place in secondary visual pathways below the level of consciousness.

How can blindsight happen ?

Visual information from the eye is being processed unconsciously, so people with blind sight don't know the they are visually processing.

insomnia

a consistent difficulty in falling or staying asleep for at least three nights a week over a month's time

Sleep

a state marked by relatively low levels of physical activity and reduced sensory awareness that is distinct from periods of rest that occur during wakefulness.

suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

area of the hypothalamus in which the body's biological clock is located

sleep regulation

brain's control of switching between sleep and wakefulness as well as coordinating this cycle with the outside world

consciousness

describes our awareness of internal and external stimuli.

pineal gland

endocrine structure located inside the brain that releases melatonin

Awareness of internal stimuli

feeling pain, hunger, thirst, sleepiness, and being aware of our thoughts and emotions.

melatonin

hormone secreted by the endocrine gland that serves as an important regulator of the sleep-wake cycle

chronotype

individual differences in circadian patterns of activity indicating a propensity to sleep at a certain time

biological clock

innate timing device controlled by the suprachiasmatic nucleus

Jet lag

is a collection of symptoms that results from the mismatch between our internal circadian cycles and our environment.

TMS: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

is a procedure used to stimulate neurons in the brain.

Wakefulness

is characterized by high levels of sensory awareness, thought, and behavior.

The ________ gland in the endocrine system is important in releasing ________, which helps regulate biological rhythms.

pineal; melatonin The pineal gland system releases melatonin which regulates biological rhythms.

sleep debt

result of insufficient sleep on a chronic basis

Awareness of external stimuli

seeing the light from the sun, feeling the warmth of a room, and hearing the voice of a friend.

meta-analysis

study that combines the results of several related studies

homeostasis

tendency to maintain a balance, or optimal level, within a biological system

circadian rhythm

the biological rhythm that occurs over approximately 24 hours

biological rhythm

the internal cycle of biological activity (A woman's menstrual cycle is an example of a biological rhythm)

rotating shift work

work schedule that changes from early to late on a daily or weekly basis