Statistics

Which one of the following is not true about the hypothesis tests?

Hypotheses are statements about the sample from the population

In a hypothesis test which of the following can (and should) be determined before collecting data?

The null and alternative hypotheses

In hypothesis testing for one proportion, the "null value" is used in which of the following?

The null hypothesis, the alternative hypothesis, and the computation of the test statistic

The maximum distance at which a highway sign can be read is determined for a sample of young people and a sample of older people. The mean distance is computed for each age group. What's the most appropriate null hypothesis about the means of the two groups?

The population means are the same

Which of the following conclusions is NOT equivalent to rejecting the null hypothesis?

The results are not statistically significant

Which statement is correct about a p-value?

The smaller the p-value the stronger the evidence in favor of the alternative hypothesis

If, in a hypothesis test, the null hypothesis is actually true, which type of mistake can be made?

Type 1

In a hypothesis test the decision was made to not reject the null hypothesis. Which type of mistake could have been made?

Type 2

The level of significance associated with a significance test is the probability

of rejecting a true null hypothesis

The likelihood that a statistic would be as extreme or more extreme than what was observed is called a

p-value

Null and alternative hypotheses are statements about

population parameters

The designated level (typically set at 0.05) to which the p-value is compared to, in order to decide whether the alternative hypothesis is accepted or not is called a

significance level

A hypothesis test gives a p-value of 0.03. If the significance level alpha=0.05, the results are said to be

statistically significant because the p-value< or = alpha

When the p-value is less than or equal to the designated level of 0.05, the result is called a

statistically significant result

The smaller the p-value, the

stronger the evidence against the null hypothesis

The data summary used to decide between the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis is called a

test statistic

A two-sided or two-tailed hypothesis test is one in which

the alternative hypothesis includes values in either direction from a specific standard

In hypothesis testing, a Type 2 error occurs when

the null hypothesis is not rejected when the alternative hypothesis is true

If the result of a hypothesis test for a proportion is statistically significant, then

the null hypothesis is rejected

In hypothesis testing, a Type 1 error occurs when

the null hypothesis is rejected when the null hypothesis is true

A result is called statistically significant whenever

the p-value is less than or equal to the significance level

When comparing two means, the situation most likely to lead to a result that is statistically significant but of little practical importance is

when the actual difference is small and the sample sizes are large

Not a valid conclusion for hypothesis test? 1. reject null hypothesis 2. Do not reject null hypothesis 3. We have proven the null hypothesis is true 4. We have proven the alternative hypothesis is true

3 or 4

In an American criminal trial, the null hypothesis is that the defendant is innocent and the alternative hypothesis is that the defendant is guilty. Which of the following described a Type 2 error for a criminal trial?

A not guilty verdict for a person who is guilty

Suppose that a difference between two groups is examined. In the language of statistics, the alternative hypothesis is a statement that there is:

a difference between the population means