stress final
The electrodermal response or the electrical conductance of the skin is called
galvanic skin response
According to the ____ theory developed by Kobasa and her colleagues, less stress will result if you perceive potentially stressful events as a challenge instead of a threat.
hardiness
Which of the following noises registers at around 85 decibels, the noise level at which stress responses usually start to develop?
heavy city traffic
Which of the following characteristics describes a cancer-prone person?
holding resentment, using self-pity, having a poor self-image
Substances secreted by the endocrine glands that regulate various bodily functions are _____.
hormones
In males, testosterone levels increase significantly with acute stress, and this increase is associated with
hostility
Some of the most significant stressors that college students usually experience relate to
money
In females, the effects of cortisol and epinephrine are mediated by the hormones
oxytocin and estrogren
Which of the following is NOT a construct of the Health Belief model?
perceived change
Which of the following dimensions of health is defined as a healthy, supportive setting in which to function?
social health
What causes ulcers?
stress
The top number in a blood pressure reading refers to
systolic BP
In the context of behavior change theories and stress, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity , perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and confidence are constructs of ____
the Health Belief Model
Eustress is defined as
the good things to which we have to adapt and that can lead to a stress reaction
Which of the following is a characteristic of hot reactors?
they tend to suffer from high blood pressure
Fissures or cuts in the walls of the stomach, duodenum, or other parts of the intestines are known as
ulcers
The degree to which the seven dimensions of health are in balance is called
wellness
The people killed last year by heart disease
would be comparable to the population of DeKalb county.
ACTH activates the ____ to secrete corticoid hormones
adrenal cortex
Cortisol is secreted from the adrenal cortex and is responsible for
an increase in blood glucose
Substances produced by the body to fight antigens are called
antibodies
Which of the following terms is defined as a relaxation technique that involves a sensation of heaviness, warmth, and tingling in the limbs?
autogenic training
Reasons given or situations that interfere with someone engaging in behaviors that he or she wishes to engage in are called
barriers
According to the film, Stress: Portrait of a Killer, what was the primary similarity between Sapolsky's findings regarding stress in baboons and Marmot's Whitehall study of stress in humans?
being in a low rank on an important hierarchy has high risk for health problems
Total cholesterol between 200 and 239 mg/dl is considered
borderline high
Cancer causing agents are called
carcinogens
What are the two major components of the brain?
cerebral cortex and subcortex
The primary glucocorticoid is called
cortisol
The Health Belief model takes into account all of the following factors EXCEPT
desires and needs
Which of the following would NOT help relieve stress among college students?
drinking alcohol
The system that controls such body processes as hormone balance, temperature, and width of blood vessels is called
endocrine system
The pipe through which food passes to get into the stomach is called the:
esophagus
Identify the correct order in which food moves through the gastrointestinal system.
esophagus, small intestine, large intestine
The signs and symptoms of a stroke last for a short period and then disappear, without leaving apparent permanent effects.
False
The transverse tubules, or T tubules, of cardiac muscle have smaller diameters than those of other striated muscles.
False
Which of the following is characteristic of the third phase of the general adaptation syndrome?
Following long continued exposure to the same stressor, to which the body becomes adjusted, eventually adaptation energy is exhausted
According to McEwen, what did Selye get wrong in his general adaptation syndrome?
It's not that exhausted stress defense systems cause problems but that the stress system itself can cause problems.
Which of the following is NOT true about masturbation?
Masturbation can result in a physical illness of sexual dysfunction
_____ regulate the balance between sodium and potassium
Mineralocorticoids
Which of the following researchers are known for studying stress & headaches?
Stewart Wolf, Thomas Budzynski, and Harold Wolff
What stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxin?
Thyrotropic hormone (TTH)
Which of the following is NOT an appropriate stress management goal?
To eliminate all stress
A stressor is something with potential to cause a stress reaction.
True
A systolic blood pressure greater than 140 and/or a diastolic blood pressure greater than 90 are classified as high blood pressure and hypertension.
True
About half of the people with serious clinical depression have elevated levels of glucocorticoids.
True
According to Dr. Nadine Burke-Harris, researchers found that ACEs increased risk for 7 out of 10 of the leading causes of death in the U.S.
True
An important first step in changing behavior is identifying which behaviors need changing.
True
As with tension headaches, bracing causes muscles to lose its elasticity and fatigue easily.
True
Depression is estimated to cost the U.S. over $200 billion annually.
True
Diet books conform to our desire to lose weight. However, some diets are unhealthy and can lead to even more stress.
True
Metabolic syndrome is linked to abdominal obesity and increases the chance of developing heart disease, diabetes, and other health problems.
True
PTSD is a condition that develops in people who have experienced or witnessed an extreme psychological or physical event that is interpreted as distressing.
True
People who have learned stress management skills often respond to a greater degree to a stressor but return to their resting heart rate sooner than those not trained in stress management.
True
Stress may alter peristalsis of the small and large intestines necessary for the transport of food substances.
True
There is now widespread agreement that a genetic risk factor interacts with stress to produce increased risk for depression later in life.
True
Waist-hip ratio has been linked to the development of hypertension.
True
A behavior pattern associated with the development of coronary heart disease is
Type A
The noted physiologist who was employed at Harvard Medical School and who first described the body's reaction to stress was
Walter Cannon
Which of the following is an important task the younger college student has to confront?
achieving competence, managing emotions, establishing identity
The two hormones released by the adrenal medulla that arouse the body by accelerating heart rate, and stimulating the liver to release stored energy in the form of glucose are ____
adrenaline and noradrenaline
Which of the following names the three phases of the general adaptation syndrome in the order of occurrence?
alarm reaction, stage of resistance, and stage of exhaustion
A physiological response in which the body turns on itself is known as
autoimmune response
The total ____ is given in the formula "systolic/diastolic"
blood pressure
Serotonin has been associated with which of the following depression-related issues?
cognitive aspects such as rumination
According to the American College of Health Association's survey of undergraduate students, the mental health conditions students were most likely to report receiving treatment for were
depression and anxiety
We use FIDO to provide some factors associated with stress effects. The "D" in FIDO refers to
duration
Toxins, heat, and cold are examples of ____ stressors.
environmental
An innate adaptive response to the perception of danger is the _____
fight or flight response
The body's stress reaction that includes an increase in heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, and serum cholesterol is known as the
fight-or-flight response
Which of the following is a concern that acts as a significant stressor among college students?
finances, living arrangements, their weight
According to the lecture, because of some uniquely human characteristics we need to broaden the definition of stress to include
hardiness, resilience, and primary coping
The system that produces emotions, which is also known as the "seat of emotions" is called
limbic system
The goal of stress management is to
limit the harmful effects of stress
In her Ted Talk, Dr. Nadine Burke-Harris provided several examples of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Which of the following was NOT an ACE?
living in a high crime neighborhood
Which of the following types of love is defined as a combination of passionate love and flirtatious love, characterized by jealousy and irrational joy, and unlikely to result in a long commitment?
manic love
In the context of methods of decreasing stressful behaviors, ____ is best defined as the process of rewarding a behavior with a tangible object.
material reinforcement
When a part of the heart dies because of a lack of oxygen it is known as
myocardial infarction
Use of time and purpose in life are examples of _____ stressors.
philosophical
In the context of the stages of change theory, someone who is unaware of a problem of the need to change is in the
precontemplation stage
Norepinephrine has been associated with which of the following depression-related issues?
psychomotor retardation (energy, activity)
Jake decides that he will not watch his favorite television series, Seinfeld, for a month because he did not meet his goal of not smoking cigarettes for a week. Which of the following methods of decreasing stressful behaviors does this scenario exemplify?
self-contracting
The division of the autonomic nervous system that is most active during the activities and emotional responses is called
sympathetic division
Food substances that produce a stress-like response are known as
sympathomimetics
What revealed to Sapolsky why social connection a good thing, in terms of stress, resilience, and longevity?
Baboons most at risk for death after getting tuberculosis were those who had been most aggressive and least socially connected
People with attachment anxiety seem to be less psychologically willing or able to break up a relationship even when their partners fail to meet their psychological needs
True
A stressor will always elicit a stress reaction and strain.
False
In the context of methods of decreasing stressful behaviors, shaping involves stopping the undesired behavior all at once.
False
The blood protein known as rheumatoid factor is present in everyone's blood, but it only becomes activated in some people.
False
Which of the following has been found to be associated with depression and a three times greater chance of dying in older men
Hassles
Which of the following is true about the causes of death since the 1900s?
Heart disease has consistently been the leading cause of death since the 1930s.
Self-efficacy influences how much effort a person will put into performing a task.
True
Stress can interfere with calcium absorption in the intestines
True
Stress experienced by college students can interfere with the learning process necessary for academic success.
True
The U.S. blood supply has been screened for HIV since
1985
Approximately ____% in the U.S. have hypertension, about of those about ____% have their hypertension under control.
30;50
What is the normal range for blood pressure?
120/80
The Dutch Hunger Winter of 1944 was described in the film, Stress: Portrait of a Killer. What were the main implications of that famine in Holland?
Children conceived during the famine had increased risk in serious health problems 60 years later.
According to a survey of college students' health conducted by the American College Health Association in 2010, ____ percent of college students experienced more than average or tremendous levels of stress.
48