Stress Management Chapter 2 (always can take quiz again)

High cortisol levels that do not decline during the day have been found in:

*trauma survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). *people with depression *Holocaust survivors **all of these

The inner portion of the adrenal gland that secretes catecholamines is called the:

Adrenal medulla

The part of the subcortex responsible for coordination is called the:

cerebellum.

The part of the subcortex responsible for regulation of heartbeat and breathing is called the:

medulla oblongata.

The part of the subcortex responsible for regulating sleep is called the:

pons

The network of nerves that connects the mind and the body is called the:

reticular activating system.

What are the two major components of the brain?

Cerebral cortex and subcortex

What is released by the hypothalamus and in turn stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete thyrotropic hormone (TTH)?

Thyrotropic hormone releasing factor (TRF)

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) activates the _____ to secrete corticoid hormones.

adrenal cortex

Cortisol is secreted from the adrenal cortex and is responsible for:

an increase in blood glucose

The system that controls such body processes as hormone balance, temperature, and width of blood vessels is called the:

autonomic nervous system.

The catecholamine commonly called adrenaline is:

epinephrine.

Brain cells destroyed by prolonged stress can regenerate on their own.

false

In most people, cortisol levels are lowest a few hours after waking and continue to rise throughout the day.

false

The ciliary muscles of the eye are influenced by the sympathetic system only, and sweat glands and blood glucose are influenced by the parasympathetic system alone.

false

When measuring blood pressure, the higher number is the diastolic reading and the lower number is the systolic.

false

The electrodermal response or the electrical conductance of the skin is called:

galvanic skin response.

The body system responsible for digestion is called the:

gastrointestinal system

In females, the effects of cortisol and epinephrine are mediated by the hormones:

oxytocin and estrogen

The part of the diencephalon that relays sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex is called the:

thalamus.

Contraction of the smooth muscles results in constriction in the walls of the blood vessels

true

During stress, the hypothalamus activates the adrenal and thyroid glands, which in turn secrete cortisol, aldosterone, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and thyroxin.

true

Muscle bracing can lead to problems such as headaches and backaches.

true

Perspiration increases during stress.

true

The hormone that instructs the kidneys to retain water is:

vasopressin (ADH).

A substance found in the stomach that helps break down food for digestion is:

hydrochloric acid

The system that produces emotions, which is also known as the "seat of emotions," is called the:

limbic system.

Which of the following is the part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for conserving energy?

Parasympathetic nervous system

During stress, the surface temperature of the skin increases.

False

The part of the brain that "sounds the alarm" when stress is present is called the:

Hippocampus

Which of the following statements defines the endocrine system?

It is comprised of hormones that regulate physiological functions

_____ regulate the balance between sodium and potassium.

Mineralocorticoids

Which of the following is NOT an example of an involuntary function?

Muscle contraction