STUDY QUIZZES

Bob is somewhat of a loner in high school. He really despises the school "jocks" that seem to be involved in every sport. He doesn't want anything to do with them or be like them in any way. To Bob, the group of students who represent the school athletes is a(n) unattractive reference group. secondary reference group. aspiration reference group. primary reference group. dissociative reference group.

dissociative reference group.

Which of the following is a segment used to describe consumers with respect to their environmental activism? Healthy Hermits Eco-Centrists Green Earths True Blues Ailing Recluse

Eco-Centrists

__________ values prescribe a society's relationship to its economic and technological as well as its physical environment. Self-oriented Other-oriented Environment-oriented Internally-oriented Externally-oriented

Environment-oriented

__________ represents generally accepted ways of behaving in social situations. Guanxi Etiquette Demographics Culture Monochronism

Etiquette

True or False: Skeptics are most likely to value the Toms Shoe approach.

False

True or False: Terminal materialism is the acquisition of things to enable one to do something.

False

Which generation was born between 1965 and 1976? Generation Z Generation Y Depression generation baby boom generation Generation X

Generation X

Individualism affects which of the following? incentive systems for salespeople advertising themes product design customer complaining behavior All of these choices are correct.

All of these choices are correct.

Since women are quite diverse as a group, what other factors must marketers also consider when designing marketing communications? ethnicity age life stage employment status All of these choices are correct.

All of these choices are correct.

One's position relative to others on one or more dimensions valued by society is known as one's social status. societal rank. social sphere. social realm. social standing.

societal rank.

Earl did not complete high school and works as a janitor at two jobs. His income is very low, and he does not possess any skills to help him get a better paying job. Which social class best describes Earl? middle class lower-lower class upper-lower class lower-middle class working class

upper-lower class

Identification influence is also called __________ influence. value-expressive normative informational utilitarian affective

value-expressive

Which criterion is used to classify groups? membership strength of social tie type of contact attraction All of these choices are correct.

All of these choices are correct.

True or False: Americans have always valued diversity.

False

__________ tend to feel they don't have control over the outcome of events. Collectivists Fatalists Males Females Individualists

Fatalists

Potential obstacles to rapid market acceptance of an innovation are known as diffusion inhibitors. diffusion detractors. minimizers. diffusion delayers. laggards.

diffusion inhibitors.

Which of the following is a factor influencing nonverbal communications? a. things b. relationships c. space d. symbols e. all of the above

e. all of the above

Which type of materialism is the acquisition of things to enable one to do something? instrumental terminal secondary primary means-end

instrumental

Which of the following is the most widely applied single cue we use to initially evaluate and define individuals we meet? gender education age occupation income

occupation

Procter & Gamble is a major consumer packaged goods manufacturer. Which age category provides the greatest opportunity for P&G in terms of growth between 2010 and 2020? > 69 20-29 < 10 60-69 40-49

60-69

Approximately what percentage of the U.S. population has a high school degree? 50% 40% 75% 25% 87%

87%

Which of the following is a factor determining a reference group's influence on a consumer? whether or not the product is a necessity whether the use of the product or brand is visible to the group the degree of commitment the individual feels to a group the individual's confidence in the purchase situation All of these choices are correct.

All of these choices are correct.

Which of the following is a segment of female consumers? traditional housewife trapped housewife trapped working woman career working woman All of these choices are correct.

All of these choices are correct.

Which of the following is a traditional American value? youth competition active hard work All of these choices are correct.

All of these choices are correct.

Which of the following statements is false regarding word-of-mouth (WOM) communications? It is estimated that over 80% of all consumer product decisions are influenced by WOM. Not all personal sources are equal in value. Negative experiences are powerful motivators of WOM. Consumers generally trust advertising as much as they do WOM. Going beyond satisfaction to deliver more than was expected appears to have the potential to generate substantial WOM.

Consumers generally trust advertising as much as they do WOM.

__________ are widely held beliefs that affirm what is desirable. Prescriptions Precepts Cultural values Orientations Norms

Cultural values

True or False: A brand community is a geographically bound community, based on a structured set of social relationships among owners of a brand and the psychological relationship they have with the brand itself, the product in use, and the firm.

False

True or False: Gender roles refer to the traits of femininity and masculinity.

False

True or False: Generalized market influencers are referred to as opinion leaders.

False

True or False: The Hollingshead Index of Social Position (ISP) takes into consideration the rapid expansion of the role of women.

False

This segment of mature consumers has accepted their old-age status and has adjusted their lifestyles to reflect reduced physical capabilities and social roles. Ailing Outgoer Healthy Indulger Healthy Hermit Ailing Hermit Frail Recluse

Frail Recluse

Which generation was the first to gain a very broad view of a family, which may include parents, siblings, stepparents, half-siblings, close friends, live-in lovers, and others? Depression generation Generation X baby boom generation Generation Y Millennials

Generation X

__________ deals with the mature market and is based on the theory that people change their outlook on life when they experience major life events such as becoming a grandparent, retiring, losing a spouse, or developing chronic health conditions. Demographics Gerontographics Generational analysis Cognitive psychology Cohort analysis

Gerontographics

People in this group retain their physical health, but life events (i.e., death of a spouse) have reduced their self-concept and they become withdrawn. Healthy Hermits Frail Recluses Ailing Outgoers Healthy Indulgers Ailing Indulgers

Healthy Hermits

Which Generation Y segment, identified by Boston Consulting Group and Barkley USA, believes that they can have a positive impact and make the world a better place? Millennial Mom Old-School Millennial Hip-ennial Clean and Green Millennial Gadget Guru

Hip-ennial

Which of the following is not a segment used to describe consumers with respect to their environmental activism? Green Naives Respectful Stewards New Green Mainstream Proud Traditionalists Skeptical Individuals

New Green Mainstream

__________ values reflect a society's view of the appropriate relationships between individuals and groups within that society. Internally-oriented Environment-oriented Externally-oriented Self-oriented Other-oriented

Other-oriented

Which of the following is true regarding the size and distribution of the population of the United States? The growth has not been even throughout the United States. The population of the United States is approximately 250 million today. The population has grown steadily since 1960 due birth rates that have always been on the increase. The population of the United States has continued to decrease since 1960. Northeast states, such as Vermont and Connecticut, are expected to grow dramatically in the next ten years.

The growth has not been even throughout the United States.

True or False: Income enables purchases but does not generally cause or explain them.

True

True or False: Observable shifts in consumer behavior are often due to underlying shifts in cultural values.

True

True or False: The meaning of time varies between cultures in two major ways: time perspective and interpretations assigned to specific uses of time.

True

Companies which have been successful recently at targeting "involved dads" include the following except Kellogg's Yoplait Clorox Mattel Mattel and Yoplait

Yoplait

When did Americans begin to place increased emphasis on leisure, immediate gratification, and sensual gratification? after the end of World War II after the end of World War I during the Depression after the end of the Civil War after the Vietnam War

after the end of World War II

Which of the following is not a common single-item index of social class? education occupation income age All of these choices are common single-item indexes of social class.

age

Carl likes to support marketers that support causes or charities that are important to him. However, he is concerned about a marketer's motive behind cause-related marketing programs and uses good judgment on which ones to support. Carl is best described as belonging to which group of consumers? balancer apathetic skeptic attribution-oriented socially concerned

attribution-oriented

John was born in 1955, and he has only known prosperity in his lifetime. He remembers when President Kennedy was assassinated, primarily because his family purchased their first color television not long after that event. While he remembers the Vietnam War, he was too young to be drafted. To which generation does he belong? Generation Y pre-Depression generation baby boom generation Generation X Depression generation

baby boom generation

Which generation is considered to be more self-centered, individualistic, economically optimistic, skeptical, suspicious of authority, and focused on the present than other generations? Depression generation pre-Depression generation Generation Y Generation X baby boom generation

baby boom generation

The Mini Getaway Tour, in which owners of Mini Coopers gather for the purposes of interacting with one another in the context of learning about and using their Mini Coopers, are examples of a brand fest. brand event. consumption gathering. convention. consortium.

brand fest.

The upper-middle class achieve their social position primarily through their unusually high incomes. by their occupation and career orientation. through inherited position. through their children's accomplishments. All of these choices are correct.

by their occupation and career orientation.

Market mavens are more likely than the rest of the population to engage in which of the following behaviors? compare prices shop in stores switch brands All of these choices are correct. None of these choices are correct.

compare prices

Which of the following is not an example of an environment-oriented value? nature problem solving/fatalistic cleanliness tradition/change competitive/cooperative

competitive/cooperative

Consumers higher in individualism are more likely to __________ when faced with poor service performance. switch complain, switch, and engage in negative word-of-mouth complain and switch complain engage in negative word-of-mouth

complain, switch, and engage in negative word-of-mouth

Nicholas is examining how people in India perceive time, space, symbols, relationships, agreements, things, and etiquette. He is interested in these factors because they influence a. laws b. values c. demographics d. nonverbal communications e. language

d. nonverbal communications

Leigh received a digital camera for her birthday. She was able to figure this product out pretty easily because it only required a moderate change in how she used to take pictures. One thing she had to get used to was printing the pictures instead of taking a roll of film to a processor. This is an example of a __________ innovation. technological nontechnological dynamically continuous discontinuous continuous

dynamically continuous

What are the two major ways time varies between cultures? a. family and personal b. primary and secondary c. monochronic and polychronic d. work and leisure e. perspective and interpretation

e. perspective and interpretation

In Japan, the exchange of meishi is the most basic of social rituals in a nation where social ritual matters very much. The act of exchanging meishi is weighted with meaning. Once the social minuet is completed, the two know where they stand in relation to each other and their respective statures within the hierarchy of corporate or government bureaucracy. What is "meishi"? introductions by a third party formal invitation exchange of business cards shaking hands bows

exchange of business cards

Marie has purchased a brand that she has purchased before. However, the first time she used this brand, the product failed and she was dissatisfied. Unfortunately, the second time she purchased this brand, the same thing happened. She's frustrated and wants her money back, but she doesn't feel as though she has any control over this situation. She's decided that she just needs to accept this poor quality and not expect so much from the next product she purchases. Marie can be described as a(n) collectivist. fatalist. individualist. other-oriented consumer. cooperativist.

fatalist

Which term is used to refer to whether a person is biologically a male or female? gender gender, sex, and gender identity gender and sex sex gender identity

gender and sex

Which one of the four segments of world citizens feels positively about international brands because they view them as a signal of higher quality? global trendsetters global citizens global dreamers global agnostics antiglobals

global citizens

Tara is a marketing professor and is a member of the American Marketing Association. The members of this organization are associated with the discipline of marketing, either as academicians or as practitioners. The purpose of this organization is to disseminate research about marketing, to share best practices, and to foster the professional development of marketers. The American Marketing Associate is an example of a primary group. group. consumer group. cohort. generation.

group

Jamie wants to purchase a notebook computer, but she has limited product knowledge about computers other than how to turn one on and use it. She expects to pay over $1,000 for this computer, so this is an important decision for her and she wants to make the right choice. For Jamie, this represents a(n) high-involvement purchase situation. consumer dilemma. marketing dilemma. enduring purchase situation. Asch phenomenon.

high-involvement purchase situation.

Which of the following is one of the defining characteristics of American society? individualism aversion to change extended family status collectivism

individualism

Which type of reference group influence do marketers use when developing advertisements? informational and normative normative informational informational, normative, and identification identification

informational, normative, and identification

James used his birthday money to buy a skateboard so that he can be out with his friends at the park skateboarding. Which type of materialism does this represent? instrumental primary terminal means-end secondary

instrumental

Ralph is very prompt. If he says he will be there at 10:00 a.m., he will be there exactly at that time. Furthermore, he will not begin another task until he is completely done with the one he is currently working on. Which time perspective does Ralph have? parallel priority linear monochronic polychronic

monochronic

Several consumers rely on information they obtain from others they see as knowledgeable about a specific product they are interested in purchasing (i.e., opinion leaders) as well as information they learn from marketing communications (i.e., advertisements) and other people that are not experts in the product category. Which type of communication flow does this represent? rapid multistep two-step direct efficient

multistep

The __________ flow of communication involves opinion leaders for a particular product area who actively seek relevant information from the mass media as well as other sources. These opinion leaders process this information and transmit their interpretations of it to some members of their groups, and these group members also receive information from the mass media and other members who are not opinion leaders as well. direct dispersion two-step multistep inoculation

multistep

In the Hollingshead Index of Social Position, which is true? income is given a higher weight than occupation occupation is given a lower weight than education income is given a lower weight than education occupation is given the same weight as education occupation is given a higher weight than education

occupation is given a higher weight than education

Jill is a breast cancer survivor. She posts a blog, which is her online journal, on a site that is specifically for others to share their experiences and support one another. She and others discuss products that help them deal with the side effects of their treatments as well as products that can help them maintain their self-esteem (e.g., wigs). Jill is participating in a(n) consumption subculture. electronic community. subversive community. online consortium. online community.

online community.

Asian societies (i.e., Japan) value collective activity. That is, consumers look toward others for guidance in purchase decisions and do not respond favorably to promotional appeals focusing on individualism. Which category of cultural values does this represent? environment-oriented other-oriented group-oriented internally-oriented self-oriented

other-oriented

Samantha and Greg have owned an MG for several years and enjoy taking road trips through the Rockies with other MG owners every year. Which characteristic of brand communities does this illustrate? similarity brand traditions brand festing consumers of kind rituals and traditions

rituals and traditions

Violation of cultural norms results in __________, or penalties ranging from mild social disapproval to banishment from the group. norms proclamations sanctions sentencing ostracization

sanctions

As a marketing major, Stan is a collegiate member of the American Marketing Association. This association holds a collegiate conference every year, and he did attend it one year. While this is a group he belongs to, his ties to other members are relatively weak, and his interaction is infrequent. Which type of group is this? work group secondary group cohort group primary group tertiary group

secondary group

The value that Americans place on youth has shown a slow reversal toward more value being placed on age in recent years. decreased dramatically in recent years. remained unchanged in recent years. increased dramatically in recent years. shown a slight increase in recent years.

shown a slow reversal toward more value being placed on age in recent years.

With respect to demographics, which of the following refers to the number of individuals in a society? size structure dispersion concentration distribution

size

Which group of consumers doubts the sincerity or effectiveness of cause-related marketing programs? skeptic apathetic attribution-oriented socially concerned balancer

skeptic

The more consistent an individual is on all status dimensions, the greater the degree of __________ for the individual. status inflexibility status crystallization status permanence status maturity status flexibility

status crystallization

What has been found to improve the results of cause-related marketing programs? the amount of money donated the fit between the company and the cause supporting causes that help children longer commitments to supporting a cause supporting causes that help the environment

the fit between the company and the cause

Before a marketer can successfully launch a brand in a foreign country, several nonverbal communication factors need to be understood. One of these factors is time, and international marketers must understand a culture's overall orientation toward time. This is known as a culture's time interpretation. time meaning. time perspective. time symbolism. time relationship.

time perspective

The process of one person receiving information from the mass media or other sources and passing it on to others is known as the impersonal/personal flow of communication. direct flow of communication. multistep flow of communication. one-step flow of communication. two-step flow of communication.

two-step flow of communication.