Substance Abuse Screening & Assessment Instruments

POSIT = Problem Oriented Screening Instrument for Teenagers Purpose:

The POSIT provides a brief screening of adolescents for treatment and other services needs. It intended to identify troubled youths and can be used in a variety of settings.

Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) Groups with whom this instrument has been used:

All clients age 13 through 80 who can read and understand the instructions, and clients who cannot read (requires reading the statements to them).

Psychiatric Research Interview for Substance and Mental Disorders (PRISM) Clinical Utility:

Although primarily designed as a research instrument, the PRISM provides systematic coverage of alcohol and drug related experiences and symptoms that may be useful in identifying areas of focus for treatment. Additionally, the unusually high reliability of the depression diagnoses in individuals with heavy drinking may provide a better basis for treatment decisions than less consistent methods for assessing major depression and dysthymia.

M.I.N.I. Plus Format:

An abbreviated psychiatric structured interview that takes approximately 15 to 20 minutes to administer. It uses decision tree logic to assess the major adult Axis I disorders in DSMIV and ICD10. It elicits all the symptoms listed in the symptom criteria for DSMIV and ICD10 for 15 major Axis I diagnostic categories, one Axis II disorder, and for suicidality. Its diagnostic algorithms are consistent with DSMIV and ICD10 diagnostic algorithms.

Strong Campbell Purpose:

As such, career assessments may be used in career counseling. The goal of this assessment is to give insight into a person's interests, so that they may have less difficulty in deciding on an appropriate career choice for themselves. It is also frequently used for educational guidance as one of the most popular career assessment tools. The test was developed in 1927 by psychologist Edward Kellog Strong, Jr. to help people exiting the military find suitable jobs.

DOPERS = Drug Offender Profile Evaluation Referral Strategies:

Assesses suspected drug-involved adult probationers. Helps determine specific supervision and treatment recommendations. It is an interview format that format that takes approximately 25 minutes to complete. A 2 1/2 day training session is required to use the instrument.

M.I.N.I. Plus Purpose:

Assists in the assessment and tracking of patients with greater efficiency and accuracy.

Addiction Severity Index (ASI) Administrator training and qualifications:

Yes Administrator training and qualifications: A self training packet is available as well as onsite training by experienced trainers. Fee for use: No cost; minimal charges for photocopying and mailing may apply.

MMPI= Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Format:

Psychologists and other mental health professionals use various versions of the MMPI to develop treatment plans; assist with differential diagnosis; help answer legal questions (forensic psychology); screen job candidates during the personnel selection process; or as part of a therapeutic assessment procedure.

Psychiatric Research Interview for Substance and Mental Disorders (PRISM) Purpose:

Purpose: The instrument was designed to maximize reliability and validity in community samples, alcohol, drug, and co-occurring disorder treatment samples.

Addiction Severity Index (ASI) Groups with whom this instrument has been used:

Designed for adults of both sexes who are not intoxicated (drugs or alcohol) when interviewed. Also available in Spanish.

Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) Format:

A 10 items screening questionnaire with 3 questions on the amount and frequency of drinking, 3 questions on alcohol dependence, and 4 on problems caused by alcohol. Administration time: 2 minutes Scoring time: 1 minute Computer scoring? No

SSI-SSA = Simple Screening Instrument for Substance Abuse (Interview Form)

A 16-item screening instrument that examines symptoms of both alcohol and drug dependence. An expert panel developed the SSI-SA as a tool for out-reach workers. The SSI-SA, which can be administered without training, includes items related to alcohol and drug use, preoccupation and loss of control, adverse consequences of use, problem recognition, and tolerance and withdrawal effects. SSI-SSA = identifies three specific domains, physical, psychological, and social domains.

Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) Format:

A 20 item instrument that may be given in either a self report or a structured interview format; a "yes" or "no" response is requested from each of 20 questions. Administration time: 5 minutes. Scoring time: N/A.

Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) Clinical Utility:

A 25 item questionnaire designed to provide a rapid and effective screen for lifetime alcohol related problems and alcoholism.

Level of Care Utilization System (LOCUS) Format:

A five point scale is constructed for each dimension and the criteria for assigning a given rating or score in that dimension are elaborated. In dimension IV, two subscales are defined, while all other dimensions contain only one scale.

Psychiatric Research Interview for Substance and Mental Disorders Administration (PRISM):

Administration time: 1 to 3 hours. Scoring time: Immediately. Computer scoring? Yes Administrator training and qualifications: Interviewer should have at least a master's degree in a clinical field and some clinical experience. Training is required for administration.

Circumstances, Motivation, and Readiness Scales (CMR Scales) Administration:

Administration time: 5 to 10 minutes. Scoring time: Can be easily scored by reversing negatively worded items and summing the item values. Computer scoring? No. Administrator training and qualifications: Self administered; no training required for administration. Fee for use: No.

M.I.N.I. Plus Administrator training and qualifications:

Administrator training and qualifications: The M.I.N.I. was designed to be used by trained interviewers who do not have training in psychiatry or psychology.

CAGE Questionnaire Groups with whom this instrument has been used:

Adults and adolescents (over 16 years).

Global Appraisal of Individual Needs (GAIN) Groups with whom this instrument has been used:

Adults and adolescents. Format: The content of the GAIN is divided into eight areas: background and treatment arrangements, substance use, physical health, risk behaviors, mental health, environment, score in that dimension are elaborated. In dimension IV, two subscales are defined, while all other dimensions contain only one scale.

Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) Groups with whom this instrument has been used:

Adults, particularly primary care, emergency room, surgery, and psychiatric patients; DWI offenders; criminals in court, jail, and prison; enlisted men in the armed forces; and workers in employee assistance programs and industrial settings.

Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment (CIWA-AR)Clinical Utility:

Aid to adjustment of care related to withdrawal severity.

Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) Computer Scoring:

Computer scoring? No. The DAST is planned to yield only one total or summary score ranging from 0 to 20, which is computed by summing all items that are endorsed in the direction of increased drug problems.

Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment (CIWA-AR)Purpose:

Converts DSMIIIR items into scores to track severity of withdrawal; measures severity of alcohol withdrawal.

Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) Format Administrator training and qualifications:

Doctoral level training or masters level training with supervision by a doctoral level clinician are required to interpret test results.

QIAD = Quantitative Inventory of Alcohol Disorder

Each item on this 22 item self-item report instrument is rated on a 5-point scale. It takes 10 to 12 minutes to completed. It assesses the severity of alcohol problems during the month before administration of the test.

M.I.N.I. Plus

Fee for use: The M.I.N.I. is made available at no charge on the Internet, mainly for researchers and clinicians who may make single copies of the M.I.N.I. for their own use. When the M.I.N.I. is used in a research study or published paper, appropriate credit should be given for its use. The proper citation is provided on the last page of the M.I.N.I administration. Training for the administrator involves a self study manual, ratings of videotapes of interviews, and small group sessions with an experienced trainer. Fee for use: No.

Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) Administrator training and qualifications:

For a qualified drug counselor, only a careful reading and adherence to the instructions in the "DAST Guidelines for Administration and Scoring," which is provided, is required. No other training is required. Fee for use: The DAST form and scoring key are available either without cost or at nominal cost.

Addiction Severity Index (ASI) Format:

Format: Structured interview Administration time: 50 minutes to 1 hour Scoring time: 5 minutes for severity rating Computer scoring?

Global Appraisal of Individual Needs (GAIN):

Groups with whom this instrument has been used: Adults Format: A document that is divided into three sections. Administration time: 15 to 30 minutes Scoring time: 20 minutes Computer scoring? No Administrator training and qualifications: N/A Fee for use: No

Circumstances, Motivation, and Readiness Scales (CMR Scales) Group:

Groups with whom this instrument has been used with is Adults. Format: 18 items at approximately a third grade reading level. Responses to the items consist of a 5 point Likert scale on which the individual rates each item on a scale from Strongly Disagree to Strongly Agree. Versions are also available in Spanish and Norwegian.

M.I.N.I. Plus Group:

Groups with whom this instrument has been used: Adults

Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment (CIWA-AR)Groups:

Groups with whom this instrument has been used: Adults Format: A 10item scale for clinical quantification of the severity of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Administration time: 2 minutes. Scoring time: 4 to 5 minutes. Computer scoring? No.

Psychiatric Research Interview for Substance and Mental Disorders (PRISM) Groups with whom this instrument has been used:

Groups with whom this instrument has been used: Adults Format: The PRISM is a semi-structured clinician administered interview that measures DSMIII, DSMIIIR, and DSMIV diagnoses (current and past) of alcohol, drug, and psychiatric disorders and continuous measures of severity, organic, etiology, treatment, and functional impairment.

Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) Groups with whom this instrument has been used:

Groups with whom this instrument has been used: Adults Format: Consists of 25 questions Administration time: 10 minutes Scoring time: 5 minutes Computer scoring? No Administrator training and qualifications: No training required. Fee for use: Fee for a copy but no fee for use.

Level of Care Utilization System (LOCUS) Groups with whom this instrument has been used:

Groups with whom this instrument has been used: Adults. Format: A document that is divided into three sections. Administration time: 15 to 30 minutes Scoring time: 20 minutes Computer scoring? No Administrator training and qualifications: N/A Fee for use: No.

Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) Groups with whom this instrument has been used:

Individuals with at least a sixth grade reading level.

Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) Each Item:

Is a list of four statements arranged in increasing severity about a particular symptom of depression. These new items bring the BDI-II into alignment with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSMIV) criteria.

JASAE = Juvenile Automated Substance Abuse Evaluation Format:

It a 102 item self-administered questionnaire written at the fifth grade level. It can be given individually or in groups. Available in English and Spanish and on auditor tape for those with reading difficulties. Personnel key responses in a computer. Administration takes approximately 20 minutes keying in responses takes 5 minutes.

DUSI = Drug Use Screening Inventory Screening Instrument:

It consists of a Personal History Form, Drug Use Screening Instrument and demographic, medical and treatment prevention summary plan. A sixth grade reading level is needed and completion takes 20 to 40 minutes. Scoring takes 15 to 20 minutes.

POSIT = Problem Oriented Screening Instrument for Teenagers Format:

It is useful for developing treatment and referral plans. It is a 139 item self-administered questionnaire designed for use with youth 12 to 19 years old. It requires a sixth grade reading level.

Strong Campbell Format:

It was revised later by Jo-Ida Hansen, and David Campbell. The modern version of 2004 is based on the Holland Codes typology of psychologist John L. Holland. The Strong is designed for high school students, college students, and adults, and was found to be at about the ninth-grade reading level. Unfortunately, the newly revised Strong is available only in English, unlike the previous version.

CAGE Questionnaire Administrator training and qualifications:

No training required for administration; it is easy to learn, easy to remember, and easy to replicate. Fee for use: No

PMES = Prevention Intervention Management and Evaluation System Purpose:

Items related to both alcohol and other drug problems constitute this 150 item instrument designed to assess substance abuse and other life problems of adolescents; assist in treatment planning; and provide follow-up assessment and evaluation data on treatment outcome.

Level of Care Utilization System (LOCUS) Clinical Utility:

LOCUS is divided into three sections. The first section defines six evaluation parameters or dimensions: (1) risk of harm; (2) functional status; (3) medical, addictive, and psychiatric comorbidity; (4) recovery environment; (5) treatment and recovery history; and (6) engagement.

SASSI = Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (Adult or Adolescent Version) Format:

May be administered in booklet or computer from. Can be given to individuals or groups. Requires about a third grade reading level. Requires 10 to 15 minutes to complete and about 1 minutes to score.

PEI = Personal Experience Inventory Format:

PEI also screen for the presence of problems other then substance abuse; and aid in determining appropriateness of inpatient or outpatient treatment. A sixth grade reading level is needed to take the self-administered assessment which takes 45 to 60 minutes. The 147 item questionnaire is available in pencil and paper and computerized versions.

Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) Format:

Paper and pencil self administered test. Administration time: 5 minutes, either self administered or administered verbally by a trained administrator. Scoring time: N/A. Computer scoring? No. Any staff member can perform the simple scoring.

Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) Clinical Utility:

Screening and case finding; level of treatment and treatment/goal planning.

Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) Clinical Utility:

The BDI-II consists of 21 items to assess the intensity of depression. The BDIII can be used to assess the intensity of a client's depression, and it can also be used as a screening device to determine whether there is any current indication of the need for a referral for further evaluation.

Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime (TASC):

TASC is one of the earliest models for case management services in the criminal justice system was created in 1972, when the White House launched a demonstration program know as Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime. Interview format that takes 90 to 120 minutes to complete. It assesses need, motivation, and level of treatment for drug-involved offender populations. Should be performed by a trained clinical.

Addiction Severity Index (ASI) Clinical Utility:

The ASI has been used extensively for treatment planning and outcome evaluation. Outcome evaluation packages for individual programs or for treatment systems are available.

Addiction Severity Index (ASI) Purpose:

The ASI is most useful as a general intake screening tool. It effectively assesses a client's status in several areas, and the composite score measures how a client's need for treatment changes over time.

Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) Administrator training and qualifications:

The AUDIT is administered by a health professional or paraprofessional. Training is required for administration. A detailed user's manual and a videotape training module explain proper administration, procedures, scoring, interpretation, and clinical management. Fee for use: No

Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) Clinical Utility:

The AUDIT screening procedure is linked to a decision process that includes brief intervention with heavy drinkers or referral to specialized treatment for patients who show evidence of more serious alcohol involvement.

CAGE Questionnaire Clinical Utility:

The CAGE Questionnaire is a very useful bedside, clinical desk instrument and has become the favorite of many family practice and general internists—also very popular in nursing.

ADAS = American Drug and Alcohol Survey:

This a 57-item self-report instrument. It requires 20 to 25 minutes to complete. It develops a typology of 9 styles of use of drugs that are listed in order of increasing severity of drug involvement.

Global Appraisal of Individual Needs (GAIN) Purpose:

The GAIN embeds questions for documenting substance use disorder, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, and pathological gambling.

Global Appraisal of Individual Needs (GAIN) Clinical Utility

The GAIN includes dimensional patient placement criteria for intoxication/withdrawal, health distress, mental distress, and environment distress to guide movement among and between levels of care; treatment planning; reporting requirements related to the State client data system; and measures of a core set of clinical status and service utilization outcomes used in the Drug Outcome Monitoring Study.

Global Appraisal of Individual Needs (GAIN) Purpose:

The GAIN was developed to implement an integrated bio-psychosocial model of treatment assessment, planning, and outcome monitoring that can be used for evaluation, clinical practice, and administrative purposes.

M.I.N.I. Plus Clinical Utility:

The M.I.N.I. is not designed or intended to be used in place of a full medical and psychiatric evaluation by a qualified licensed physician psychiatrist. It is intended only as a tool to facilitate accurate data collection and processing of symptoms elicited by trained personnel.

MMPI= Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Purpose:

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is the most widely used and researched standardized psychometric test of adult personality and psychopathology.

Stanford-Binet

The Stanford-Binet (SB) - the best and most popular intelligence test is a Cognitive ability assessment used to measure intelligence (IQ). The Stanford-Binet measures five factors of cognitive ability: Fluid Reasoning, Knowledge, Quantitative Reasoning, Visual-Spatial Processing, and Working Memory. Each of these factors is tested in two separate domains, verbal and nonverbal.

Circumstances, Motivation, and Readiness Scales (CMR Scales) Clinical utility:

The instrument consists of four derived scales measuring external pressure to enter treatment, external pressure to leave treatment, motivation to change, and readiness for treatment. Items were developed from focus groups of recovering staff and clients and retain much of the original language. Clients entering substance abuse treatment perceive the items as relevant to their experience.

Circumstances, Motivation, and Readiness Scales (CMR Scales) Purpose:

The instrument is designed to predict retention in treatment and is applicable to both residential and outpatient treatment modalities.

Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) Purpose:

The purpose of the AUDIT is to identify persons whose alcohol consumption has become hazardous or harmful to their health.

CAGE Questionnaire Purpose:

The purpose of the CAGE Questionnaire is to detect alcoholism.

Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) Purpose:

The purpose of the DAST is (1) to provide a brief, simple, practical, but valid method for identifying individuals who are abusing psychoactive drugs; and (2) to yield a quantitative index score of the degree of problems related to drug use and misuse.

PMES = Prevention Intervention Management and Evaluation System Format:

There is a client intake from and the information from on family, friends, and self. It requires a sixth grade reading level and takes approximately 1 hour to administer and 10 to 15 minutes to score.

ADL = Adolescent Drinking Index Format:

There is also paper ad pencil format. It screens for random, inattentive, or inconsistent test-taking behavior and for defensiveness, , or social desirability tendencies. The test requires a sixth grade reading level and takes 15 to 25 minutes to complete.

DUSI = Drug Use Screening Inventory Purpose:

This 149 item instrument evaluates adolescent drug use and the youth's health, psychiatric, and psychosocial problems, identifies problem areas, and quantitatively monitors treatment progress and outcome.

T-ACE Questionnaire:

This instrument is designed to identify pregnant women who consume quantities of alcohol that potentially can damage the fetus. It takes approximately 1 minutes to complete and incorporates tree items of the CAGE Questionnaire. In addition, it assesses alcohol tolerance.

CDP = Comprehensive Drinker Profile:

This is 88 item structured interview questionnaire. It is designed to provide a history drinking practices and problems. It incorporates the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test. It requires from 1 to 2 hours administer.

SMAST = Short Michigan Alcohol Screening Test:

This is a 13 item questionnaire to identify alcohol problems. It reviews and individual's drinking habits, history and alcohol-related problems. Takes approximately 15 minutes to completed and requires a seventh grade reading level.

CDAP = Chemical Dependency Assessment Profile:

This is a 235 item multiple choice and true false self report instrument to assess alcohol and other drug use and chemical dependency problems. Can be administered by computer or in paper and pencil format. A computerized report can be generated.

ADL = Adolescent Drinking Index:

This is a 24 item paper and pencil test self-report rating scale intended to measure the severity of drinking problem. Completion time is about 5 mutes; youth need fifth grade reading skills.

ADL = Adolescent Drinking Index Items on the Test:

This is a 24 item paper and pencil test self-report rating scale intended to measure the severity of drinking problems. completion time is about 5 minutes; youth need fifth grade reading skills.

ADI = Adolescent Drinking Inventory

This is a 25 question self-report instrument to screen adolescents It focuses on drinking related loss of control and social, psychological and physical symptoms of alcohol problems.

ADS = Alcohol Dependence Scale

This is a 25-item multiple-choice questionnaire to assess the Alcohol Dependence Syndrome. It is derived from the Alcohol Use Inventory. It yields an index of severity of alcohol dependence.

SAAST = Self-Administered Alcoholism Screening Test

This is a 34-item questionnaire or interview with a yes-no format. There is also an abbreviated 9-item version. Considered useful for screening medical patients for alcoholism.

SASSI = Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (Adult or Adolescent Version) Purpose:

This is a 52 item self-administered true-false questionnaire. Many items appear to be unrelated to substance abuse, but items allow clients to self-report negative consequences of substance use.

JASAE = Juvenile Automated Substance Abuse Evaluation Purpose:

This is a computer assisted instrument for assessing alcohol and other drug use behavior in adolescents. It is suggested for use with follow-up interview to provide focus and conserve the amount of time necessary to conduct the interview.

PESQ = Personal Experience Screening Questionnaire Purpose:

This is a self-report screening questionnaire for use with adolescents suspected of abusing alcohol or other drugs. It is 40 item questionnaire. It requires a fourth grade reading level and can be administered to individuals or in groups. It takes about 10 minutes to administer ad score it.

MDI = MACH Drug Involvement Scale:

This is a standardized interview in computer format that can be self-administered. It takes about 30 minutes to administer and results are generated immediately. The MDI scale is used to identify adolescent drug involvement. It is available in English and Swedish.

SARA = Substance Abuse Relapse Assessment Purpose:

This is a structured interview developed for used by substance abuse treatment professional to help recovering individuals recognize signs of and avoid relapse.

OPI = Offender Profile Index:

This is an interview format that can be completed in approximately 30 minutes. It is designed to be used with suspected drug-involved adult defendants/offenders to determine specific drug intervention disposition.

PSI = Problem Severity Index:

This s a structured interview developed to identify, document and respond to drug/alcohol abuse as well as problems in other important areas of functioning among adolescents entering the juvenile court system Administration takes 45 to 60 minutes.

SAQ = Substance Abuse Questionnaire:

This self-administered instrument targets adult probationers. It assesses risks and needs and presents treatment recommendations. Requires computer and is available in English or Spanish.

CASIA = Comprehensive Addiction Severity Index for Adolescents:

This structured interview was designed to evaluate drug and alcohol use and psychosocial severity in adolescent populations in a variety of settings. It is administered by an assessor to the youth and takes approximately 45 to 60 minutes. A computerized scoring technique takes about 45 minutes to enter and 10 minutes to score.

ACHI = Assessment of Chemical Health Inventory:

This test has a 128 item self-administered instrument assess the nature and extent of substance abuse and extent of substance abuse and associated psychosocial problems and facilitates communications between treatment providers.

PEI = Personal Experience Inventory Purpose:

This two-part instrument is designed to assess the extent of psychological and behavioral issues with alcohol and drug problems; assess psychosocial risk factors associated with teenage chemical involvement and evaluate response bias or invalid responding.

Level of Care Utilization System (LOCUS) Purpose:

To assess immediate service needs (e.g., for clients in crisis); to plan resource needs over time, as in assessing service requirements for defined populations; to monitor changes in status or placement at different points in time.

Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment (CIWA-AR)Administrator training and qualifications:

Training is required and the CIWA is administered by nurses, doctors, and research associates/detoxification unit workers.

SARA = Substance Abuse Relapse Assessment Format:

Used mostly with adult populations. Contains 41 questions administered in paper and pencil format. Takes approximately 60 minutes to complete. The results are interpreted individually by the assessor.

AEQ = Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire:

Used to gauge high risk circumstances that may lead to alcohol use.

IDS = Inventory of Drinking Situations:

Used to identify emotional, cognitive, and social factors that may precipitate drinking.

Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) Purpose:

Used to screen for alcoholism with a variety of populations.

Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) Purpose:

Used to screen for the presence and rate the severity of depression symptoms.

CAGE Questionnaire Format:

Very brief, relatively non confrontational questionnaire for detection of alcoholism, usually directed "have you ever" but may be focused to delineate past or present. Administration time: Less than 1 minute. Scoring time: Instantaneous. Computer scoring? No