SVHS Chemistry 5.1 Atomic Models
How many s-orbitals might there be in an energy level of an atom?
1
An atom of mercury has a filled d-sublevel in its 5th energy level. How many electrons would that d-sublevel contain?
10 electrons (5 orbitals, 2 electrons each)
What is the maximum number of electrons in a full d sublevel?
10; 5 orbitals x 2e- each
What is the maximum number of electrons in a full f sublevel?
14; 7 orbitals x 2e- each
An atom of arsenic has a filled third energy level. How many electrons would that be?
18 electrons; 2n^2-- 2(3)^2 =18
How many possible sublevels in the 2nd energy level?
2, the s and p
What is the maximum number of electrons in a s orbital
2; 1 orbital x 2e-
In what energy level are p orbitals first found
2nd energy level
How many p orbitals might there be in an energy level of an atom?
3
How many possible sublevels in the 3rd energy level?
3, s, p, and d.
An atom of lead has a filled 4th energy level, how many electrons in the 4th energy of a lead atom?
32 electrons; 2n^2 -- 2(4)^2 = 32
In what energy level are d orbitals first found?
3rd energy level
How many possible sublevels in the 4th energy level?
4: s, p, d, and f
In what energy level are f orbitals first found?
4th energy level
How many d orbitals might there be in an energy level of an atom?
5
What is the maximum number of electrons in a full p sublevel?
6; 3 orbitals x 2 e- each
How many f orbitals might there be in an energy level of an atom?
7
Quantum Number
A number that specify the properties of atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in orbitals. There are four (4) quantum numbers used to describe orbitals and atoms.
Bohr Atomic Model
Electrons move in circular orbits at fixed distances from the nucleus. To move to a higher orbit an electron must absorb energy. To drop to a lower orbit the electrons must emit energy.
Plum Pudding Model
Model developed by Thomson that shows that negative particles (electrons) are floating in a positive sea of charge.
Atomic Orbital
Often thought of as a region of space in the atom, in which there is a high probability of finding an electron. s has 1 orbital, p has 3 orbitals, d has 5 orbitals, f has 7 orbitals. 2 electrons can occupy any single orbital.
Dalton Atomic Model
Solid sphere. The atoms are indivisible and indestructible.
Principal Quantum Number
The quantum number that indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron. First quantum number, designated with the letter "n".
Angular Momentum Quantum Number
The quantum number that indicates the shape of an orbital: s, p, d, and f.
Magnetic Quantum Number
Third quantum number, designated m(ϑ). Tells us the orientation of the orbitals around the nucleus. s orbital has one, p has three orientations, d has 5 orientations, and f has 7 orientations.
Nuclear Atomic Model
This model was developed by Rutherford. The nucleus is in the center of the atom. The nucleus is very small, dense and positive. Electrons are in random orbits surrounding the nucleus.
Name the shapes of the different sublevels.
s ,p, d, and f s - spherical, p- kind of like a peanut, d- kind of like a double peanut, f- kind of like a flower.
What shape of orbital could be found in any/all energy levels?
s orbitals
How many main energy levels are there in an atom?
up to 7 with the current atoms we know of.
Spin Quantum Number
Indicates the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital ms; describes the spin of a particle; +1/2 and -1/2
Electron Cloud Model
Model accepted today. States that electrons exist in a "Cloud" around the nucleus of the atom. The rapid random motion of the electrons give the outer part of the atom a "cloud-like" appearance. The electronic motion gives the atom its volume and shape. Electrons "reside" in regions of high probability called orbitals.
f orbital shape
What orbital do these represent?
d orbital shape
What orbital does this represent
p orbital shape
What orbital does this represent?
s orbital shape
What orbital does this represent?