SYG2000 Chapter 6. Social Control and Deviance InQuizitive

In this image from 1944, a mob marches two French women accused of collaborating with the Nazis through the streets of Paris. Given this event, identify the functions of social sanctions, according to Durkheim.

-Social sanctions bring people together as they act to deal with offenders. -Social sanctions reinforce the boundaries of acceptable behavior.

Dalton Conley describes the paradoxical relationship between deviance and social cohesion in this animation. Identify the examples of how the deviant member of a society ends up contributing to the strengthening of the social fabric, according to Conley.

-The deviant member publicly reminds everyone of the line between what is acceptable and what is not. -The other members of the group join together in order to punish and/or rehabilitate the offender.

Identify the distinguishing features of a symbolic interactionist theory of social deviance.

-a recognition of the impact of assigning labels to behaviors and to people -a focus on individual psychology rather than the social dynamics of large populations

Match each description of a society or social group to the type of suicide that, according to Durkheim, would be most common among its members.

-an urban setting with few community or religious institutions and little contact between neighbors- Correct label: egoistic -a new age cult in which members live, work, and socialize only with one another- Correct label: altruistic

Identify the factors that make someone a social deviant, according to Robert Merton.

-not recognizing or not accepting socially approved goals -failure to recognize and accept socially approved means of achieving one's goals

Identify the circumstances in which crimes are more likely to be reported.

-the aftermath of a media campaign about the risk high crime rates can create for vulnerable members of society -a college campus where administrators have advertised multiple ways to report crimes and encouraged community members to come forward -a quiet neighborhood where crimes rarely occur

In this video interview with Dalton Conley, sociologist Victor Rios offers a critique of the standard approach to keeping at-risk youth out of trouble. Identify the functions of the Youth Control Complex, according to Rios.

-to punish young people -to stigmatize young people -to criminalize young people

Fill in the blanks to complete the passage about Foucault's views on the history of social control methods. Foucault draws several contrasts between premodern and modern penal practices: where premodern practice targets the ____modern practice targets the____; where premodern practice is____, modern practice is________; and where premodern practice is about_______modern practice is about_____

1. BODY 2.SOUL 3.punitive 4. reformative 5. spectacle 6. surveillance

According to deterrence theory, crime occurs because people make a(n)____regarding the______and____of crime. Based on this theory, programs that monitor former____are meant to prevent_____

1. Rational calculation; 2.costs; 3.benefits; 4.criminals; 5.recidivism

Some crime prevention researchers believe that increasing police presence in an area leads to higher crime statistics in that neighborhood. A chain of events can produce this paradoxical result in several ways. Place the events in chronological order.

1. more police are sent to a troubled area 2. the arrest rate rises 3. more members of the neighborhood are convicted and incarcerated 4. convicts released from prison have a hard time finding jobs 5. unable to find legitimate employment, ex-convits return to crime (so the corresponding statistics go up)

Identify the likely applications of the broken windows theory of social deviance.

APPLICATIONS: -graffiti-proofing walls with a wash-off coating -a crackdown on petty crime, like drinking in public

Consider the following four cases of suicide. -Albert has no friends and does not feel any emotional connection with his coworkers or even with his own family members. He kills himself because he does not see any point in continuing with his life. -Bernice became wealthy almost overnight as a result of extremely lucky financial investments. She quit her job, spent lavishly on gifts for friends, family, and associates, but finds it impossible to settle into a new, happy, routine. Instead, feeling increasingly disoriented and adrift, she deliberately overdoses on sedatives. -Carlotta, sentenced to life in prison for a crime she did not commit, and unable to stand the unvarying daily routine of prison life, hangs herself with a bed sheet. -Dan, a lieutenant in the Marines, is disciplined and then discharged for leadership mistakes in battle that led to the death of two soldiers in his platoon. Despondent about the deaths of the soldiers and the loss of his military career, he kills himself a few months after his discharge. Place each person in the appropriate location of the graph, based on Durkheim's theory of the causes of suicide.

Bernice - The box far left. Dan - The box up Albert- The box below Carlotta- the box to the right.

In labeling theory, what is the difference between primary and secondary deviance?

Secondary deviance is an eventual effect of primary deviance, where deviance begins.

The graph shows the number of persons executed in the United States each year from 1976 to 2017, broken down by race. Based on this information, what can be said about Durkheim's views on modern versus premodern punishment?

The graph suggests that the death penalty has more staying power than Durkheim would have expected.

Match each social theorist to his work.

applied labeling theory to the question how deviance begins- Correct label: Howard S. Becker offered a functionalist theory of the causes of suicide- Correct label: Émile Durkheim applied social interactionist theory to the dynamics of total institutions- Erving Goffman developed strain theory as a functionalist account of social deviance- Robert Merton

Durkheim's theory of suicide hypothesized that a seemingly private and individual act, suicide, is influenced by the social factors of integration and social control. Select the quadrant that best represents the levels of integration and social control experienced by someone who is new to town and doesn't know anyone, and who is deeply religious and follows strict rules regarding morality.

click the fourth box. bottom right.

Match each character type in Robert Merton's strain theory of deviance to its definition.

embraces socially acceptable goals but rejects the means to achieve those goals- Correct label: innovator embraces socially acceptable goals and the means to achieve those goals- Correct label: conformist rejects both socially acceptable goals and the means to achieve the goals, and does not participate in society- Correct label: retreatist embraces socially acceptable means but rejects the goals- Correct label: ritualist rejects both socially acceptable goals and the means to achieve the goals, and wants to change or destroy the social order- Correct label: rebel

Identify each behavioral sanction as either formal or informal.

formal: -A parent explains to a child that the law requires kids to go to school. -A police officer directs traffic near the venue of a major sporting event.

What, in broad terms, is the definition of social deviance?

modes of action that do not conform to the norms or values held by most members of the group or society

Match each form of social sanction to its purpose.

to transform the wrongdoer into a productive member of society- Correct label: rehabilitative to enact vengeance on the wrongdoer- Correct label: punitive to restore the status quo that existed before the offense- restitutive