Teaching and learning - NCLEX

A nurse is attending a class about a new intravenous pump presented by the hospital staff education department. What is this type of educational program? 1. Continuing education program 2. Inservice education program 3. Certification program 4. Orientation program

2. In-service education program

Which word best describes the nurse's role when functioning as a teacher? 1. Provide 2. Comfort 3. Empower 4. Collaborate

3. Empower

A nurse is planning teaching about weight reduction strategies to an obese patient. Before implementing the teaching plan the nurse first should assess the patients: 1. Intelligence 2. Experience 3. Motivation 4. Strengths

3. Motivation

A nurse is teaching a patient with a hearing impairment. What should the nurse do? 1. Limit educational sessions to 10 minutes 2. Provide information in written format 3. Use at least 2 teaching methods 4. Teach in group settings

3. Use at least 2 teaching methods

A nurse is teaching an older adult how to perform a dressing change. Which nursing action is most important to address the developmental stress of aging? 1. Speak louder when talking to the patient 2. Use terminology understandable to the patient 3. Have the patient provide a return demonstration 4. Allow more time for the patient to process information

4. Allow more time for the patient to process information

A nurse is teaching a postoperative patient deep breathing and coughing exercises. Which method of instruction is most appropriate in this situation? 1. Explanation 2. Demonstration 3. Video presentation 4. Brochure with pictures

2. Demonstration

When teaching students about how to provide culturally sensitive care to a diverse group of patients, which teaching strategy should the nurse use? 1) Demonstration 2) Lecture 3) Online sources of information 4) Role modeling

4) Role modeling

A nurse is assessing a patient to determine educational needs. Which is most important for the nurse to consider? 1. Make no assumptions about the patient 2. Teaching may be informal or formal in nature 3. The teaching plan should be documented on appropriate records 4. A copy of the teaching/learning contract should be given to the patient

1. Make no assumptions about the patient

A nurse is teaching a preschool-age child. What teaching method is most appropriate for the nurse to use when teaching a child in this age group? 1. Demonstrations 2. Coloring books 3. Small groups 4. Videos

2. Coloring books

A nurse is designing a teaching-learning program for a patient who is to be discharged from the hospital. What should the nurse do first? 1. Identify the patient's locus of control 2. Use a variety of teaching methods appropriate for the patient 3. Formulate an achievable, measurable, and realistic patient goal 4. Assess the patient's current understanding of the content to be taught

4. Assess the patient's current understanding of the content to be taught

A nurse is planning teaching about weight-reduction strategies to an obese patient. Which should the nurse assess first before implementing the teaching plan? 1. Intelligence 2. Experience 3. Motivation 4. Strengths

3. Motivation If the patient does not recognize the need to learn or value the information to be learned, the patient will not be ready to learn.

The nurse is teaching a patient newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus about how to best manage his blood sugar. Which outcome in the patient's plan of care is associated with the cognitive domain of learning? The patient: 1) identifies the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. 2) nods affirmatively with direct eye contact. 3) demonstrates fingerstick glucose monitoring. 4) independently self-administers insulin.

1) Identifies signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia.

What are some ways that the nurse may reinforce patient teaching? Select all that apply. 1) Respond by saying, "What questions do you have?" 2) Ask, "Do you understand the instructions?" 3) Say, "Show me how you would change your ostomy bag." 4) Verbally repeat steps the patient has questions about. 5) Provide a printed pamphlet for the patient to take home.

1) Respond by saying, "What questions do you have?" 3) Say, "Show me how you would change your ostomy bag." 5) Provide a printed pamphlet for the patient to take home.

During family therapy, to improve communication skills the nurse teaches family members to rehearse responses to situations involving interpersonal conflict. What is the primary drawback of using this teaching strategy? 1) Some people might have difficulty with an interactive approach when there is conflict among participants. 2) Nurses might rehearse responses that are not effective for resolving interpersonal conflict. 3) Nurses don't use the rehearsal technique because it's an inefficient use of time for participants. 4) This type of interactive teaching strategy is not as effective as dispersing information verbally or in print.

1) Some people might have difficulty with an interactive approach when there is conflict among participants.

A patient asks the nurse, "What does 96 indicate when my blood pressure is 140 over 96?" What is the best response by the nurse? 1. "The 96 is the pressure within an artery when the heart is resting between beats." 2. "The 96 reflects the lowest pressure within a vein when blood moves through it." 3. "Everyone is different so it's really relative to each individual what it means." 4. "Let's talk about the concerns you may have about your blood pressure."

1. "The 96 is the pressure within an artery when the heart is resting between beats."

A nurse is to teach a patient how to change a dressing and irrigate a wound that resulted from the separation of wound edges of an incision and that is healing by secondary intention. The nurse reviews the primary health-care provider's orders, obtains the patient's vital signs, and assesses the patient. Which should the nurse do next? 1. Administer the prescribed pain medication and reassess the patient in 30 minutes. 2. Teach the patient how to irrigate the wound and change the dressing. 3. Notify the primary health-care provider of the patient's status. 4. Wait 15 minutes and retake the patient's vital signs.

1. Administer the prescribed pain medication and reassess the patient in 30 minutes. The patient's pulse, respirations, and blood pressure are all slightly increased. These adaptations probably are being caused by the release of catecholamines resulting from the pain the patient is experiencing. Moderate to severe pain will interfere with learning. The patient will have difficulty concentrating on the task at hand. The nurse should postpone the teaching session, administer the prescribed pain medication, and reassess the patient in 30 minutes. The teaching session can be reinstituted after the pain is reduced.

Which best describes a patient with an external locus of control? Select all that apply. 1. Behaving appropriately to obtain the right to watch a television program 2. Is self-motivated when implementing health promotion behaviors 3. Wants to please family members with efforts to get well 4. Understands the expected outcome of therapy 5. Is a self-actualized adult

1. Behaving appropriately to obtain the right to watch a television program 3. Wants to please family members with efforts to get well

Which describes a patient with an external locus of control? Select all that apply. 1. Behaving appropriately to obtain the right to watch a television program 2. Is self-motivated when implementing health promotion behaviors 3. Wants to please family members with efforts to get well 4. Understands the expected outcome of therapy 5. Is a self-actualized adult

1. Behaving appropriately to obtain the right to watch a television program The person with an external locus of control is motivated by rewards that center on privileges, incentives, or praise received from pleasing significant others or members of the health-care team. Watching television is a privilege in this situation. 3. Wants to please family members with efforts to get well Pleasing others precipitates feedback that is often viewed as positive by the recipient. Positive verbal or nonverbal communication from another is an external reward.

A nurse is providing health teaching for a patient with a comprehension deficit. Which is the best intervention by the nurse that will support this patient's learning? 1. Establishing a structured environment 2. Asking that unclear words be repeated 3. Speaking directly in front of the patient 4. Making a referral for a hearing evaluation

1. Establishing a structured environment

A nurse must implement a teaching plan for a patient recently diagnosed with heart failure. What should the nurse do first? 1. Identify the patient's level of recognition of the need for learning 2. Frame the goal within the patient's value system 3. Determine the patient's preferred learning style 4. Assess the patient's personal support system

1. Identify the patient's level of recognition of the need for learning

A nurse must implement a teaching plan for a patient recently diagnosed with heart failure. Which should the nurse do first? 1. Identify the patient's level of recognition of the need for learning. 2. Frame the goal within the patient's value system. 3. Determine the patient's preferred learning style. 4. Assess the patient's personal support system.

1. Identify the patient's level of recognition of the need for learning. The learner must recognize that the need exists and that the material to be learned is valuable. Motivation is the most important factor influencing learning.

A nurse uses computer-assisted instruction as a strategy when providing preoperative teaching. The nurse explains to preoperative patients that the greatest advantage of computer-assisted instruction is that: 1. Learners can progress at their own rate 2. It is the least expensive teaching strategy 3. There are opportunities for pre- and post-testing 4. Information is presented in a well-organized format

1. Learners can progress at their own rate

A nurse uses computer-assisted instruction as a strategy when providing preoperative teaching. Which should the nurse explain to preoperative patients is the greatest advantage of computer-assisted instruction? 1. Learners can progress at their own rate. 2. It is the least expensive teaching strategy. 3. There are opportunities for pre- and post-testing. 4. Information is presented in a well-organized format.

1. Learners can progress at their own rate. Learners progress through a program at their own pace viewing informational material, answering questions, and receiving immediate feedback. Some programs feature simulated situations that require critical thinking and a response. Correct responses are rationalized, praise is offered, and incorrect responses trigger an explanation of why the wrong answer is wrong and offer encouragement to try again. This is a superior teaching strategy for the learner who may find that group lessons are paced either too fast or too slowly for effective learning.

A nurse is planning a teaching plan for an older adult. Which common factor among older adult patients must be considered by the nurse? 1. Learning may require more energy 2. Intelligence decreases as people age 3. Older adults rely more on visual rather than auditory learning 4. Older adult patients are more resistant to change that accompanies new learning

1. Learning may require more energy

A nurse is assessing a patient to determine educational needs. Which is most important for the nurse to consider? 1. Make no assumptions about the patient. 2. Teaching may be informal or formal in nature. 3. The teaching plan should be documented on appropriate records. 4. A copy of the teaching-learning contract should be given to the patient.

1. Make no assumptions about the patient. Many variables influence an individual's willingness and ability to learn (e.g., readiness, motivation, physical and emotional abilities, education, age, cultural and health beliefs, cognitive abilities). Because everyone is unique with individual needs, the nurse must avoid making assumptions and generalizations.

A nurse is teaching a patient who has impaired vision to self-inject insulin. Which should the nurse do to facilitate the teaching-learning process? Select all that apply. 1. Obtain an order for automatic-stop syringes. 2. Provide written information in large print. 3. Use audio learning materials. 4. Enunciate each word clearly. 5. Speak slowly.

1. Obtain an order for automatic-stop syringes. An automatic-stop syringe ensures that an appropriate dose of insulin can be prepared despite a patient's vision impairment. 2. Provide written information in large print. Large print magnifies the written information to a size that may facilitate reading by the patient who is vision impaired. 3. Use audio learning materials. Audio learning materials use the sense of hearing rather than sight to promote the teaching-learning process.

A nurse is planning a teaching plan for an older adult. Which common factors among older adult patients must be considered? Select all that apply. 1. Sensory decline occurs as one age. 2. Learning may require more energy. 3. Intelligence decreases as people age. 4. Older adults rely more on visual rather than auditory learning. 5. Older adult patients are more resistant to change that accompanies new learning.

1. Sensory decline occurs as one ages. Sensory impairment results from the aging process, which must be considered when planning a teaching plan for an older adult. Aging causes such changes as: a reduced ability to focus or accommodate because of reduced elasticity of the lens of the eye; a narrowing of the visual field; increased opacification of the lens that causes cataracts with accompanying blurring of vision and increased sensitivity to glare; a decrease in the ability to hear high-frequency sounds; and an increase in the keratin content of cerumen that causes an accumulation of cerumen in the middle ear and thus endangers hearing. 2. Learning may require more energy. Various physiological changes of aging have an impact on the rate of learning (e.g., declines in sensory perception and speed of mental processing and more time needed for recall), requiring the use of multisensory teaching strategies and a repetitive approach. In addition, older adults may have less physical and emotional stamina because of more chronic illnesses, so they may require shorter and more frequent learning sessions.

Every person who attended a smoking cessation educational program completed a questionnaire. What is this type of evaluation called? 1. Survey 2. Post-test 3. Case study 4. Focus group

1. Survey

Every person who attended a smoking cessation educational program completed a questionnaire. Which is this type of evaluation called? 1. Survey 2. Post-test 3. Case study 4. Focus group

1. Survey The terms questionnaire and survey are used interchangeably to describe a type of evaluation tool designed to gather data about a topic. This method is used to obtain information, such as feedback regarding an educational program.

What is the primary reason why nurses attend continuing education programs? 1. Update professional knowledge 2. Network within the nursing profession 3. Fulfill requirements for an advanced degree 4. Graduate from an accredited nursing program

1. Update professional knowledge

Which is the primary reason why nurses attend continuing education programs? 1. Update professional knowledge. 2. Network within the nursing profession. 3. Fulfill requirements for an advanced degree. 4. Graduate from an accredited nursing program.

1. Update professional knowledge. Continuing education programs are formal learning experiences designed to update and enhance professional knowledge or skills. This is necessary because of the explosion in information and technology within health care. Some states require evidence of continuing education units (CEUs) for license renewal.

A nurse is providing health teaching for a patient with a cognitive deficit. Which interventions by the nurse will support this patient's learning? Select all that apply. 1. Using simple vocabulary and syntax 2. Establishing a structured environment 3. Asking that unclear words be repeated 4. Speaking directly in front of the patient 5. Making a referral for a hearing evaluation

1. Using simple vocabulary and syntax Simple vocabulary with as few syllables as possible along with short simple sentences is less confusing for a patient with a comprehension deficit. 2. Establishing a structured environment For people who have a cognitive deficit, participating in a learning program often makes them feel overwhelmed and threatened. The teacher should provide a structured environment in which variables are controlled to reduce anxiety and support comprehension. The nurse should minimize ambiguity, provide a familiar environment, teach at the same time each day, limit environmental distractions, and provide simple learning materials. 3. Asking that unclear words be repeated Clarifying unclear words stated by the patient helps the nurse understand what the patient is saying. Patient concerns and questions must be addressed by the nurse.

The unit secretary tells the nurse that the practitioner has just ordered a low-calorie diet for a patient who is overweight. Place these nursing interventions in the order in which they should be implemented. 1. Verify the dietary order 2. Determine food preferences 3. Teach specifics about a low-calorie diet 4. Review a meal plan designed by the patient 5. Assess the patient's motivation to follow the diet

1. Verify the dietary order 2. Determine food preferences 3. Teach specifics about a low-calorie diet 4. Review a meal plan designed by the patient 5. Assess the patient's motivation to follow the diet

The nurse working in a hospital with a diverse population strives to offer culturally sensitive care. What nursing action would be most appropriate? 1) Act as if familiar with cultural practices or values even if uncertain. 2) Allow patients to include cultural practices in the plan of care unless harmful. 3) Use common slang phrases, as they are familiar to many people. 4) Incorporate humor into interactions with patients to put them at ease.

2) Allow patients to include cultural practices in the plan of care unless harmful.

A nurse strives to teach a spouse how to monitor a patient's blood pressure. Which teaching method is best? 1) Provide the patient and spouse with written instruction about how to obtain a blood pressure reading. 2) Demonstrate the technique for taking a blood pressure reading, and then request a return demonstration. 3) Schedule the spouse for a class about high blood pressure, including monitoring technique. 4) Provide the spouse with a patient education brochure about blood pressure monitoring.

2) Demonstrate the technique for taking a blood pressure reading, and then request a return demonstration

A nurse is teaching a preschool-aged child. Which teaching method is most appropriate for the nurse to use when teaching a child in this age group? 1. Demonstrations 2. Coloring books 3. Small groups 4. Videos

2. Coloring books Coloring books are the best approach because they require preschoolers to be active participants in their own learning. In addition, the child has a product to keep and be proud of, it reduces anxiety associated with learning because coloring is an activity most preschoolers are familiar with, and it is within a preschooler's cognitive level.

A nurse is teaching a postoperative patient deep breathing and coughing exercises. Which method of instruction is most appropriate in this situation? 1. Explanation 2. Demonstration 3. Video presentation 4. Brochure with pictures

2. Demonstration A demonstration is the best strategy for teaching a psychomotor skill. A demonstration is an actual performance of the skill by the teacher who is acting as a role model. A demonstration usually is followed by a return demonstration. The learner can imitate the teacher during a return demonstration, ask questions, and receive feedback from the instructor.

A nurse is planning to engage a patient in a program to learn about a newly diagnosed illness. Which psychosocial response to the illness will have the greatest impact on the patient's future success of learning? 1. Fear 2. Denial 3. Fatigue 4. Anxiety

2. Denial Of all the options presented, the patient in denial is the person least ready and motivated to learn. The patient in denial is unable to recognize the need for the learning.

A patient is readmitted to the hospital because of complications resulting from nonadherence to the prescribed health-care regimen. What should the nurse do first? 1. Encourage healthy behaviors 2. Develop a trusting relationship 3. Use educational aids to reinforce teaching 4. Establish why the client is not following the regimen

2. Develop a trusting relationship

A nurse is assessing the results of dietary teaching for a patient with diabetes mellitus. Which patient behaviors indicate that learning occurred in the affective domain? Select all that apply. 1. Discusses which food on the ordered diet must be avoided 2. Eats only food approved on the prescribed special diet 3. Lists foods that are permitted on the diet 4. Asks about which foods can be eaten 5. Avoids food that is high in sugar

2. Eats only food approved on the prescribed special diet Eating food on the ordered diet is an example of learning in the affective domain. When learning is incorporated into the learner's behavior because it is perceived as important, learning has occurred in the affective domain. Affective learning involves the expression of feelings and the changing of beliefs, attitudes, or values. 5. Avoids food that is high in sugar Avoiding foods high in sugar is an example of learning in the affective domain. When learning is incorporated into the learner's behavior because it is perceived as important, learning has occurred in the affective domain. Affective learning involves the expression of feelings and the changing of beliefs, attitudes, or values.

A nurse is assessing the results of dietary teaching for a patient with diabetes mellitus. What patient behavior indicates that learning occurred in the affective domain? 1. Discusses which food on the ordered diet must be avoided 2. Eats the food on the special diet ordered by the physician 3. Compiles a list of foods that are permitted on the diet 4. Asks about which foods can be eaten

2. Eats the food on the special diet ordered by the physician

A nurse is evaluating a patient's learning regarding nutrition. Which behavior reflects the highest level of learning in the cognitive domain? 1. Modifies favorite recipes by eliminating foods that have to be avoided 2. Evaluates the benefits associated with avoidance of certain foods 3. States why a mother's diet may affect breastfeeding 4. Identifies a list of foods to be avoided

2. Evaluates the benefits associated with avoidance of certain foods

A nurse is teaching a patient colostomy care in relation to the affective domain. Which teaching method is most effective for this situation? 1. Discussing a pamphlet about colostomy care from the American Cancer Society 2. Exploring how the patient feels about having a colostomy 3. Providing a demonstration on how to do colostomy care 4. Showing a videotape demonstrating colostomy care

2. Exploring how the patient feels about having a colostomy

A nurse is teaching a patient colostomy care in relation to the affective domain. Which teaching method is most effective for this situation? 1. Discussing a pamphlet about colostomy care from the American Cancer Society 2. Exploring how the patient feels about having a colostomy 3. Providing a demonstration on how to do colostomy care 4. Showing a videotape demonstrating colostomy care

2. Exploring how the patient feels about having a colostomy This option reflects learning in the affective domain. Affective learning is concerned with feelings, emotions, values, beliefs, and attitudes about the colostomy. A school nurse is teaching a class of adolescents about avoiding smoking and includes role-playing as a creative learning activity. Which is the primary reason for using role-playing?

A nurse is attending a class about a new intravenous pump presented by the hospital staff education department. Which is this type of educational program? 1. Continuing education program 2. Inservice education program 3. Certification program 4. Orientation program

2. Inservice education program Inservice programs generally are provided by health-care agencies to reinforce current knowledge and skills or provide new information about such issues as policies, theory, skills, practice, or equipment.

A nurse is assessing a patient's readiness to learn about smoking cessation. Which patient factor does the nurse consider is most important when determining if a teaching program is needed by the patient? 1. Previous experience 2. Perceived need 3. Expectations 4. Flexibility

2. Perceived need

A nurse is teaching a patient with a hearing impairment. Which should the nurse do to facilitate the teaching-learning process? Select all that apply. 1. Limit educational sessions to 10 minutes. 2. Provide information in written format. 3. Use at least 2 teaching methods. 4. Face the patient when talking. 5. Teach in group settings.

2. Provide information in written format. Written materials augment verbal teaching. The patient can review the written materials during and after the teaching session. 3. Use at least 2 teaching methods. Varieties of teaching methods facilitate learning because multiple senses are stimulated. When we see, hear, and touch, learning is more effective than when we see or hear alone. In addition, research demonstrates that we remember only 10% of what we read, 20% of what we hear, 30% of what we see, 50% of what we see and hear, and 80% of what we say and do.

A nurse is caring for a patient who has type 1 diabetes and an ulcer on the big toe of the right foot. The nurse plans to review how to perform self-blood glucose monitoring, self-administer an injection, and apply a sterile dressing to the ulcer on the toe. The nurse identifies that the patient is a kinesthetic learner. Which teaching strategy is most appropriate for the nurse to use with this patient? 1. Give verbal instructions and encourage a discussion 2. Provide occasions to touch and handle equipment 3. Present pictures and illustrations 4. Use models and videos

2. Provide occasions to touch and handle equipment Kinesthetic learners learn best when processing information by doing. Kinesthetic learners should be engaged in physical activities that allow them to touch and handle equipment.

A community health nurse is caring for a patient who has a pressure ulcer and requires assistance with bathing, grooming, and toileting. Docusate sodium, daily weights, and a dressing change of the wound twice a day are ordered. When performing which nursing interventions should the nurse educate the patient about docusate sodium? Select all that apply. 1. Bathing 2. Toileting 3. Daily weights 4. Wound treatment 5. Medication administration

2. Toileting An excellent time for the nurse to teach the patient about docusate sodium, a medication that promotes bowel elimination, is when the patient is being assisted to the toilet. 5. Medication administration During medication administration is a perfect time for the nurse to educate a patient about the medications that the patient is receiving.

How might the nurse improve patients' health literacy when communicating with healthcare providers? 1) Ask patients simple yes or no questions. 2) Speak with passive voice instead of active. 3) Avoid medical jargon and technical terms. 4) Provide information printed in English.

3) Avoid medical jargon and technical terms.

A nurse educator designed various educational programs that employ role-playing as a teaching strategy. Which group of people should the nurse anticipate will benefit the most from role-playing? 1. Older adults preparing to retire from the workforce 2. Men unwilling to admit that they have a drinking problem 3. Adolescents learning to abstain from recreational drug use 4. Middle-aged adults preparing for total knee replacement surgery

3. Adolescents learning to abstain from recreational drug use

A nurse educator designed various educational programs that employ role-playing as a teaching strategy. Which group of people should the nurse anticipate will benefit the most from role-playing? 1. Older adults preparing to retire from the workforce 2. Men unwilling to admit that they have a drinking problem 3. Adolescents learning to abstain from recreational drug use 4. Middle-aged adults preparing for total-knee replacement surgery

3. Adolescents learning to abstain from recreational drug use A group of adolescents should benefit most from role-playing. Role-playing provides a safe environment in which to practice interpersonal skills. It enables individuals to rehearse what should be said, learn to respond to the emotional environment, and experience the pressures of the person playing the peer using drugs.

A nurse is teaching a patient recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus the step-by-step procedure of administering an insulin injection. However, after two sessions the patient is still reluctant to self-administer the insulin. What should the nurse do? 1. Have the patient administer the injection to an orange 2. Keep reinforcing the principles that have been presented 3. Give the patient an opportunity to explore concerns about the injection 4. Determine if a member of the family is willing to administer the insulin

3. Give the patient an opportunity to explore concerns about the injection

A nurse is teaching a patient recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus the step-by-step procedure of administering an insulin injection by using an orange. However, after two sessions of practice, the patient is still reluctant to self-administer the insulin. Which should the nurse do? 1. Keep reinforcing the principles that have been presented. 2. Have the patient administer the injection to orange again. 3. Give the patient an opportunity to explore concerns about the injection. 4. Determine if a member of the family is willing to administer the insulin.

3. Give the patient an opportunity to explore concerns about the injection. When a teaching plan is ineffective, the nurse must gather more data and revise the teaching plan to achieve the desired goal.

A nurse is planning to engage a patient in a program to learn about a newly diagnosed illness. Which psychosocial response to the illness will have the greatest impact on the patient's future success with learning? 1. Fear 3. Motivation 3. Fatigue 4. Anxiety

3. Motivation

Which behavior identified by the nurse indicates the highest level of learning in the psychomotor domain? 1. Demonstrating a well-balanced stance with crutches 2. Identifying the correct equipment that is needed for a colostomy irrigation 3. Performing a dry sterile dressing change without contaminating the equipment 4. Recognizing the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure sounds

3. Performing a dry sterile dressing change without contaminating the equipment

A nurse formulates teaching goals using action verbs. Which words are examples of verbs employed in learning outcomes in the psychomotor domain? Select all that apply. 1. Accepts 2. Explains 3. Performs 4. Assembles 5. Demonstrates

3. Performs Performing an activity indicates learning in the psychomotor domain. Learning in the psychomotor domain is related to mastering a skill and requires motor activity. 4. Assembles Assembling something indicates learning in the psychomotor domain. Learning in the psychomotor domain is related to mastering a skill and requires motor activity. 5. Demonstrates Demonstrating something indicates learning in the psychomotor domain. Learning in the psychomotor domain is related to mastering a skill and requires motor activity.

A school nurse is teaching a class of adolescents about avoiding smoking and includes role-playing as a creative learning activity. What is the primary reason for using role-playing? 1. Provides more fun than other methods 2. Eliminates the need for media equipment 3. Requires active participation by the learner 4. Gives the learner the opportunity to be another person

3. Requires active participation by the learner

A school nurse is teaching a class of adolescents about avoiding smoking and includes role-playing as a creative learning activity. Which is the primary reason for using role-playing? 1. Provides more fun than other methods 2. Eliminates the need for media equipment 3. Requires active participation by the learner 4. Gives the learner the opportunity to be another person

3. Requires active participation by the learner Learning activities that actively engage the learner have been shown to be more effective as well as more fun than methods that do not actively engage the learner. When learners are actively involved, they assume more responsibility for their own learning and develop more self-interest in learning the content.

A teaching-learning concept basic to all teaching plans is to present content from the: 1. Cognitive to the affective domain 2. Formal to the informal 3. Simple to the complex 4. Broad to the specific

3. Simple to the complex

Which of the following teaching-learning concepts that move from one extreme to the other is basic to all teaching plans? 1. Cognitive to the affective domain 2. Formal to the informal 3. Simple to the complex 4. Broad to the specific

3. Simple to the complex When moving from the simple to the complex, a person works at integrating and incorporating the less complex, new learning into one's body of knowledge and understanding before moving on to more complex information. Complex material is best learned when easily understood aspects of the topic are presented first as a foundation for the more complex aspects.

The nurse providing discharge teaching to a patient whose primary language is not English would most likely use which teaching strategies? Select all that apply. 1. Present 10 to 12 short, simple instructions at a time. 2. Send forms home with the patient for family members to help complete. 3. Use drawings and photographs to illustrate the information. 4. Ask an interpreter to help translate the discharge instructions. 5. Use an active voice with simple words when speaking to the patient.

3. Use drawings and photographs to illustrate the information. 4. Ask an interpreter to help translate the discharge instructions. 5. Use an active voice with simple words when speaking to the patient

To be most effective, at what grade reading level should the nurse prepare educational medical material? 1. Fourth-grade 2. Eighth-grade 3. Tenth-grade 4. Sixth-grade

4. Sixth-grade

To be most effective, at which grade reading level should the nurse prepare written educational medical material? 1. Fourth-grade 2. Eighth-grade 3. Tenth-grade 4. Sixth-grade

4. Sixth-grade Randomized studies demonstrate that the average reading level of individuals who need health teaching is 6.8 grades of schooling.

Why is patient education important in today's healthcare environment? 1) Primarily it is offered to increase patient confidence for self-care. 2) Nurses do patient teaching to transfer responsibility for care to patients. 3) Patient education contributes to rising healthcare costs. 4) More healthcare is delivered in the home and outpatient settings.

4) More healthcare is delivered in the home and outpatient settings.

A culturally competent nurse is planning to teach a patient about a new regimen of self-care. What must the nurse assess first about the patient before implementing the teaching plan? 1. Religious affiliation 2. Support system 3. National origin 4. Health beliefs

4. Health beliefs

A culturally competent nurse is planning to teach a patient about a new regimen of self-care. Which must the nurse assess first about the patient before implementing the teaching plan? 1. Religious affiliation 2. Support system 3. National origin 4. Health beliefs

4. Health beliefs Individuals have their own beliefs associated with cultural health practices, faith, diet, illness, death and dying, and lifestyle, which all have a major impact on health beliefs. Not all members of a culture have the same beliefs.

A nurse is teaching an older adult how to perform a dressing change. Which nursing action is most important to address the developmental stress of older adults? 1. Speak louder when talking to the patient. 2. Use terminology understandable to the patient. 3. Have the patient provide a return demonstration. 4. Allow more time for the patient to process information.

4. Allow more time for the patient to process information. Reaction time will slow as one ages; therefore, older adults need more time to process and respond to information or perform a skill. In addition, some older adults may have less energy, experience more fatigue, and may need shorter, frequent learning sessions.

A nurse is to provide nutritional counseling for an older adult. What should the nurse do first? 1. Plan educational sessions in the late afternoon 2. Speak louder when talking 3. Provide large-print books 4. Assess for readiness

4. Assess for readiness

A nurse is designing a teaching-learning program for a patient who is to be discharged from the hospital. After developing a nurse-patient relationship, which should the nurse do next? 1. Identify the patient's locus of control. 2. Use a variety of teaching methods appropriate for the patient. 3. Formulate an achievable, measurable, and realistic patient goal. 4. Assess the patient's current understanding of the content to be taught.

4. Assess the patient's current understanding of the content to be taught. Learners bring their own lifetimes of learning to the learning situation. The nurse must customize each teaching plan, capitalize on the patient's previous experience and knowledge, and identify what the patient still needs to know before teaching can begin.

A nursing instructor is evaluating a student nurse's knowledge. Which student behavior indicates that learning has occurred in the highest level of learning in the cognitive domain? 1. Identifies the expected properties of urine 2. Explains the importance of producing urine 3. Recognizes when something is contaminated 4. Interprets laboratory results of diagnostic urine testing

4. Interprets laboratory results of diagnostic urine testing

A nurse is preparing a patient with a colostomy for discharge. What patient outcome indicates that learning has occurred in the psychomotor domain? 1. Accepts the need to have a colostomy 2. Understands why certain foods should be avoided 3. Verbalizes the rationale for daily colostomy irrigations 4. Changes a colostomy bag without contaminating the hands

4. Changes a colostomy bag without contaminating the hands

A nurse educator is teaching a class on problem-solving and reinforced the concepts of inductive and deductive reasoning using the attached illustration. Which is the most important reason why the nurse educator presented this illustration? 1. It appeals to students who are visual learners. 2. It employs the concept of positive reinforcement. 3. It stimulates learning in students with an internal locus of control. 4. It improves students' conceptual understanding of complex content.

4. It improves students' conceptual understanding of complex content. Research demonstrates that when illustrations are used in conjunction with reading content, learners outperform students who just read the content. Illustrations attract attention, facilitate retention of information, and improve understanding of complex content by creating a context.

A nursing instructor is evaluating a student nurse's knowledge. Which student behaviors indicate that learning has occurred in the highest level of learning in the cognitive domain? Select all that apply. 1. Identifies the expected properties of urine 2. Explains the importance of producing urine 3. Recognizes when something is contaminated 4. Compares achieved outcomes with planned outcomes 5. Contrasts laboratory results of urine testing against the expected range

4. Compares achieved outcomes with planned outcomes When a learner compares achieved outcomes with planned outcomes, the learner is evaluating the effectiveness of the learning. This activity is evaluation, which is the highest level of the cognitive domain. It requires the nurse to compare, contrast, and differentiate information. 5. Contrasts laboratory results of urine testing against the expected range This is the highest level of learning in the cognitive domain. Contrasting laboratory results of urine testing with the expected range reflects learning on the evaluation level, which is the sixth and highest level of learning in the cognitive domain.

A nurse is planning a weight reduction program with an obese patient. What should the nurse anticipate will be the most important component that will determine the success or failure of this plan? 1. Rewarding compliant behavior with favorite foods 2. Encouraging at least 1 hour of exercise daily 3. Using an 800-calorie daily dietary regimen 4. Setting realistic goals

4. Setting realistic goals

A nurse is planning a weight-reduction program with an obese patient. Which should the nurse anticipate will be the most important component that will determine the success or failure of this program? 1. Rewarding compliant behavior with favorite foods 2. Encouraging at least 1 hour of exercise daily 3. Using an 800-calorie daily dietary regimen 4. Setting realistic goals

4. Setting realistic goals Setting realistic goals is important to the success of a weight-loss program. Because achieving success is dependent largely on motivation, the teacher and patient should design goals that demonstrate immediate progress or growth. One strategy is to design numerous realistic short-term intermediary goals that are achieved more easily than one long-term goal.

A unit secretary tells the nurse that the primary health-care provider has just ordered a low-calorie diet for a patient who is overweight. Place these nursing interventions in the order in which they should be implemented. 1. Verify the dietary order. 2. Determine food preferences. 3. Teach specifics about a low-calorie diet. 4. Review a meal plan designed by the patient. 5. Assess the patient's motivation to follow the diet.

Answer: 1 5 2 3 4 Verifying the order should be done first because a diet requires a primary health-care provider's order; following a specific diet is a dependent function of the nurse. Teaching at this time is an inappropriate intervention. Notifying the primary health-care provider is unnecessary. The patient's adaptations are common responses to the patient's physical status. Waiting will delay meeting the patient's physical needs. Assessing motivation is one of the most important factors influencing learning. The learner must recognize that the need exists and that the need will be addressed through the learning. Determining food preferences is part of nursing assessment. Food preferences can then be included in the teaching plan about the low-calorie diet. Details of the diet can be taught after the order is verified, motivation is determined, and preferences are identified. Evaluation is the final step of teaching. A meal plan designed by the patient requires not just an understanding of the information but an ability to apply the information.

A nurse is planning to teach the patient how to self-administer colostomy irrigation. Place the following actions that the nurse should employ in the order in which they should be implemented. 1. Identify the patient's readiness to learn. 2. Involve the patient in learning activities. 3. Identify the patient's motivation to learn. 4. Repeat essential concepts to reinforce learning. 5. Evaluate the patient's learning versus desired outcomes.

Answer: 3 1 2 4 5 The first step of the options presented involves determining the patient's desire to learn. If the patient does not recognize that the learning is important, the patient will not be invested in the learning process. The second step of the options presented is determining if the patient is ready to learn. The patient may be motivated to learn, but if the patient is in pain or fatigued, the patient may not be able to focus on the learning. The third step of the options presented is to implement a teaching plan by engaging the patient in planned learning activities. The fourth step of the options presented is related to the concept of repetition of essential concepts to facilitate retention of learned information. Practice of psychomotor skills along with feedback from the nurse strengthens the learning and encourages independence. The fifth step of the options presented is the evaluation of the patient's performance in light of stated goals. When evaluating a psychomotor skill the nurse observes the patient's implementation of the skill to ensure that steps in the skill (e.g., collects necessary equipment, follows standards of asepsis and safety, and recognizes and responds to problems associated with the procedure) are implemented according to principles.

After assessing a patient's learning needs, abilities, and motivation and identifying patient goals, the nurse must formulate a teaching plan. Place the following steps in the order in which they should be implemented. 1. Choose teaching strategies to be employed. 2. Evaluate the effectiveness of the teaching plan. 3. Identify the information that the learner must learn. 4. Organize the information in the sequence that information is to be presented. 5. Develop instructional materials that will reinforce and supplement the information provided in the class.

Answer: 34 1 5 2 The first step in planning a teaching plan is to identify the information that the learner must acquire. This step is accomplished by formulating realistic, measurable learning goals. The second step in planning a teaching plan is organizing the information in an appropriate sequence to be presented. The third step in planning a teaching plan is the selection of the teaching strategies to be employed based on the advantages and disadvantages of each strategy and which is best to achieve the learning goals. The fourth step in planning a teaching plan is to develop instructional materials that will reinforce and supplement information provided in the class. The teacher should develop a method to evaluate whether learning goals are met. Post-tests, written exercises, questionnaires, surveys, and direct observation of performance are some examples of evaluation methods.