Terminologies, Standards, and Ontologies Health Information Literacy

What systematic factors are associated with health literacy? Select all that apply. Situational demands Health system culture Health decision-making Public health system demands Professional health topic knowledge

Health system culture The culture of a health system, and its willingness and ability for transparency of health information, is essential in improving health literacy in individuals at all levels. Public health system demands Public health demands, sometimes driven by disease outbreaks, but often based on population health, are necessary for the development of appropriate education to improve health literacy. Professional health topic knowledge An adequate level of comprehension of a given health topic is required for the development and implementation of health information.

Which characteristics are part of information literacy? Select all that apply. Technologically savvy Common to all disciplines A need for knowledge Required for Internet use Based on specific individual needs

Common to all disciplines The need to recognize, locate, evaluate, and effectively use information transcends disciplines. A need for knowledge Information literacy in the inherent understanding of the need for knowledge. Based on specific individual needs Understanding the need for information is individual- or topic-specific.

What individual factors are associated with health literacy? Select all that apply. Communication skills Situational demands Individual cultural knowledge Public health demands Professional health topic knowledge

Communication skills Communication skills are associated with an individual's ability to communicate his or her health information needs and the understanding of the information. Situational demands Factors associated with health literacy and the need for health information are based on the individual's situational needs, e.g., being diagnosed with diabetes. Individual cultural knowledge An individual's culture and cultural beliefs affect his or her health literacy, e.g., Native Americans' belief that they are all destined to have diabetes.

Which components represent fluency and computer literacy? Select all that apply. Computer literacy is information expression, while fluency is understanding. Computer literacy is understanding, while fluency is expression. Computer fluency is skill-based, while literacy is knowledge-based. Computer literacy is conceptual, while fluency evaluates understanding. Computer literacy is an intellectual framework for understanding, while fluency is the ability to translate information.

Computer literacy is information expression, while fluency is understanding. Computer literacy is basic knowledge of how information is expressed; fluency is understanding the technology and the skills of using it. Computer fluency is skill-based, while literacy is knowledge-based. Computer literacy is knowledge-based; fluency is skill-based. Computer literacy is an intellectual framework for understanding, while fluency is the ability to translate information. Information literacy uses an intellectual framework while computer literacy is a technical understanding; fluency is the adopting critical thinking to technology.

What methods increase skills for health promotion and disease prevention? Select all that apply. Developing educational materials that use common language and understanding Developing educational materials addressing the needs and comprehension abilities of older individuals Providing information addressing societal and cultural needs Developing educational materials addressing a national health initiative Providing highly technical consent forms for older adults

Developing educational materials that use common language and understanding Educational health-related materials developed using common language provide greater opportunity for health promotion, such as following guidelines for physical activity. Developing educational materials addressing the needs and comprehension abilities of older individuals Older individuals are at higher risk of low health literacy. Developing age-related materials will improve health literacy in older individuals, such as information regarding eldercare. Providing information addressing societal and cultural needs Addressing specific cultural needs of an individual or group of individuals increases attention to health promotion and disease prevention, such as dietary needs of Native Americans for diabetes self-management.

What methods increase skills for health promotion and disease prevention? Select all that apply. Providing highly technical consent forms for older adults Developing educational materials that use common language and understanding Developing educational materials addressing the needs and comprehension abilities of older individuals Providing information addressing societal and cultural needs Developing educational materials addressing a national health initiative

Developing educational materials that use common language and understanding Educational health-related materials, developed using common language, provide greater opportunity for health promotion, such as following guidelines for physical activity. Developing educational materials addressing the needs and comprehension abilities of older individuals Older individuals are at higher risk of low health literacy. Developing age-related materials will improve health literacy in older individuals, such as information regarding eldercare. Providing information addressing societal and cultural needs Addressing specific cultural needs of an individual or group of individuals increases attention to health promotion and disease prevention, such as dietary needs of Native Americans for diabetes self-management.

Which are methods of improving health literacy? Select all that apply. Providing additional health information Developing health courses in academics Assuring cultural sensitivities in all programs Developing targeted community programs Ensuring access to information systems

Developing health courses in academics Developing health education programs in grades K through 12 provides greater access to information that may help improve health literacy. Assuring cultural sensitivities in all programs Addressing cultural sensitivities provides greater interest and understanding to persons at risk for low health literacy. Developing targeted community programs Developing programs targeted for specific communities may help in health literacy improvement.

Which individual abilities are affected by low health literacy? Select all that apply. Reading the newspaper Shopping for groceries Disease self-management Navigating the health care system Understanding and communicating health information

Disease self-management Low health literacy can impact an individual's ability to self-manage illness, such as calculate dosage of insulin necessary to regulate blood sugar. Navigating the health care system Low health literacy can impact an individual's ability to effectively navigate the health care system, such as provider location and completing complex forms. Understanding and communicating health information Low health literacy can impact an individual's ability to understand health information and share that information with family or caregivers.

Which descriptions identify essentials of an information-literate individual? Select all that apply. Conducts literature searches Incorporates relevant information Understands information relevance Creates word processing documents Identifies that information is necessary

Incorporates relevant information An information-literate individual incorporates relevant information into practice. Understands information relevance An information-literate individual understands the relevance of the new information. Identifies that information is necessary An information-literate individual recognizes and understands the need for information.

Which pairs indicate related associations of impact and improvement of health literacy? Select all that apply. Increased health information understanding and early academic health-related programs Increased decision-making ability and community health programs Decreased health care costs and age- and education-appropriate health programs Increased positive patient outcomes and college level health programs Decreased health care costs and grade K through 12 educational programs

Increased health information understanding and early academic health-related programs Early academic health-related programs can have a positive effect on health literacy by increasing health information at earlier ages. Increased decision-making ability and community health programs Community health programs can increase health literacy by providing information that will increase abilities for improved decision-making. Decreased health care costs and age- and education-appropriate health programs Health programs targeting persons with lower educational levels and older adults will help improve health literacy, thus reducing health care costs.

What are key differences in information technology and information literacy? Select all that apply. Knowledge versus technology Content versus skills Rote versus deep learning Fluency versus information Philosophy versus knowledge-base

Knowledge versus technology Content versus skills Rote versus deep learning Information literacy focuses on rote learning of specific hardware and software, while information technology focuses on deep learning of technology.

Match literacy skills with the specific literacy components. Listening Reading Culture Literacy Oral literacy System literacy Print literacy

Listening - Oral literacy Reading - Print literacy Culture - Literacy

Which individuals are at greatest risk for low health literacy? Select all that apply. Older individuals College graduates Young adults Individuals with compromised health Individuals without a high school diploma

Older individuals Older individuals may be at risk for low literacy due to the ability to retain information. Individuals with compromised health Individuals with compromised health, such as cognitive disabilities, may be at risk for low health literacy. Individuals without a high school diploma Individuals with less than a high school diploma may have difficulty with basic reading or other skills required to comprehend health information.

What categorical elements compare information technology and information literacy? Select all that apply. Philosophical Fluency Skills Tasks Knowledge-base

Philosophical Information technology and information literacy can both be compared on their philosophical similarities and differences. Fluency Information technology and information literacy can both be compared on their areas of fluency. Knowledge-base Information technology and information literacy can both be compared on their individual knowledge-based foci.

What are risks of low health literacy? Select all that apply. Poor health outcomes Less reliable decision-making Less use of medical resources Increased self-management Increased health care costs

Poor health outcomes Reduced decision-making ability increases the likelihood of poor health outcomes. Less reliable decision-making Lack of health-related knowledge impedes reliable decision-making. Increased health care costs Low health literacy can increase health care costs through reduced self-management of illness and health promotion.

What are constructs of information technology? Select all that apply. Technological fluency Information need Expression of information Rote hardware and software learning Content and communication focus

Technological fluency Technological fluency in information transmission is a construct of information technology. Expression of information Technical understanding of the expression of information is a construct of information technology.

Which individual abilities are affected by low health literacy? Select all that apply. Understand and give consent Navigate the health system Read and follow guidelines Find health information on the internet Health promotion and disease prevention

Understand and give consent Health and information literacy help in understanding the informed consent process and information allowing an individual to provide adequate consent for medical procedures. Navigate the health system Health and information literacy are associated with an increased ability to navigate the health system, such as provider and hospital systems. Health promotion and disease prevention Health and information literacy are associated with increasing self-management of illness and support of health promotion and disease prevention.

How can informaticists improve systematic health literacy in older adults? Select all that apply. Use audiovisual technology to communicate health information Use easily understood mathematical approaches to calculations Use culturally and technologically appropriate methods of communicating health information Use technological applications requiring significant levels of access to communicate discharge instructions in patient portals Use of printed materials with large amounts of information located on a single page

Use audiovisual technology to communicate health information Understanding the contextual needs of this high-risk population, using other communication methods may improve motivation, capacity, and understanding of basic health information. Use easily understood mathematical approaches to calculations Creating mathematical approaches that are easily understood (type and language) may increase an older individual's motivation and understanding for calculating medication dosing, such as insulin dose. Use culturally and technologically appropriate methods of communicating health information Older adults generally have lower health literacy. The development of culturally appropriate, such as images and context, and technologically appropriate, such as electronic font type and size, may increase their motivation and capacity to understand the information.

Which are appropriate methods to increase information literacy? Select all that apply. Store data Use common words Perceive understanding Increase academic tools Provide user permissions

Use common words The use of common words reduces reading level, allowing for greater information understanding. Perceive understanding Knowing if an individual understands provided information allows for reinforcement or modification of methods if the lesson is not understood or the expectation that information will be used if understood. Increase academic tools Increasing academic tools through the educational system provides greater opportunity to increase skills, such as reading and writing.