Test 1

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In adults, red bone marrow is located in the

**All of the answers are correct proximal epiphyses of long bones. body of vertebrae. sternum and ribs. iliac crest.

If a person has a blood pressure of 120/90, his mean arterial pressure would be ________ mm Hg

100

Calculate the net filtration pressure (NFP) with a blood hydrostatic pressure of 40 mm Hg and a blood colloid osmotic pressure of 25 mm Hg. Then determine if filtration or reabsorption occurs. NFP = ________ and results in a fluid ________.

15 mm Hg; filtration

In what order would excitation move through the conducting system of the heart? 1. Purkinje fibers 2. AV bundle 3. AV node 4. SA node 5. bundle branches

4, 3, 2, 5, 1

The total volume of blood in the body of a 76-kg man is approximately ________ liters.

5.3

Abnormally slow depolarization of the ventricles would most change the shape of the ________ in an ECG tracing.

QRS complex

Type AB blood has which of the following characteristics?

RBCs have both the A & B surface antigens and no ABO plasma antibodies

The adrenal glands receive a blood supply from the ________ arteries.

adrenal

The ________ receives blood from the adrenal gland.

adrenal vein

The clumping of red blood cells, when the specific antibody against the antigen on the cells is added, is called

agglutination

The most abundant plasma protein is

albumin

Which plasma protein transports fatty acids and some hormones?

albumin

Soon after donating 0.5 liters of blood, one would expect

an increased reticulocyte count.

The superior portion of the heart where major blood vessels enter and exit is the

base

Figure 21-2 Veins Use Figure 21-2 to answer the following questions: Identify the vein labeled "6."

external iliac

Tissue factor (Factor III) is a factor in the ________ pathway.

extrinsic

Each of the following factors would increase cardiac output except

increased blood concentration of glucose.

An obstruction in blood flow to the kidneys would ultimately result in

increased erythropoiesis

The two common iliac veins form the

inferior vena cava.

Blood from the brain is drained by the ________ vein.

internal jugular

The ________ is shared by the two ventricles

interventricular septum

Each heme ring in hemoglobin encloses an atom of

iron

Blood is supplied to the muscular wall of the left atrium by the

left coronary artery

The ________ is a remnant of an important fetal blood vessel that once linked the pulmonary and systemic circuits.

ligamentum arteriosum

The inferior portion of the spinal cord and the abdominal wall receive blood from the

lumbar artery.

In the middle of the thoracic cavity is a region occupied by the heart, great vessels, thymus, esophagus, and trachea called the

mediastinum

During a bacterial infection you would expect to see increased numbers of

neutrophils

Fifty to seventy percent of circulating white blood cells are

neutrophils

Non-specific immunity, such as phagocytosis, is a function of which blood cells?

neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes

Areas in a vessel wall where large quantities of lipid accumulate are called

plaques

The smallest arterial branches are called the

precapillary arterioles.

The ________ circuit carries blood to and from the lungs

pulmonary

Most of the iron that is removed from degraded hemoglobin is

recycled to the red bone marrow

Venoconstriction ________ the amount of blood within the venous system, which ________ the volume in the arterial and capillary systems.

reduces; increases

Each of the following will lead to a decrease in blood pressure except

release of renin.

The developmental stage at which erythrocytes enter the circulation is as

reticulocytes

The marginal branch and posterior interventricular branch are branches of the

right coronary artery

The ________ circuit carries blood from the aorta to the right ventricle

systemic

The contraction phase of the cardiac cycle is called

systole

The phase in the cardiac cycle when the mitral valve is closed and the aortic valve is open is the

systolic ejection phase

Near the carotid sinus,

the common carotid divides into an internal and an external branch.

Blood is supplied to the myocardium by

the coronary arteries

You would expect to find fenestrated capillaries in

the pituitary gland.

A cross-match test is performed between donor blood and recipient blood, even though the ABO and Rh blood types match between the two because

there are many more surface antigens on red blood cells other than A, B and Rh

People who suffer from hemophilia A fail to produce a functional Factor VIII; as a result,

they lack a functional intrinsic pathway.

The bronchial arteries branch from the ________ to supply the lung airways.

thoracic aorta

The conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin is catalyzed by the enzyme

thrombin

Veins of the upper arm include all of the following veins except the

ulnar.

The developing fetus receives nutrient rich blood through the

umbilical vein.

The cervical region of the spinal cord is drained by the ________ vein.

vertebral

The most abundant component of plasma is

water

Arteriosclerosis can lead to

All of the answers are correct.

Drugs known as calcium channel blockers such as nifedipine can be used to

All of the answers are correct.

Intercalated discs serve to transfer ________ from cell to cell.

All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following is true about the atrial reflex?

All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following is true of basophils?

All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following statements is true about platelets?

All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following is not true of monocytes?

about same size as basophils

Bill wants to determine his blood type, so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound in his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A sera but not with the anti-B or anti-D sera. What does this mean?

Bill's plasma contains B antibodies

________ involves a cascade of reactions leading to the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.

Coagulation

A genetically engineered hormone that stimulates the production of neutrophils is

G-CSF (Neupogen)

A hormone that stimulates production of granulocytes and monocytes is

GM-CSF

________ is when the heart can't maintain adequate cardiac output

Heart failure

Which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins?

Liver

The heart is innervated by ________ nerves

both parasympathetic and sympathetic

The blood vessel that supplies blood to the upper arm is the ________ artery.

brachial

These vessels may be continuous or fenestrated.

capillaries

The term used to describe fluid collecting in the pericardial cavity that restricts the movement of the heart is known as

cardiac tamponade

A substance that activates plasminogen might be useful to

cause clot dissolution to proceed faster.

The cusps (leaflets) of atrioventricular valves attach directly to

chordae tendineae.

Multiple arteries joined in order to serve a single capillary network are called

collaterals.

The function of an atrium is to

collect blood then pump it to the ventricle

The blood colloid osmotic pressure mostly depends on the

concentration of plasma proteins.

A procedure in which a length of the patient's vein or artery is used to create a detour around an obstruction in a coronary artery is called

coronary arterial bypass graft

The term ________ refers to blockage in the coronary circulation.

coronary artery disease

When the left ventricle contracts, the diameter of the ventricular chamber

decreases

The ________ divides the aorta into the thoracic aorta and the abdominal aorta.

diaphragm

At the ankle, the anterior tibial artery becomes the ________ artery.

dorsalis pedis


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A&P chapter 19 Fluid-Electrolyte & Acid-Base Balance

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