test 1

The basic assumptions of multiculturalism include tolerance, respect, inclusion, sensitivity, and A. Equity. B. Injustice. C. Socialism. D. Freedom.

A. Equity.

The __________________ approach attempts to find commonalities across cultures. A. Etic B. Emic C. Individualistic D. Collectivistic

A. Etic- an attempt to build theories of human behavior by examining commonalities across many cultures. (finding commonalities)

Which of the following is NOT one of the six ways culture is used in everyday language? A. Genetic B. Structural C. Prescriptive D. Historical

A. Genetic

______________________ refers to the meaningful ways in which various social statuses (e.g., race, gender, social class) interact and result in differing experiences with oppression and privilege. A. Intersectionality B. Worldview C. Racism D. Cross-cultural psychology

A. Intersectionality

________________ is when an individual attempts to avoid being publicly revealed for negative behavior. A. Losing/ saving face B. Giving face C. Shame avoidance D. Guilt avoidance

A. Losing/ saving face

In chapter 4 of the textbook, Stella's narrative about her discomfort about people in Korea violating her personal space is an example of ____________________ being different in Korea and the United States. A. Proxemics B. Kinesics C. Paralanguage D. High-context communication

A. Proxemics

Suppose that you are in a conversation with someone and that person tells you a lie. According to Grice's Cooperative Principle, that person is violating the maxim of: A. Quality B. Quantity C. Relevance D. Manner

A. Quality -a communicative presumption that suggests that we tell each other the truth when we engage in a conversation. - who does this?

When participant responses are either numerical or transformed into numerical values for the purpose of comparison, we are using a ________________ form of research. A. Quantitative B. Qualitative C. Nominal D. Normal

A. Quantitative

Which psychologist(s) developed a theory of multicultural counseling and therapy (MCT)? A. Sue, Ivey, and Pedersen B. Sigmund Freud C. Kohlberg and Gilligan D. David Reimer

A. Sue, Ivey, and Pedersen

When confronted with a choice between one's own desires and the needs of the larger group, someone from an individualistic society will: A. be motivated by one's own preferences and needs. B. be motivated by the preferences and needs of the group. C. tend to be motivated by variables other than oneself and one's group D. Tend to act in unpredictable ways.

A. be motivated by one's own preferences and needs.

A researcher is collecting data at a single time across a wide number of age groups. This researcher is interested in seeing if people in their 50s, 60s, and 70s respond alike or differently from one another. This researcher is employing a __________ experimental design. A. cross-sectional (data across different age groups) B. Longitudinal (over a period of time) C. Sequential (combination of cross--sectional and longitudinal) D. Gradual

A. cross-sectional (data across different age groups)

The American Indian concept of time is often expressed in terms of: A. eras B. chronology C. clock time D. the future

A. eras

When we are asking a child to interpret a well-known fairy tale in one culture and compare that child's understanding to a child's interpretation of a well-known fairy tale in another culture, we are seeking: A. functional equivalence. (functionally as opposed to literally) B. Conceptual equivalence. (culturally meaningful equivalent) C. linguistic equivalence . (...Carries with it similar meaning.) D. Metric equivalence. (equivalent numerical scores)

A. functional equivalence. (functionally as opposed to literally)

The distance you stand from people while speaking to them is a form of non verbal communication called: A. proxemics B. kinesics. C. paralanguage. D. high-context communication.

A. proxemics

What example was given in the textbook to illustrate differing world views? A. the O.J. Simpson trial B. Global Warming C. World Poverty D. The spread of HIV

A. the O.J. Simpson trial

In the text, Shon and Ja (1982) presented a case of a Malaysian mother from a lower class whose son wanted to dated the daughter of a higher-class family. The mother from the higher class served tea and bananas, and they talked about everything but their children. The mother from the lower class told her son that he could not date the other woman's daughter because of her ability to. A. understand high-context communication B. understand low-context communication. C. read minds. D. see that her son would not feel comfortable with this woman.

A. understand high-context communication

The _________ approach examines only one culture from within that culture. A. Etic B. Emic C. Individualistic D. Collectivistic

B. Emic- an attempt to derive meaningful concepts within one culture; culturally specific.

_____________________ is determined by both physical and cultural characteristics. A. Race B. Ethnicity C. Genotype D. Nationality

B. Ethnicity

_________________ is when an individual extols the virtues of another person in public. A. Losing/ saving face B. Giving face C. Shame avoidance D. Guilt avoidance

B. Giving face

Which of the following is considered the "fourth force" in psychology? A. Psychoanalysis B. Multicultural psychology C. Humanistic psychology D. Behaviorism

B. Multicultural psychology

"I may be wrong, but I think this is interesting." The phrase "I may be wrong" is an example of a(n) A. Tag question B. Qualifier C. Introductory statement D. Prologue

B. Qualifier

When participant responses are judged to see if common themes emerge, we are using a ___________________ approach to research. A. Quantitative B. Qualitative C. Nominal D. Normal

B. Qualitative (thematic saturation)

You say, "Hi, how are you?" and your conversational partner proceeds to tell you everything that happened to her that day. She is violating Grice's Cooperative Principle maxim of: A. Quality B. Quantity C. Relevance D. Manner

B. Quantity -a communicative presumption that suggests that we contribute an appropriate amount of talk when we engage in a conversation. - who does this?

Someone says to you, "This is real interesting" in a sarcastic tone. This person is using Norman and Rummelhart's addition to the Cooperative Principle maxim of A. Relations with conversational partner. B. Rule violations C. Manner D. Relevance

B. Rule violations -a communicative presumption that suggests that we signal our conversational partners when we are about to engage in a violation of one of the other maxims.

One advantage of high-context communication is that it allows individuals to A. feel free to express themselves. B. avoid confrontations. C. be blunt and direct D. inquire about conflicting messages.

B. avoid confrontations.

When confronted with a choice between one's own desires and the needs of the larger group, someone from a collectivistic society will: A. be motivated by one's own preferences and needs. B. be motivated by the preferences and needs of the group. C. tend to be motivated by variables other than oneself and one's group. D. tend to act in unpredictable ways.

B. be motivated by the preferences and needs of the group.

When we seek to find terms or phrases whose meanings are culturally equivalent between two cultures, we are seeking: A. functional equivalence. B. conceptual equivalence. C. linguistic equivalence. D. Metric equivalence.

B. conceptual equivalence.

A researcher designs a study so that aspects of the study mirror the outside world, including multiple potential influences upon the study's results. This researcher is primarily concerned with A. internal validity. (changes in the experiment made a difference.) B. external validity. (generalizability) C. the control group. D. the experimental group.

B. external validity. (generalizability)

Using hand gestures while talking is an example of the nonverbal communication called A. proxemics B. kinesics C. paralanguage D. high-context communication

B. kinesics

According to Sternberg's theory of intelligence, if you are able to transfer knowledge you learn through book learning into ways of behaving in the real world, you are using ____________________ intelligence. A. analytic B. practical C. memorization D. creative

B. practical

In collectivistic cultures, A. guilt is a more important negative emotion than is shame. B. shame is more important negative emotion than is guilt. C. guilt and shame are equally important negative emotions D. neither guilt nor shame are very important negative emotions.

B. shame is more important negative emotion than is guilt.

The textbook defines culture as the values, beliefs, and practices of a group of people, shared through symbols________________________. A. that die out from generation to generation. B. th.at are passed down from generation to generation C. that are only practiced by the elders in the population. D. that represent the phenotypic features shared by the population

B. th.at are passed down from generation to generation

According to Lakoff's (1975) examination of gender and language, which of the following are women most likely to say? A. "I feel this is a great idea." B. "This is a great idea.: C. "This is a great idea, don't you think?" D. "You are wrong; this is a great idea."

C. "This is a great idea, don't you think?"

Gardner's theory of intelligence suggests that eight aptitudes should be considered forms of intelligence. All of the following are examples of Gardner's types of intelligence except. A. Linguistic B. Spatial C. Creative D. Intrapersonal

C. Creative

The ________________________ was a medieval belief in the hierarchical structure of all life in which those nearest the top of the hierarchy were considered closest to perfection, or to God. A. Origin of the Species B. Survival of the Fittest C. Great Chain of Being D. Stairway to Heaven

C. Great Chain of Being

Lilly's story about her supervisor getting off on tangents whenever she ask him a question is an example of: A. Quality B. Quantity C. Relevance D. Manner

C. Relevance

Your friend asks you the answer to a mathematics question and you begin talking about the picnic you had over the weekend. You are violating Grice's Cooperative Principle maxim of: A. Quality B. Quantity C. Relevance D. Manner

C. Relevance - a communicative presumption that suggests that our discussion is relevant to the conversation.

One of the major premises of multicultural psychology is that A. all cultures are the same. B. all behavior can be explained by genetic influences. C. all behavior occurs in a cultural context. D. culture is too complex to be understood or studied effectively.

C. all behavior occurs in a cultural context.

If a therapist diagnoses ethnic minorities displaying the same symptoms as their White counterparts as having schizophrenia whereas the therapist diagnoses the White clients as having bipolar disorder, this therapist is demonstrating a: A. problem of treatment. B. problem of identification. C. bias of the user of the test. D. bias in the usage of the test.

C. bias of the user of the test.

We are interested in reducing anxiety. We give one group an anti-anxiety medication and the other group a sugar pill. The group that receives the anti-anxiety medication is called the A. anxiety group. B. medication group. C. experimental group. D. control group.

C. experimental group.

Silences in conversations are examples of the nonverbal communication called: A. proxemics B. kinesics C. paralanguage D. high-context communication

C. paralanguage

According to Hall (1976), Latinos tend to engage in more interpersonal touching when conversing with others. This touching is a sign of : A. control B. coldness C. warmth D. Low-contact communication

C. warmth

An international student from Japan felt that he was not invited to join his fellow American graduate students in a bar on Fridays, whereas the graduate students had the norm of anyone just being able to show up to the bar. Brislin (2000) called this a(n) A. purposeful snub by the American students B. oversensitivity on the part of the Japanese student. C. well-meaning clash. D. unfortunate disaster.

C. well-meaning clash.

The Term culture is typically used in everyday language to refer to the following except: A. regular or expected behaviors of a particular group. B. Different types of music, art, and dance. C. Food, Clothing, History, and traditions. D. Genetic Determinants of Behavior

D. Genetic Determinants of Behavior

You talk to your grandmother is a very disrespectful way. You are violating Grice's Cooperative Principle maxim of: A. Quality B. Quantity C. Relevance D. Manner

D. Manner a communicative presumption that suggests that we are clear in our language and that we pay attention to normal standards of conversation, such as not shouting at someone who is right in front of us.

Psychologists who study culture refers to all the follow EXCEPT: A. the values of a particular group of people. B. the guiding beliefs or principles of a particular group of people. C. the behaviors of typical activities of a particular group of people. D. an individual's personal thoughts and beliefs regarding likes and dislikes.

D. an individual's personal thoughts and beliefs regarding likes and dislikes

Ribeau et al. (1999) discussed important issues in African American communication with White Americans. All of the following are examples of such issues except A. negative stereotyping. B. personal expressiveness. C. goal attainment. D. character assessment.

D. character assessment.

The dramatically different responses of the African American and European American communities to the O.J. Simpson trial were used in the textbook as an example of: A. the historical development of racial categories. B. important events in the history of multicultural psychology. C. differing definitions of culture. D. differences in worldview.

D. differences in worldview.

The first generation of research of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) issues focused on A. depathologizing homosexuality. B. LGB identity. C. the coming-out process. D. homosexuality as a psychological disorder.

D. homosexuality as a psychological disorder.

Derald Wing Sue's worldview model examines the dimensions of: A. locus of control and locus of reason. B. locus of reason and locus of responsibility. C. locus of responsibility and locus of concern. D. locus of responsibility and locus of control.

D. locus of responsibility and locus of control.

An important aspect of "saving face" is: A. keeping one's material goods. B. keeping one's spiritual goods. C. preserving one's dignity in private. D. preserving one's dignity in public.

D. preserving one's dignity in public.

In a typically constructed research study, the control group is selected: A. after selecting the experimental group. B. from a separate pool than is the experimental group. C. systematically. D. through random selection.

D. through random selection.