TEST 2
what is placed between the toes to avoid smudging the polish during a pedicure procedure
toe separators
what tool is used to trim thick toenails
toenail trimmers
all of the following descriptions are true about nails EXCEPT
toenails grows faster than fingernails
what product protects colored polish from chipping, fading, or peeling
topcoat
pincer nail have an extreme c curve aka
trumpet nails
tamara notices a client has signs of leukonychia, what should she do
use caution when removing surface shine
a piece of equipment used for storage of tools only after they have been disinfected is known as
uv cabinet
what should a nail professional do before beginning any service or examination
wash their hands and put on proper PPE
what tool is used to shorten natural nails
nail clippers
which of the following items is an example of a nonporous tool that must be cleaned and disinfected after each use
nail clippers
the length of what nail structure determines the thinness or thickness of the nail plate
nail matrix
the length off what nail structure determines the thinness or thickness of the nail plate
nail matrix
the distal phalanx helps give shape to the nail matrix which in turn shapes the
nail plate
the part of the nail that extends from the matrix to the free edge is the
nail plate
what natural nail shape tends to break more easily
pointed
to prevent damage to the natural nails what grit file should be used
240 grit or higher
under normal circumstances it takes how long for a fingernail to replace itself
4-6 months
spence is preparing the nail service area for a client. what is the recommended room temperature
70F-75F
a client has horizontal grooves on their nails, what service modification can be performed to even out the surface of the nails
apply base coat or ridge filler
a client has horizontal grooves on their nails, what service modification cane performed to even out the surface of the nails
apply base coat or ridge filler
if your client shows signs of koilonychia (spoon nails) you should do all of the following EXCEPT
apply strong pressure to nail plate
what is described as the controlled use of essential oils for specific outcomes
aromatherapy
when preparing a client for a natural nail service
ask client to remove jewelry
when preparing your work area, it is important to
assemble products
onychatrophia
atrophy of the nail
a green or yellow discoloration that commonly occurs on the surface of the nail or between the nail plate and nail bed can indicate a
bacterial infection
onychorrhexis is a term indication the nail condition of split or
brittle nails
blood trapped under the nail caused by trauma to the nail bed is the nail condition of
bruised nails
which of the following descriptions identifies the 3-stroke application of polish
center, side, side
while examining the nails before a service, it is important to
check for contraindications
which of the following actions would help to ensure client comfort during the create service essential
checking the client's chair for appropriate height
the process of using natural substances along with other ingredients to cause a chemical reaction to remove dead skin cells aka
chemical exfoliation
what nail disease, commonly referred to as "greenies", is caused by the bacteria aka pseudomonas aeruginosa
chloronychia
obtaining client consent before proceeding with the service occurs during which service essential
consult
what nail supply is used for obtaining products from their containers to prevent cross-contamination
cosmetic spatula
gel polish has to have which of the following to cure
curing lamp
the thin, pliable, colorless layer of non-living tissue that attaches to the nail plate known as
cuticle
what product is used to keep the cuticle soft and pliable during the cuticle removal
cuticle cream
which of the following products increases nail plate flexibility
cuticle oil
what tool has a shape designed to follow the natural curve of the nail
cuticle pusher
a nail professional is preparing to remove polish from the nail plate. how should the polish be removed
cuticle to free edge
all of the following descriptions are a benefit of massage EXCEPT
decreased blood circulation
when exfoliating, massage the product into the client's hands or feet using what massage movement
effleurage
a supply used to shorten and shape the free edge of the nail is called
emery board
what live tissue at the underside of the proximal nail fold covers the new growth of the nail plate
eponychium
the cause of a disease, disorder or condition is referred to as
etiology
the free edge of the nail appears wider than the nail base in which of the following nail conditions
fan nails
the part of the nail plate that extends beyond the tips of the fingers or toes is called the
free edge
the free edge of the nail is polished white or another color with an emphasized "smile line" during what nail service
french
a circular or wringing movement with no gliding, describes which massage movement
friction
vertical depressions down the nail plate aka vertical grooves
furrows
all of the following descriptions are true of gel polish EXCEPT
gel polish chips, breaks and peels easily
if a nail is lost through disease or infection, what may often happen to the regrown nail
grows back distorted
a product that can be used to reduce pathogens on the skin before a hand examination is called a
hand sanitizer
manicure refers to the cosmetic care of the
hands and fingernails
very thin, soft nails that curve over the free edge and may be see through are identified as the nail condition of
hapalonychia
what does capping the free edge accomplish when polishing the nail
helps prevent chipping
which of the following masks would be used to deeply condition the skin of the hands or feet and help protect from environmental stress
hydrating
the living tissue under the free edge that prevents bacteria from entering the nail bed is known as the
hyponychium
a benefit of a paraffin treatment is to
increase product absorption
a benefit of a hot stone treatment is
increased blood circulation
nails are made of a hardened protein known as
keratin
which of the following nail structures creates a barrier against harmful bacteria and chemicals
keratinized proximal nail fold
a guide for improving the overall appearance of the client's nail shape is to mirror the shape of the
keratinized proximal nail fold (KPNF)
onychia is an inflammation of the proximal nail folds or
lateral nail folds
the nail sidewalls or perionychium aka
lateral nail folds
the nail bed is attached to the bone by specialized
ligaments
while removing cuticle tissue with a metal cuticle pusher use
light, quick, circular movements
what is the half moon shape at the base of the nail
lunula
which of the following actions occurs once the nail service is complete
making product recommendations
what piece of equipment is used to store products and carry out services in other areas of the nail salon/spa
manicure cart
what cream, clay or gel product is used to hydrate, soothe, and improve skin condition
mask
aisha accidentally closed her finger in a door. The nail on that finger eventually fell off and later grew back distorted. What nail structure has possibly been permanently damaged
matrix
what describes the nail disease of onychomadesis
matrix stops creating nail plate cells
a brown or black darkening of the nail that often appears as a stripe running the length of the nail plate is a nail disorder aka
melanonychia
communicating with the client before and during the nail service will help avoid
misunderstandings
what is the purpose of the nail grooves
move nail on track as it grows
a small, fluid-filled sac that develops on the finger, usually close to the nearest finger joint is referred to as a
myxoid cyst
considered an appendage of the skin
nail
the nail plate rests on which area of the nail
nail bed
what product is used to remove nail stains or discoloration on the nail plate
nail bleach
what tool is used to completely remove cuticle remover from the nail and skin
nail brush
a warm professional welcome for a client would include all of the following actions EXCEPT
negative body language
prior to a service erika observes indicators that a client may have onychomycosis. how should erika proceed?
no nail service maybe performed
a plicatured nail can be described as
one or both lateral nail folds angle sharply into the soft tissue
a nail professional should pay attention to visual signs that may prevent a nail service. what is a nail disease that would prevent a nail service
onychatrophia
an abnormal outgrowth or thickening of the nail plate is called
onychauxis
the disorder in which the nail grows into the edge of the lateral nail fold or nail bed, causing ingrown nails, called
onychocryptosis
glassy, grayish band where the nail plate meets the hyponychium is the
onychodermal band
what nail disorder can be identified as increased thickness or curvature of the nail that most often occurs in the big toe
onychogryphosis
the study of the structure and growth of the nails is called
onychology
loosening or separation of the nail plate from the nail bed is referred to as
onycholysis
a contagious fungal infection of the nails is known as tinea unguium
onychomycosis
another term for bitten nails is
onychophagy
improper filing, injury to the matrix or contact with harsh solvents could be causes of
onychorrhexis
any disease, disorder or condition of the nail is called
onychosis
what supply is used to clean under the free edge of the nail
orangewood stick
during a nail service, apply colored polish
over the base coat
what is a common cause of brittle nails
overuse of nail solvents
an infected hangnail can lead to the bacterial infection aka
paronychia
gentle manipulation of joints with stretching describes what massage movement
passive
which of the following massage movements is described as light or heaving kneading
petrissage
why is a base coat used when polishing the nails
promotes adhesion
the job of the proximal nail fold is to
protect the nail matrix
the primary purpose of the free edge of the nail is to
protects tips of finger and toes
what skin structure extends from the first joint of the finger to the visible plate, back under the skin, to the nail matrix
proximal nail fold
living skin that becomes attached to the nail plate at the proximal nail or hyponychium is referred to as
pterygium
which of the following nail diseases is described as a small round lesion that can form on the hand, foot or nail bed
pyogenic granuloma
a nail product that aids in the fast drying of traditional polish
quick dry
a massage method that uses pressure on specific points of the feet, hands and sometimes he ears aka
reflexology
if a client experiences a contra-action during a natural nail service, the nail professional should
remove al products immediately
beveling the natural nails is used to
remove frayed fibers
what is the function of a curette
removes debris from nail groove
before using a new nail filed on a client, the sharp edges need to be softened. what is this process called
scoring
which of the following products is used as a manual exfoliant
scrub
nail psoriasis is a disorder identified by
shallow or deep holes in the nail
in what direction should the natural nails be filed
sides to center
what type of mask is used to target callused areas of the hand and feet
skin softening
which of the following products is a manual exfoliant to the skin in a thing layer, allows to dry and then rubbed off to remove dead skin cells
sloughing lotion
how is gel polish removed from a natural nail
soak off with remover product
how should a callus be treated during a pedicure
soften and then reduce using a foot file
what nail condition is indicated bye red-brown vertical lines under the nail caused when small capillaries bleed in the nail bed
splinter hemorrhages
onychoschizia or delamination is a nail condition indicated by
splitting or peeling of the nail plate typically at the free edge
when shaping the nails, holding the file at a 90 degree angle will give the client what shape
square
what would a nail professional do to test a client's nails for strength
squeeze the side of nail
when applying gel polish, what is the inhibition layer
sticky layer that remains after curing
how should toenails be filed to avoid ingrown nail
straight across
