Test 3 Nutrition

All of the following are good food sources of vitamin D except: A. Citrus fruits B. Tuna C. Salmon D. Fortified milk

A. Citrus fruits

To temporarily increase the body's water content, s person need only A. Consume extra salt B. Consume extra sugar C. Take a diuretic D. Consume extra potassium

A. Consume extra salt

The water soluble vitamins are characterized by all of the following except: A. Excesses are stored and easily build up to toxic concentrations B. They travel freely in the blood C. Excesses are easily excreted and seldom build up toxic concentrations D. B and C

A. Excesses are stored and easily build up to toxic concentrations

Which of these mineral supplements can easily cause accidental poisoning in children? A. Iron B. Sodium C. Magnesium D. Potassium

A. Iron

A deficiency of niacin may result in which disease? A. Pellagra B. Beriberi C. Scury D. Rickets

A. Pellagra

Which of the following is (are) rich source(s) of vitamin E? A. Raw vegetable oil B. Colorful foods, such as carrots C. Dairy products D. Raw cabbage

A. Raw vegetable oil

Fat soluble vitamins are mostly absorbed into A. The lymph B. the blood C. The extracellular fluid D. B and C

A. The lymph

What is the primary food source of vitamin E for Americans? A. Vegetable oils B. Dairy C. Citrus fruits D. Green vegetables

A. Vegetable oils

On average, young men in the US obtain ___ calories per day from beverages A. 200 B. 600 C. 1,200 D. 2,000

B. 600

What percent of U.S adults aged 50 years and older have low bone mass, a condition called osteopenia? A. Almost a quarter B. Almost half C. Almost 3/4 D. Almost everyone

B. Almost half (50%)

Which of these B vitamins is (are) present only in foods of animal origin? A. Niacin B. B12 C. Riboflavin D. A and C

B. B12

What is the main function of vitamin K? A. Transport proteins around the body B. help blood to clot C. provide energy for cells D. Restore the integrity of the cell membrane

B. Help blood to clot

Vitamin k A. Can be made from exposure to sunlight B. Can be obtained from most milk products C. Can be made by digestive tract bacteria D. B and C

C. Can be made by digestive tract bacteria

A ___ is a compound that causes increased urinary water excretion.

Diuretic

Vitamin B12 and ___ help cells multiply.

Folate

Large doses of ________, a water-soluble vitamin, have been prescribed to help improve blood lipids associated with cardiovascular disease.

Niacin

Compounds in foods converted into active vitamins by the body are ___, also called provitamins

Precursors

T/F Beta-carotene from food is not converted to retinol effeciently enough to cause vitamin A toxicity

True

T/F Most water-soluble vitamins are not stored in tissues to any great extent.

True

T/F Trabecular bone readily gives up its minerals whenever blood calcium needs replenishing

True

T/F Vitamin D functions as a hormone to help maintain bone integrity.

True

T/F: a B vitamin often forms part of an enzyme's active site, where a chemical reaction takes place

True

Which of the following describes the fat-soluble vitamins? A. Few functions in the body B. Easily absorbed and excreted C. Stored abundantly in tissues D: a and c

c. stored abundantly in tissues

Vitamin C deficiency symptoms include: A. Red spots B. Loose teeth C. Anemia D. All of the above

d. all of the above

Which of the following foods are rich in beta-carotene? A. Sweet potatoes B. Pumpkin C. Spinach D. All of the above

d. all of the above

Cup for cup, which of the following plant foods in their cooked form has the highest amount of calcium? A. Bok Choy B. Kale C. Broccoli D. Turnip greens

B. Kale

Which of the following is NOT a major function of Vitamin A? A. Reproduction and growth B. Muscle contraction and nerve transmission C. Immune function D. Cell differentiation

B. Muscle contraction and nerve transmission

The DRI committee recommends that the reference man needs about 13 cups of fluids a day in addition to a normal diet and the reference woman needs about 9 cups. On average, most people in the US consume close to these amounts EXCEPT for ___ A. 30-45 year olds B. Older adults C. Toddlers D. Teens

B. Older adults

Too little ___ in the diet is associated with osteoporosis A. B12 B. Protein C. Sodium D. Niacin

B. Protein

Water soluble vitamins are mostly absorbed into ___. A. The lymph B. The blood C. The extracellular fluid D. B and C

B. The blood

All of the following inhibit iron absorption EXCEPT: A. Calcium and phosphorus B. Vitamin C C. Tannins and fiber D. Tea and coffee

B. Vitamin C

B vitamins often act as A. Antioxidants B. Blood clotting factors C. Coenzymes D. None of the above

C. Coenzymes

What is the consequence of iodine deficiency during pregnancy? A. Anemia B. Goiter C. Cretinism in newborn D. Brittle bones

C. Cretinism in newborn

What two minerals are the major constituents of bone? A. Calcium and zinc B. Sodium and magnesium C. Phosphorus and calcium D. Magnesium and calcium

C. Phosphorus and calcium

Which of the following foods is a rich source of thiamin? A. Cabbage B. Peanut butter C. Pork chop D. Tomatoes

C. Pork chop

Which deficiency disease is attributed to a lack of vitamin C? A. Rickets B. Pellagra C. Scurvy D. Beriberi

C. Scurvy

The top food sources of zinc include ___. A. Grapes B. Unleavened bread C. Shellfish D. Potato

C. Shellfish

The mineral ___ is responsible for the stomachs acidity.

Chloride

Water balance is governed by the: A. Liver B. Kidneys C. Brain D. B and C

D. B and C

All of the following are functions of vitamin C EXCEPT which one? A. Collagen synthesis B. Boosting iron absorption C. Antioxidant D. Cell differentiation

D. Cell differentiation

In adults with vitamin D defieciency, poor bone mineralization can lead to ___. A. Pellagra B. Pernicious anemia C. Scurvy D. Osteomalacia

D. Osteomalacia

Which of the fat-soluble vitamins was originally named tocopherol? A. Vitamin k B. Vitamin D C. Vitamin A D. Vitamin E

D. Vitamin E

T/F After about 60 years of age, bones begin to lose density

False, after about age 40 the vines begin to lose density

T/F Dairy foods such as butter, cream, and cream cheese are good sources of calcium, whereas vegetables such as broccoli are poor sources.

False. Butter, cream, and cream cheese contain negligible calcium, being almost pure fat. Some vegetables, such as broccoli, are good sources of available calcium. I

T/F The most abundant mineral in the body is iron

False. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body.

T/F: The theory that vitamin C prevents or cures colds is well supported by research.

False. No study to date has conclusively demonstrated that vitamin C can prevent colds or reduce their severity.

T/F: the FDA has extensive regulatory control over supplement sales

False. The FDA has little control over supplement sales.

T/F: vitamin K is necessary for the synthesis of key bone proteins

True

A deficiency of which mineral is a leading cause of mental retardation worldwide? A. Iron B. Iodine C. Zinc D. Chromium

b. iodine

The plant derived precursor to vitamin A is

beta-carotene

Vitamin E is famous for its role A. In maintaining bone tissue integrity B. In maintaining connective tissue integrity C. In protecting tissues from oxidation D. As a precursor for Vitamin C

c. in protecting tissues from oxidation