Test 3 Phys1310 Holtz Chapter 15

Does a hot object contain internal energy or does it contain heat? - Neither internal energy nor heat - Internal energy - Heat - Both internal energy and heat

- Internal energy

Room temperature on the Kelvin scale is about

300 K.

The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C is 4.19 Calories. 4.19 joules. 4.19 calories. none of the above

4.19 joules.

Does a substance that heats up quickly have a high or a low specific heat capacity? A low specific heat capacity A high specific heat capacity Specific heat capacity does not matter. Larger objects heat up more quickly, independent of specific heat capacity.

A low specific heat capacity

Which unit represents the most energy? calorie joule Calorie all the same

Calorie

Why is ice less dense than water?

Ice crystallizes with an open structure, and the gaps that form between the water molecules in ice increase its volume.

A temperature difference of 10 Celsius degrees is also equal to a temperature difference of 10 on the

Kelvin scale.

Can an object be both a good absorber and a good reflector at the same time?

No. A good absorber reflects very little light.

Since all objects emit energy to their surroundings, why don't the temperatures of all objects continuously decrease?

Objects that are good emitters are equally good absorbers, so they absorb radiation as well as emit it.

Why are materials such as wood, fur, feathers, and even snow good insulators?

Outer electrons in these materials are firmly attached.

Relatively speaking, do high-frequency waves have long wavelengths or short wavelengths? Name an electromagnetic wave with higher frequency than blue light. Short, ultraviolet Long, infrared Short, infrared Long, ultraviolet

Short, ultraviolet

What is terrestrial radiation?

Terrestrial radiation is infrared radiation emitted by Earth's surface.

Long ago a runaway greenhouse effect transformed the planet Mars. Mercury. Venus. all of the above

Venus.

How does the specific heat capacity of water compare with the specific heat capacities of other common materials?

Water has a higher specific heat capacity than most common materials.

Why does all the water in a lake have to be cooled to 4°C before the surface water can be cooled below 4°C?

When water is cooled to 4°C, it sinks and deeper, warmer, water rises to the surface.

If you measure the width of an outdoor barn with a steel tape on a very cold day, your measured width will be

a bit long.

The air in your room is composed of molecules that have nearly identical speeds. no speeds worth mentioning. a wide variety of speeds.

a wide variety of speeds.

Objects that radiate relatively well absorb radiation relatively well. reflect radiation relatively well. both of these neither of these

absorb radiation relatively well.

Which body glows with electromagnetic waves? the Sun the Earth you and your classmates all of the above

all of the above

When water at 4°C is heated it expands. If it is instead cooled it will

also expand.

Heat energy is measured in units of joules. calories. both of these neither of these

both of these

The lower the temperature of an object, the lower the frequency of radiation it emits. longer the wavelengths it radiates. both of these neither of these

both of these

A parcel of warmed air rises due to

buoyancy.

A region of expanding air tends to cool. warm. both of the these neither of these

cool.

Newton's law of cooling applies to objects that undergo _________.

cooling or warming

If a pizza radiates more energy than it absorbs, its temperature

decreases.

If the temperature of a sample of water at 0°C is slightly increased, its volume remains the same. decreases. increases.

decreases.

When we speak about heat we refer to ___________. energy in transit transfer of kinetic energy temperature work

energy in transit

When most substances are heated, molecules inside move faster and take up more space, resulting in thermal _______________.

expansion.

What type of gas absorbs and re-emits infrared radiation?

greenhouse gases

A substance that heats up relatively slowly has a

high specific heat capacity.

When a hot object makes thermal contact with a cold object, the direction of internal energy flow is from hot to cold temperature is from hot to cold. both of these neither of these

internal energy flow is from hot to cold

When we enlarge a photograph of an iron ring, the image of the hole becomes

larger.

Molecules in a region of expanding air more often collide with neighboring molecules that are receding. nearly out of range. approaching.

receding.

If the specific heat capacity of water were lower than it is, a nice hot bath would be a

shorter experience

The higher the temperature of an object, the

shorter the wavelengths it radiates.

A substance with a high thermal inertia has a high energy content. temperature, in many cases. heat conductivity. specific heat capacity.

specific heat capacity.

Temperature is most closely related to molecular - kinetic energy. - mechanical energy in general. - electrical energy. - potential energy.

- kinetic energy.

The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1°C is ___________. 1 joule 1 joule or 1 calorie, as both are the same 1 newton 1 calorie

1 calorie

When 10 grams of hot water cool by 1°C, the amount of heat given off is When 10 grams of hot water cool by 1°C, the amount of heat given off is 41.9 Calories. 41.9 calories. 41.9 joules. more than 41.9 joules. none of the above

41.9 joules.

Which will normally warm faster: a black pot of cold water or a silvered pot of cold water? Which will cool faster? Black, black Silver, black Black, silver Silver, silver

Black, black

Which temperature scales have equal sized degrees?

Celsius and Kelvin

When a bimetallic bar made of copper and iron strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip. The reason for this is A) iron expands more than copper B) iron gets hotter before copper C) copper gets hotter before iron D) copper expands more than iron

D) copper expands more than iron

Which temperature scale has the smallest sized degrees?

Fahrenheit

Each of the following items states a temperature, but does not tell you whether the temperature is measured on the Fahrenheit, Celsius, or Kelvin scale. Match the items to the appropriate temperature scale.

Fahrenheit : A hot summer day might be 100. Ice cream is stored in freezers at 26. Celcius: Liquid wate rboils at 100. Water freezes into ice at 0. A typical room tempertature is 24. Kelvin: Water boils into gas phase at 373.15. The coldest possible temp is 0.

In which direction does heat flow spontaneously between hot and cold objects? From low temperature to high temperature From low internal energy to high internal energy From high temperature to low temperature From high internal energy to low internal energy

From high temperature to low temperature

Why do substances expand when their temperature is increased? Higher-temperature substances have less internal energy. Higher-temperature substances have greater electrical repulsion. Higher-temperature substances experience crystal collapse. Higher-temperature substances have greater molecular motion.

Higher-temperature substances have greater molecular motion.

If the temperature of a sample of water at 4°C is slightly lowered, its volume

If the temperature of a sample of water at 4°C is slightly lowered, its volume

Does a good insulator prevent heat from escaping or slow its passage?

Insulators slow the passage of heat.

What determines whether an object is a net absorber or a net emitter of radiant energy at a given time?

It is determined by the temperature of the object relative to its surroundings. Hotter objects are net emitters.

If you touch the metal sides in an oven with your bare hand, you're in trouble. But hold your hand briefly in the oven air and you're okay. What does this tell you about the relative conductivities of metal and air?

Metal is a good conductor of heat, whereas air is a terrible conductor of heat.

How does the peak frequency of radiant energy relate to the absolute temperature of the radiating source? How does the peak frequency of radiant energy relate to the absolute temperature of the radiating source? The peak frequency decreases as temperature increases. The peak frequency increases to a maximum then decreases as temperature increases. The peak frequency increases as temperature increases. The peak frequency stays the same as temperature increases.

The peak frequency increases as temperature increases.

Why does the direction of coastal winds change from day to night?

The specific heat of water is greater than the specific heat of land. Water cools more slowly at night. The temperature difference drives convection and offshore winds.

How is heat similar to and different from internal energy? - Heat and internal energy are two names for the same thing. - Heat is not a form of energy, whereas internal energy is. - They are both forms of energy, but heat flows, whereas internal energy does not. - They are both forms of energy, but heat flow is kinetic energy, whereas internal energy is entirely potential energy.

They are both forms of energy, but heat flows, whereas internal energy does not.

Every equation in physics reminds us of a lesson: we can never change only one thing. When we change the composition of the atmosphere we likely also change its average temperature. its transparency. Earth's climate. its reflectivity. all of the above

all of the above

Which of these are good insulators? feathers. wood. snow. all the above none of the above

all the above

If you were caught in freezing weather with only a candle for heat, you would be warmer in n igloo. a car. a wooden house. a tent.

an igloo.

Pour a liter of water at 40°C into a liter of water at 20°C and the final temperature of the two becomes less than 30°C. at or about 30°C. more than 30°C.

at or about 30°C.

A liter of hot water will cool to room temperature faster in a A liter of cold water will warm to room temperature faster in a

black pot.

Because of trapped air inside, snow is a

both a good insulator and a poor conductor.

If a volume of air is warmed, it expands and tends to

cool.

Aluminum has a specific heat capacity more than twice that of copper. Place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the one to undergo the fastest increase in temperature will be aluminum. copper. both the same

copper.

If you wish to expand the volume of a sample of water at 4°C

either of these

The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has much to do with water's good conductivity. high evaporation rate. high specific heat capacity. absorption of solar energy. vast supply of internal energy.

high specific heat capacity.

Materials composed of molecules that absorb large amounts of energy in the form of internal vibrations and rotations have

high specific heats.

An apple pie will be a net emitter of energy when its temperature is

higher than its surroundings.

If the temperature of a sample of water at 4°C is slightly increased, its volume remains the same. decreases. increases.

increases

Aluminum has a higher specific heat capacity than iron. This means that for equal masses of aluminum and iron, the metal that heats more quickly when the same amount of heat is applied is iron. aluminum. need more information

iron.

On a cold day your feet feel warmer on a rug than on a tile floor because a rug

is a poorer conductor.

When an object absorbs as much as it radiates it remains at about the same temperature. it is a net absorber. it is a net radiator. none of the above

it remains at about the same temperature.

When an iron ring is heated, the hole becomes smaller. larger. neither smaller nor larger. either smaller or larger, depending on the ring thickness.

larger.

If a poor absorber of radiation were a good emitter, its temperature would be

less than its surroundings.

Hot sand cools off faster at night than plants and vegetation. This indicates that the specific heat capacity for sand is ___________. less than that of plants unrelated to rate of cooling likely the same as that of plants more than that of plants

less than that of plants

One of water's interesting thermal properties is that when heated it takes a relatively

long time in changing temperature.

Metals are good conductors of both heat and electricity due to

looseness of outer electrons in metal atoms.

The reason you can walk barefoot on red-hot coals of wood without burning your feet mainly involves

low conductivity of the coals.

A substance that cools down faster than others has a low specific heat capacity. high specific heat capacity. either of these neither of these

low specific heat capacity.

A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a

low specific heat capacity.

The fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that the specific heat capacity of sand is relatively

low.

Due to the presence of ice crystals in nearly frozen liquid water, the density of water is

lower.

When coal dust is spread on snow on a sunny day

more melting occurs.

Pour two liters of water at 40°C into one liter of water at 20°C and the final temperature of the two becomes

more than 30°C.

Heat travels from the Sun to Earth by the process of _________.

radiation

A Thermos bottle has double glass walls with silver coating on the glass surfaces that face each other. The silver coating reduces energy transfer by radiation. convection. conduction. all the above none of the above

radiation.

The form of heat transfer that doesn't depend on a medium is radiation. conduction. convection. all of the above

radiation.

The planet Earth loses heat primarily by conduction. convection. radiation. all of the above

radiation.

The specific heat capacity is highest for substances that absorb or release large quantities of heat for correspondingly

small temperature changes.

Heat energy travels from an object with a high internal energy to an object with a lower internal energy. temperature to an object with a lower temperature. both of the above none of the above

temperature to an object with a lower temperature

Waves emitted by the Sun and terrestrial wave emissions are

the same except for their frequencies and wavelengths.

A block of wood and a block of copper will feel neither hot nor cold to the touch when they each have

your temperature.