Test Chapter 7-9

Stimulants such as Ritalin or Adderall are commonly prescribed to treat

ADHD

Which of the following is TRUE about emergency contraceptive pills?

B) Multiple brands are available over-the-counter with no age restrictions.

Which of the following occurs within 24 hours of quitting smoking?

Chance of heart attack decreases.

A birth defect that occurs more frequently in babies born to mothers over the age of 35 is

Down syndrome.

Which of the following is TRUE about psilocybin?

It can cause hallucinations.

Psychoactive drugs have which type of effect on the body?

They enhance, suppress, or interfere with the actions of neurotransmitters.

Which of the following is a smoking cessation medication?

Zyban

Urinating frequently after alcohol consumption occurs because

alcohol is a diuretic

The fluid-filled, protective pouch surrounding the fetus is the

amniotic sac.

The interaction of two or more drugs at the same receptor site in which one blocks the action of the other is

antagonism

The last stage of liver disease that can result from years of heavy drinking is

cirrhosis

A form of alcohol that metabolizes slowly and produces toxic byproducts is a(n)

congener

The various methods used to prevent pregnancy are known as

contraception

The development of a tolerance to one drug that reduces the effects of another similar drug is

cross-tolerance

When drugs activate the brain's pleasure circuit, what neurotransmitter is involved

dopamine

Using a drug for a purpose other than that for which it is intended is

drug misuse

The implantation of a fertilized egg outside the uterus, usually in a fallopian tube, is called

ectopic pregnancy

A disease associated with smoking in which alveoli are destroyed is known as

emphysema

Breast-fed infants

have a decreased incidence of illness.

Chewing tobacco can lead to a condition characterized by leathery white patches inside the mouth known as

leukoplakia

The main site of alcohol metabolism is the

liver

the effects of fetal alcohol syndrome include

mental retardation

Ecstasy is a stimulant and a(n)

mild hallucinogen

marijuana today is

much more potent than it was in the 1960s.

If you have questions about synergistic drug interactions involving prescription medications, you should talk to a

pharmacist of physician

Among American adults, the second most commonly abused type of drug, after marijuana, is

prescription drugs

Bidis are becoming increasingly popular because they are viewed as safer than regular cigarettes. Research shows that bidis actually

produce three times more carbon monoxide and nicotine than cigarettes.

The depressant effects of alcohol become apparent at a blood alcohol concentration of

0.08 percent

How many Americans suffer from health disorders caused by tobacco each year

10 million

Which of the following is TRUE about environmental tobacco smoke

ETS exposure is higher among African Americans and low-income persons

Which of the following is TRUE about nutrition and exercise during pregnancy

Exercise can be beneficial, but the woman should consult with her physician first

Which of the following is TRUE about nutrition and exercise during pregancy

Exercise can be beneficial, but the woman should consult with her physician first.

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can cause significant brain damage and other impairments in the fetus; this condition is known as

Fetal alcohol syndrome

Which of the following is TRUE about emergency contraceptive pills?

Multiple brands are available over-the-counter with no age restrictions.

Morphine, codeine, and heroin are all

Opioids

Factors affecting alcohol absorption include all of the following EXCEPT

The time of day the alcohol is consumed

Jade is pregnant. During a regular medical check-up, her physician discusses alcohol consumption. The physician will likely advise that she

abstain from alcohol during pregnancy.

James is no longer able to feel the same effect from his drug of choice with his regular dose; he needs to increase the amount of the drug to feel the desired effect. This demonstrates

tolerance

Fertility awareness methods of birth control include all of the following EXCEPT

abstinence

the toxic chemical byproduct of alcohol metabolism that causes nausea and vomiting is called

acetaldehyde

Which of the following is NOT an example of a barrier method of birth control

oral contraceptives

Long-term effects of marijuana include all the following EXCEPT

increased production of testosterone in males.

Chemicals in household products such as varnish, glues, and gasoline are

inhalents

An interaction in which drugs combine in the body to produce extremely uncomfortable reactions is called

intolerance

The fastest-acting method of injection is

intravenous

Postpartum depression

is characterized by fatigue, depression, and mood swings.

Diet pills contain ingredients such as caffeine, and can therefore act in what way on the body?

as a stimulant

opioids are also called

narcotics

The two contraceptive methods most commonly used by college students are

birth control pills and male condoms.

The ratio of alcohol to total blood volume is the

blood alcohol concentration

Women who use oral contraceptives and also smoke are at a higher risk of

blood clots and hypertension.

The most popular form of LSD is

blotter acid that is swallowed or chewed.

Stimulants act by increasing the activity of the

central nervous system.

The water that is pulled out of the body when someone drinks heavily is taken from

cerebrospinal fluid

The process by which addicts get an addictive substance out of their system as part of ending their dependence on it is

detoxification

Anabolic steroids are a type of

ergogenic drug.

An addictive drug produced by fermentation is

ethyl alcohol

Many men are reluctant to have a vasectomy because of the

fear of decreased sexual performance.

herion has a

high potential for addiction and no accepted medical use.

The surgical procedure that involves removal of the uterus is a(n)

hysterectomy

The most common cause of female infertility in the United States is

polycystic ovary syndrome.

Fertility is a person's ability to

reproduce

Which U.S. Supreme Court decision in 1973 gave women the legal right to an abortion?

roe v wade

An infection during pregnancy that can cause blindness or hearing disorders in the infant is

rubella

Substances designed to kill sperm are known as

spermicides.

Which of the following procedures performed during pregnancy can determine the size and position of the fetus and detect birth defects in the central nervous and digestive systems?

ultrasound

The effects of alcohol are different for women and men because

women have lower levels of alcohol dehydrogenase than men.

approximately 20 percent of alcohol is diffused through the

stomach lining

Which of the following is a sign of codependent behavior?

striving to meet another person's needs in an obsessive and unhealthy way

Surgical abortions in the first trimester are typically done by

suction curettage

Drugs, chemicals, and radiation that can cause birth defects are known as

teratogens.

When a pregnant woman's water breaks, what is actually happening is that

the amniotic sac breaks.

Which of the following is TRUE about over-the-counter drugs?

they can be abused

All of the following are true about suppositories EXCEPT that

they have a short life span and become inactive within an hour.

one standard drink equals

12 ounces of beer or 1.5 ounces of 80 proof liquor

how long does it take for the average adult to metabolize four 12-ounce beers

4 hours

Binge drinking is defined for the typical adult as

4 or more drinks for females or 5 or more drinks for males in about two hours.

4) What is the percentage of alcohol in 100 proof whiskey?

50 percent

Approximately what percentage of Americans consume alcoholicbeverages regularly?

50 percent

Which of the following is TRUE about gambling addictions?

Most compulsive gamblers seek a high from the excitement even more than from money

Which of the following is FALSE about smokeless tobacco?

It does not contain cancer-causing substances.

Which statement BEST summarizes what happens when particulate matter condenses in the lungs

It forms tar, which is a thick, brownish sludge.

A substance intended to affect the structure or function of the body or mind through chemical action is

a drug

During pregnancy, a woman could increase her folic acid intake by eating

dark leafy greens, citrus fruits, and beans.

Addictive substances and behaviors

have the potential to produce a positive mood change.

Eating food when drinking alcohol

slows alcohol absorption

Marijuana use presents clear dangers to those driving motor vehicles (as well as others on the road) because it

slows reaction time and impedes decision making.